Law 201: Introduction to Canadian Law
Exam Questions And Answers
Overriding role of a lawyer - Answers✔to protect The Rule of Law ("lawyers are 'officers' of the court")
Magna Carta / "The Great Charter" - Answers✔king had to act in a fair legal way (no longer arbitrary)
The Rule of Law - Answers✔1) law applied to
2) law must be enforced fairly
The Rule of Law is not a statute or rule, but: - Answers✔an overarching principal which governs the
implications and enforcement of law
The Canadian Bar Association - Answers✔reviews bills (Anti-Terrorism Bill)
Lawyers must balance obligations to the _________ and _________ - Answers✔client and public
Duty to the Client - Answers✔1) Competence
2 Confidence
3) Loyalty
Competence - Answers✔has and applies relevant knowledge, skill, and attributes (capability) to matters
appropriate to the client
Confidentiality Componants - Answers✔legal advice + between client and lawyer (in formal settings) =
lawyer may not reveal w/o client consent
Exceptions to Confidentiality - Answers✔1) Law requires Disclosure: court order / statute / docterine
2) Risk of death or "serious bodily harm" (consider other ways of preventing harm w/o releasing
confidential information before reaching this point)
Who has onus to decided if confidential information should be revealed when there is risk of death or
"serious bodily harm"? - Answers✔Lawyer!! Can explore other preventative measures if see fit.
Duty of Loyalty - Answers✔Lawyer cannot do anything to be at 'odds' with the client (ie. opposing
members of a case}
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
"Conflict of Interest" - Answers✔When a lawyer is representing clients with opposing interests (cannot
act for either)
Lawyers main obligations to the Public Interest - Answers✔1) Honesty
2) Integrity
3) "Officer of the Court"
Law Society Act states that: - Answers✔1) all lawyers are officers of the court = overriding obligation is
to the court and justice (not the public/client)
2) govern or discipline a lawyer who do not follow rules / conduct
3) ensure lawyers follow rules
Steps to becoming a Lawyer - Answers✔1) 3-4 year undergraduate degree
2) Law School Admission Test (LSAT)
-----after graduating---
3) Articling Program or Law Practice Program (LPP)
4) Bar admission course
5) called to the bar
Who can appoint judges? - Answers✔Federal and Provincial courts
"Inherent Jurisdiction" - Answers✔only in Federal Appointments
the power to judge an issue is given to superior courts if not assigned
Federal (superior) Court Matters - Answers✔- matters assigned by statute
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Componants considered when Canadian Judges are Appointed - Answers✔1) at least 10 years as lawyer
2) clean discipline record3
3) Exemplary contribution to professoin
Organiztion of the Canadian Court Sytem - Answers✔Hierarchical
(Supreme Court of Canada is at the top)
Federal and Provincial Courts of Appeal - Answers✔no inherent jurisdiction
Provincial Court of Appeal - Answers✔go to Superior Court trial devisions
Federal Court of Appeal - Answers✔federal statutes
Tax Court - Answers✔hear from individual citizenz
Military Court - Answers✔"courts martial" hear about military members
Ontario's Court System - Answers✔1) Ontario Court of Appeal: hears from 2 and 3
2) Ontario Divisional Court: small money claims ($50 000 or less)
3) Ontario Superior Court Final Matters: Provincial Court of Justice
Small claims court - Answers✔- claims below $25 000
- part time judge apointees
Family Court Branches - Answers✔Provincial and Superior court matters regarding family combined.
(Prov - Exclusive jurisdiction. Sup - Property and Divorce)
Two Basic Sources of Law - Answers✔1) Statue
2) Common Law
Statues - Answers✔- passed by federal or provincial legislature
- takes priority
- "bills"
Common Law Subjects - Answers✔1) Contracts
2) Torts
3) Property Law
Common Law System (sources of law) - Answers✔- main source of law = Judicial decision
- secondary source of law = statutory
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