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PNB 2XB3 - Neuroanatomy & Neurophysiology Questions and Answers | Latest Update 2024/2025

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How many neurons are in the human brain? ~~> about 100 billion What percentage of the brain do we use? ~~> 100% What is the brain's power in watts? ~~> 20 W What is the size of a typical neuron? ~~> 10 um (cell body diameter) What is the most common neurotransmitter? ~~&gt...

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1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


PNB 2XB3 - Neuroanatomy &
Neurophysiology Questions and
Answers | Latest Update 2024/2025
How many neurons are in the human brain?

✓ ~~> about 100 billion



What percentage of the brain do we use?

✓ ~~> 100%



What is the brain's power in watts?

✓ ~~> 20 W



What is the size of a typical neuron?

✓ ~~> 10 um (cell body diameter)



What is the most common neurotransmitter?

✓ ~~> Glutamate



What is the voltage of a neuron at rest?

✓ ~~> -65mV



What is the name of the neuro-electrical impulse?




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 2 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+

✓ ~~> Action potential



What ions are involved in neuro-electrical activity?

✓ ~~> Sodium (Na+), Potassium (K+) and Chloride (Cl-)



What is the CNS?

✓ ~~> Everything within bone, spinal cord, brainstem, thalamus, cortex

etc.



What is the PNS?

✓ ~~> All parts not within bone, peripheral nerves



3 types of glial cells

✓ ~~> Astrocyte (maintain ionic environment), Oligodendrocyte

(myelinates neurons), Microglia (scavenge cellular debris)



Rostral

✓ ~~> towards the nose, top of the neuraxis



Caudal

✓ ~~> towards the tail, end of the neuraxis



dorsal



Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 3 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+

✓ ~~> towards the back



ventral

✓ ~~> towards the front/stomach



anterior

✓ ~~> in the front



posterior

✓ ~~> behind



inferior

✓ ~~> below



superior

✓ ~~> above



midline

✓ ~~> line seperating right and left



ipsilateral

✓ ~~> same side




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 4 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+

contralateral

✓ ~~> opposite side



decussate

✓ ~~> cross the midline



proximal

✓ ~~> close to the point of reference



distal

✓ ~~> far away from the point of reference



efferent

✓ ~~> projecting away from reference



afferent

✓ ~~> projecting towards reference



medial

✓ ~~> near midline



lateral




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

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