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gerontological nursing- Eliopoulos exam questions and answers
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gerontological nursing- Eliopoulos examquestions and answers
older adults are generally defined as - Answers -individuals age 65 and older
categorization of older individuals - Answers -young-old: 60-74
old-old: 75-100
centurians: over 100
What is aging - Answers -it is a Natural process- no single known factor causes or
prevents aging
what is ageism - Answers -- Prejudices and stereotypes applied to older people solely
on the basis of their age
- Derogatory attitude
- Stems from society's anxiety of aging and cultural emphasis on youth, physical beauty
factors that influence aging - Answers -unique to the individual: heredity, $ affect
choices in nutrition, environment, activity, stress/empowerment, life exposures and
experiences, smoking and drugs, even simple things like play and laughter
what does gerontological nursing involve___________ and strive to - Answers -
involves: promotion of highest quality of life and wellness
to: achieve optimal levels of physical, psychological, social, and spiritual health end
result=WHOLENESS
how is the quality of life measured - Answers -by the things that keep them going not
their set backs
common needs important to older
adult population - Answers -Connection- family, society, their culture
Gratification- purpose, pleasure and dignity(let them help)
physiological needs: respiration, circulation, nutrition, hydration elimination, movement,
rest, comfort, immunity, and risk reduction
leading chronic conditions : age 65> - Answers -arthritis,HTN,hearing impairment, visual
disturbences (glaucoma macular degeneration)DM,
are psychosocial patterns consistant throughout the lifespan? - Answers -yes
, how can nurses promote joy and a sense of purpose to the elder population - Answers -
by viewing old age as an oppertunity to continued developement and satisfaction- rather
than a depressing useless period of life
biological theories tell us that - Answers -there is no fountain of youth, no two individuals
will age the same
Genetic theory - Answers -people inherit a genetic program- determines life expectancy
Error theory - Answers -genetic mutations are involved, causing organ decline as a
result of cellular mutation ( after a certain time, something goes wrong)
Cross- Linkage theory - Answers -cellular division threatened resulting from radiation,
chemical reactions, affects DNA and destroys connective tissue/ collegen(elasticity
breaks down) by stiffening protein chains making them less able to function (stiffening of
proteins=rough skin stiff joints)
Evolution theory tells us that differences in aging and longevity occur due to - Answers -
natural selection/mutation
mutation theory - Answers -occurs due to decrease in natural selection with age
mutations that effect children will eventually be eliminated (used to be known as survival
of the fitest)
disposable soma theory - Answers -aging is related to the use of bodys energy rather
than to genetics
Free Radical theory - Answers -since free radicals are highly reactive molecules with an
extra charge- resulting from O2metabolism and other things. *they damage proteins,
enzymes and DNA - self perpetuating- they replace healthy molecules with faulty ones.
what aids in moving free radicals - Answers -Antioxidants, C , E, Niacin , B carotene
lipofusion therapy - Answers -oxidation of unsat fats "age pigments" by products have a
similar rule as free radicals
accumulation= interferes with diffusion and transport of essential metabolites
what are the primary organs of the immune system believed to be affected by aging
process - Answers -the thymus and bone marrow
why? the wt of thymus decreases (p/30) as does ability to produce T cell diffrentiation.
bone marrow perform less efficiently-- the body immunochemical memory system
causes it to misinterperate NL cells as foreign
wear and tear theory attribute aging to - Answers -repeated use and injury of the body
over time, like any complicated machine- function less efficiently. (brusitis)
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