WSU Biology 106 Exam 1 Questions With
100% Verified Answers.
Three basic plant organs - answer✔roots, stems, leaves
roots - answer✔Absorbs water and minerals from the ground. Anchors plant in ground.
Stems - answer✔Carry substances between roots and leaves; provide support for plant; holds
leaves up to sunlight
leaves - answer✔The main photosynthetic organs of vascular plants.
Nodes - answer✔the points at which leaves are attached
internodes - answer✔the stem segments between nodes
axillary bud - answer✔A structure that has the potential to form a lateral shoot, or branch. The
bud appears in the angle formed between a leaf and a stem.
terminal bud - answer✔bud at tip of a stem responsible for terminal growth
petiole - answer✔The stalk of a leaf, which joins the leaf to a node of the stem.
Three plant tissues - answer✔dermal, vascular, ground
dermal tissue - answer✔tissue of the plant that makes up the waxy outer layer of the plant
vascular tissue - answer✔Plant tissue consisting of cells joined into tubes that transport water
and nutrients throughout the plant body.
ground tissue - answer✔tissue between the dermal tissue and vascular tissue of a non-woody
plant that functions in photosynthesis, storage, and support
Xylem - answer✔vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant
Phloem - answer✔Living vascular tissue that carries sugar and organic substances throughout a
plant
parenchyma - answer✔Fundamental tissue composed of thin-walled living cells that function in
photosynthesis and storage.
Collenchyma - answer✔type of ground tissue cell with a strong, flexible cell wall; helps support
larger plants
Sclerenchyma - answer✔type of ground-tissue cell with an extremely thick, rigid cell wall that
makes ground tissue tough and strong
apical meristem - answer✔Embryonic plant tissue in the tips of roots and in the buds of shoots
that supplies cells for the plant to grow in length.
lateral meristems - answer✔A meristem that thickens the roots and shoots of woody plants. The
vascular cambium and cork cambium are lateral meristems.
shoot apical meristem - answer✔dome-shaped mass of dividing cells at the shoot tip
Gymnosperms and eudicots - answer✔vascular bundles are arranged in a ring
Monocots - answer✔vascular bundles are scattered throughout the stem
secondary growth - answer✔Growth produced by lateral meristems, which thickens the roots and
shoots of woody plants.
vascular cambium - answer✔A cylinder of meristematic tissue in woody plants that adds layers
of secondary vascular tissue called secondary xylem (wood) and secondary phloem.
cork cambium - answer✔Lateral meristematic tissue that produces the outer covering of stems
turgor pressure - answer✔The pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall
turgid - answer✔swollen, inflated
flaccid - answer✔deflated, limp
apoplastic route - answer✔water and solutes move along the continuum of cell walls and
extracellular spaces
Sympoplastic route - answer✔transport within the membrane
active transport - answer✔Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane
against a concentration difference
passive transport - answer✔the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use
of energy by the cell
Bulk/mass flow - answer✔mass movement of liquid caused by pressure, gravity, or both
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