HESI PHARMACOLOGY CARDIOVASCULAR EXIT
EXAM 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 100
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS)
Terms in this set (55)
The kidneys filter about 1 L of blood per minute.
If cardiac output is decreased, the amount of blood
going through the kidneys is decreased; urinary
Hint
output is decreased. Therefore, a decreased urinary
What is the relationship of
output may be a sign of cardiac problems.
the kidneys to the
When the kidneys produce and excrete 0.5mL of
cardiovascular system?
urine/kg of body weight or average 30mL/hr output,
the blood supply is considered to be minimally
adequate to perfuse the vital organs
Chest discomfort or pain that occurs when myocardial
Angina description
O2 demands exceed supply
Atherosclerotic heart disease
HTN
coronary artery spasm
Common causes of angina
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Any activity that increases the heart's oxygen demand;
physical exertion, cold extremities
, Pain: mild to severe intensity, described as heavy,
squeezing, pressing, burning, choking, aching, and
feeling of apprehension
Substernal, radiating to left arm and/or shoulder, jaw,
Nursing assessment
right shoulder
Angina
Transient or prolonged, with gradual or sudden onset;
Pain
typically of short duration
Often precipitated by exercise, exposure to cold, a
heavy meal, mental tension, sexual intercourse
Relieved by rest and/or nitroglycerin
ECG: is generally at client baseline unless taken
during anginal attack, when ST segment depression
and T wave inversion may occur
Exercise stress test: shows ST segment depression and
Angina
hypotension
Diagnostic info
Stress echo: looks for changes in wall motion
(indicated in women)
Coronary angiogram: detects coronary artery spams
Cardiac cath: detects arterial blockage
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