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BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY TEST #1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY TEST #1QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is Anthropology? - Answer-Studies the interactions between evolutionary and
cultural factors.
What is the focus of Cultural Anthropology - Answer-The study of human societies.
What is the focus of Linguistic Anthropology - Answer-The study of language, its origins
and use.
What is the focus of Archaeology - Answer-The study of the material culture of past
people.
What is the focus of Biological (Physical Anthropology) - Answer-The study of human
biology within an evolutionary framework.
What is Paleoanthropology? - Answer-The branch of anthropology concerned with fossil
hominids.
What is the criterion of falsifiability? - Answer-Able to be proven false.
Why are scientific "facts" provisional? - Answer-They are open to rejection.
What is a hypothesis in the scientific sense? - Answer-A statement that suggests a
causal relationship between the events; a proposed explanation; a guess about how
something works.
How do we test hypotheses? - Answer-We have to think about our hypotheses first and
establish that it is possible to prove it wrong, and describe what could be observed that
would prove it wrong.
How does one reject a hypothesis? - Answer-By proving it wrong.
What are scientific laws? - Answer-Things that have been tested so thoroughly that we
have very high confidence in them.
What are scientific theories? - Answer-A well-established and interrelated set of facts
and hypotheses that is used to explain diverse events and phenomena.
What is the Scala naturae and Great Chain of Being - Answer-There is a ranking
system in nature, like worms are at the bottom and humans are at the top.
What is Ptolomeic Cosmology - Answer-A Earth-centered universe
, Which of the following types of inheritance did Lamarck argue was a mechanism for
producing evolutionary change in organisms: - Answer-Inheritance of Acquired
Characters
In science, a well-established and interrelated set of facts and laws that is used to
explain diverse events and phenomena is known as - Answer-A theory
Which of the following individuals wrote essays on human population growth that
stimulated Darwin to develop his hypothesis of natural selection? - Answer-Thomas
Malthus
According to Archbishop Usher, the earth was created in which year? - Answer-4004
B.C.
Wallace's line (i.e., "the line between monkeys and kangaroos") - Answer-Represents a
permanent water barrier to animal migration between Sunda and Sahul.
Which of the following individuals is credited as a codiscoverer of natural selection? -
Answer-Alfred Russell Wallace
One explanation for the changes that nineteenth century naturalists saw in the fossil
record was that periodic natural disasters caused many species in an area to go extinct.
This idea is called: - Answer-Catastrophism
Which of the following philosophical perspectives suggested that the world is created
perfectly and with a purpose (i.e., from a blueprint or template)? - Answer-Teleology
Essentialism was used by Natural Theologians to suggest ... - Answer-That only limited
variation is permissible within a species.
Superfecundity is the observation that... - Answer-Population size can increase
exponentially if adequate resources are available.
Define Essentialism. - Answer-Each class of things have properties that cannot be
changed.
How did Essentialist view variation? - Answer-Variation is unimportant.
Who created Scala naturae and the Great Chain of Being - Answer-Aristotle
What belief thought extinction was impossible? - Answer-Teleology
What was Darwins hypothesis? - Answer-The Earth is old and in constant flux: the
environment is constantly changing and populations adapt to the change.
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