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UCF PCB3233 Exam 2 Immunology Weigel correctly answered to pass
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UCF PCB3233 Exam 2 ImmunologyWeigel
iCB3 is a ligand for - correct answer ✔✔CR3 and CR4 receptors on macrophages
Scavenger receptors prefer negatively charged molecules such as - correct answer ✔✔nucleic acids,
phosphate containing lipoteichoic acis (gram +) and LPS (gram -)
CR3 and CR4 can also recognize - correct answer ✔✔LPS (gram -), lipophosphoglycan (protozoa),
filamentous hemagglutinin, cell surface structures on yeast
Mannose receptors recognize - correct answer ✔✔LPS (gram -), CPs and ManLam of bacteria
When TLR's are engaged, what mechanism is engaged in the macrophage? - correct answer ✔✔A signal
is sent to the nucleus to make and secret inflammatory cytokines
What does TLR3 bind to? - correct answer ✔✔RNA viruses
What does TLR4 bind to? - correct answer ✔✔LPS (gram - bacteria)
What does TLR5 bind too? - correct answer ✔✔Flagellin
What does TLR7 bind too? - correct answer ✔✔Single strained RNA
What are the steps of the TLR4 signaling mechanism? - correct answer ✔✔Complex of TLR4, MD2, CD14
and LPS assembles on macrophage surface > MyD88 binds TLR4 and activated IRAK4 to phosphorylate
TRAF6, which leads to phosphorylation and activation of IKK . IKK phosphorylates IκB, leading to it's
degradation and release of NFκB which enters the nucleus and activates transpition of genes for
inflammatory cytokines which are synthesized in the cytoplasm and secreted via the ER
, What 5 genes are transcribed because of the TLR4 recognition? - correct answer ✔✔IL1, IL6, CXCL8, IL12
and TNFα
IL1, IL6, CXCL8, IL12 and TNFα are all considered to be what? - correct answer ✔✔Inflammatory
cytokines
Describe neutrophils - correct answer ✔✔Common myeloid precursor > granulocyte/macrophage
progenitor > neutrophil 40-75% of leukocytes effectors of innate immunity, specializing in capture,
engulfment and killing of microbes, work in anaerobic conditions found in damaged tissue, short lived,
die at site of infection, phagocytic cell that contain toxic substances in intracellular granules, 60% of
hematopoietic activity in the bone marrow, where a large reserve is kept
Another name for neutrophils is? - correct answer ✔✔Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (microphages)
4 classes of adhesion molecules - correct answer ✔✔Selectins are carbohydrate binding lectins which
bind to vascular Addressins CD34 (contain carbohydrate groups) Integrins LFA1 bind to Ig superfamily
proteins and extracellular matrix, strong adhesion, ICAM1 binds to LFA 3
4 steps of extravastion - correct answer ✔✔Extravasation=allowing neutrophils to exit the blood near
site of infections. Cytokines/inflammatory mediators induce selectin expression on vascular endothelium
to bind neutrophils. Transient interation between neutrophil and selectin on the endothelium. Rolling
adhesion, tight binding, interactions between LFA1 to ICAM1, strong interaction induced by CXCL8 held
on ECM proteoglycans, chemokine attraction, neutrophils squeeze between the endothelial cells
ROLLING ADHESION TIGHT BINDING DIAPEDESIS AND MIGRATION
How can you tell the difference between a general cytokine and a chemokine? - correct answer ✔✔All
chemokines are cytokines, but NOT all cytokines are chemokines. CC or CXC while be in the name of
chemokines, except IL8 which is a chemokines
What are the 3 neutrophil granules? - correct answer ✔✔Primary (azurophilic) Secondary (specific) and
tertiary (gelatinase)
What is the respiratory burst associated with neutrophils? - correct answer ✔✔Transient increase in
oxygen consumption, the purpose is to raise the pH of the phagosome so the granule contents can
becomes active to kill pathogen
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