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BIL 150 Chapter 19: Viruses || WELL-ENLIGHTENED

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How does a virus make more viruses generally? correct answers 1. First a virus enters a host cell and releases its genome (either DNA or RNA) 2. Then viral genome is *replicated* by host enzymes 3. The viral genome is also *transcribed into viral mRNA which is then translated into viral pro...

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  • 9 de octubre de 2024
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  • BIL 150
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BIL 150 Chapter 19: Viruses || WELL-ENLIGHTENED
How does a virus make more viruses generally? correct answers 1. First a virus enters a host
cell and releases its genome (either DNA or RNA)

2. Then viral genome is *replicated* by host enzymes

3. The viral genome is also *transcribed into viral mRNA which is then translated into viral
proteins* through the machinery of the host cell

3. The virus is then spontaneously *self-assembled* with the replicated viral genome and
viral proteins made from the viral mRNA

4. After a bunch of new viruses are made, then either the *host cell lyses and releases all the
viruses* OR *the host cell remains alive after some of the produced viruses leave and others
remain* (*lytic or lysogenic cycle*)

Virus correct answers An infectious particle consisting of genes packaged in a protein capsid
or membrane envelope (or both)

Viral genome correct answers -Can be either DNA or RNA, they can either be single or
double stranded

-Either single linear or circular molecule of nucleic acids, or multiple nucleic acid fragments

-Between 3 - 2,000 genes

4 Groups of Viruses (with independent origin form transposons and plasmids) correct
answers 1. RNA viruses

2. Reverse-transcribing viruses

3. Single-stranded DNA viruses

4. Double-stranded DNA viruses

Capsid correct answers The protein shell that encloses the viral genome; are built from
protein subunits called *capsomeres*

Different shape of capsids correct answers Can have a variety of structures; can be helical or
icosahedral viruses

Viral envelopes correct answers A membrane made from both viral and host cell molecules
that cloaks the capsid that in turn encloses a viral genome; they are derived from the
membranes of host cells

Viruses are _____________ ______________ __________________, which means they can
replicate only within a host cell. correct answers obligate intracellular parasites

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