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HSC 310 Exam 1 Questions with Correct Answers (Already Graded A+)

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HSC 310 Exam 1 Questions with Correct Answers (Already Graded A+) Reasons employment-based system left some uninsured - Answer- Small businesses cannot get group insurance at affordable rates and are unable to offer insurance Participation in insurance programs may be voluntary Affordable Ca...

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HSC 310 Exam 1 Questions with Correct
Answers (Already Graded A+)
Reasons employment-based system left some uninsured - Answer- Small businesses
cannot get group insurance at affordable rates and are unable to offer insurance
Participation in insurance programs may be voluntary

Affordable Care Act - Answer- Required all U.S. citizens and legal residents to be
covered by public or private insurance
UPDATE: The individual mandate ended with the passing of the tax bill in December
2017 (Repeal begins during the 2019 tax period)

Environmental influences shape the health care system: - Answer- Political climate
Economic development
Technological progress
Social and cultural values
Physical environment
Population characteristics (demographics, health trends)
Global influences

Ten Basic Characteristics Differentiate the U.S. Health Care Delivery System - Answer-
No central agency governs the system
Access to health care services is selectively based on insurance coverage
Health care is delivered under imperfect market conditions
Third-party insurers act as intermediaries between the financing and delivery functions
The existence of multiple payers makes the system cumbersome
The balance of power among players prevents any single entity from dominating the
system
Legal risks influence practice behavior of physicians
Development of new technology creates an automatic demand for its use
New service settings have evolved along a continuum
Quality is not accepted as an unachievable goal

No central agency - Answer- Most developed nations have national health care
To control costs, use global budget to determine total health care expenses
Government controls proliferation of health services
U.S. has mostly private financing and delivery
Financing via employers 52% and government 48%
Private health care, hospitals, and physicians are independent of government
No one monitors total expenses through global budgets and utilization
U.S. determines public-sector expenses and reimbursement rates for
Medicare/Medicaid/CHIP
Government sets standards of participation

, Providers must comply with standards to be certified to provide care for Medicaid and
Medicare patients
Certification standards are regarded as minimum standards of quality

access - Answer- the ability to obtain health care when needed

Americans can access health care services: - Answer- Through their employers
Under a government health care program
By buying insurance using private funds
By paying for services privately
By obtaining charity or subsidized care
(health insurance helps ensure access)

Uninsured Americans - Answer- Able to obtain medical care for acute (severe) illness
Form of universal catastrophic health insurance
Usually forego basic and routine care

Universal access - Answer- Countries with national health care programs provide
universal coverage
The ability of all citizens to obtain health care when needed is mostly a theoretical
concept

The U.S. has a quasi-market where - Answer- health care is partially managed by free
markets

In a free market, multiple patients and providers act - Answer- independently
(Providers do not collude to fix prices
Prices are set by the interaction of supply and demand
Inverse relationship between quantity of services demanded and price of services
Equilibrium is achieved without interference)

Item-based pricing (fee-for-service) - Answer- Fees charged for service (surgeon's
price)

Phantom providers - Answer- Bill for services separately

Package pricing - Answer- Bundled fee for a group of related services

Third-Party Insurers and Payers - Answer- Patient is the first party
Provider is the second party
Intermediary (e.g., insurer, government) is the third party
A wall of separation between financing and delivery

Single-payer system - Answer- A national health care system that is usually the primary
payer, the government

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