EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG ACTUAL EXAM WITH 50 REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH WELL-ELABORATED RATIONALES/
EVOLVE HESI MEDICAL SURGICAL LATEST EXAM 2025
1. Question:
A nurse is caring for a client who is 24 hours post-operative following a
right total hip arthroplasty (THA). Which of the following actions should
the nurse take to prevent dislocation of the client’s new hip joint?
A) Instruct the client to bend the hip more than 90 degrees while sitting
B) Place a pillow between the client’s legs when turning
C) Encourage the client to cross the legs when sitting in a chair
D) Keep the affected leg in a straight position while turning the client
Answer: B) Place a pillow between the client’s legs when turning
Rationale: After a hip replacement surgery, placing a pillow between
the legs helps maintain proper alignment and prevents dislocation of
the hip joint. Crossing the legs, bending the hip more than 90 degrees,
or turning the client without proper support increases the risk of
dislocation.
2. Question:
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of diabetes
mellitus and is learning how to administer insulin. Which of the
following statements by the client indicates that teaching was effective?
A) “I will inject insulin into the same site every day to ensure
consistency.”
B) “I should rotate injection sites to avoid tissue damage.”
C) “It is best to inject insulin after eating to control my blood glucose
,levels.”
D) “I should use the same needle for all my injections to prevent waste.”
Answer: B) “I should rotate injection sites to avoid tissue damage.”
Rationale: Rotating injection sites helps to prevent lipodystrophy (tissue
damage) and ensures more consistent insulin absorption. Injecting
insulin into the same site or using the same needle increases the risk of
complications.
3. Question:
A nurse is assessing a client who has a history of congestive heart failure
(CHF) and is presenting with shortness of breath, crackles in the lungs,
and decreased oxygen saturation. Which of the following interventions
should the nurse prioritize?
A) Administer prescribed diuretics
B) Place the client in a supine position
C) Increase the client's fluid intake
D) Encourage deep breathing exercises
Answer: A) Administer prescribed diuretics
Rationale: The client’s symptoms of shortness of breath, crackles, and
decreased oxygen saturation are signs of fluid overload, a common
complication of CHF. Diuretics help to remove excess fluid, relieve
symptoms, and improve oxygenation.
4. Question:
A nurse is teaching a client about dietary changes for managing
hypertension. Which of the following should the nurse recommend?
, A) Reduce sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg per day
B) Increase saturated fat intake to help raise cholesterol levels
C) Eat more processed foods to reduce salt consumption
D) Increase daily protein intake to more than 100 grams
Answer: A) Reduce sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg per day
Rationale: Reducing sodium intake is a key dietary modification for
managing hypertension. Limiting sodium helps to lower blood pressure.
Increasing fat and processed foods, or excessively increasing protein
intake, does not help control hypertension.
5. Question:
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chemotherapy for cancer.
Which of the following laboratory findings is most important for the
nurse to report to the healthcare provider?
A) Hemoglobin 10 g/dL
B) Platelets 80,000/mm³
C) White blood cells 4,000/mm³
D) Potassium 3.8 mEq/L
Answer: B) Platelets 80,000/mm³
Rationale: A platelet count of 80,000/mm³ is low and puts the client at
increased risk for bleeding. Chemotherapy often causes
thrombocytopenia, and any significant decrease in platelets should be
promptly reported.
6. Question:
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH WELL-ELABORATED RATIONALES/
EVOLVE HESI MEDICAL SURGICAL LATEST EXAM 2025
1. Question:
A nurse is caring for a client who is 24 hours post-operative following a
right total hip arthroplasty (THA). Which of the following actions should
the nurse take to prevent dislocation of the client’s new hip joint?
A) Instruct the client to bend the hip more than 90 degrees while sitting
B) Place a pillow between the client’s legs when turning
C) Encourage the client to cross the legs when sitting in a chair
D) Keep the affected leg in a straight position while turning the client
Answer: B) Place a pillow between the client’s legs when turning
Rationale: After a hip replacement surgery, placing a pillow between
the legs helps maintain proper alignment and prevents dislocation of
the hip joint. Crossing the legs, bending the hip more than 90 degrees,
or turning the client without proper support increases the risk of
dislocation.
2. Question:
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of diabetes
mellitus and is learning how to administer insulin. Which of the
following statements by the client indicates that teaching was effective?
A) “I will inject insulin into the same site every day to ensure
consistency.”
B) “I should rotate injection sites to avoid tissue damage.”
C) “It is best to inject insulin after eating to control my blood glucose
,levels.”
D) “I should use the same needle for all my injections to prevent waste.”
Answer: B) “I should rotate injection sites to avoid tissue damage.”
Rationale: Rotating injection sites helps to prevent lipodystrophy (tissue
damage) and ensures more consistent insulin absorption. Injecting
insulin into the same site or using the same needle increases the risk of
complications.
3. Question:
A nurse is assessing a client who has a history of congestive heart failure
(CHF) and is presenting with shortness of breath, crackles in the lungs,
and decreased oxygen saturation. Which of the following interventions
should the nurse prioritize?
A) Administer prescribed diuretics
B) Place the client in a supine position
C) Increase the client's fluid intake
D) Encourage deep breathing exercises
Answer: A) Administer prescribed diuretics
Rationale: The client’s symptoms of shortness of breath, crackles, and
decreased oxygen saturation are signs of fluid overload, a common
complication of CHF. Diuretics help to remove excess fluid, relieve
symptoms, and improve oxygenation.
4. Question:
A nurse is teaching a client about dietary changes for managing
hypertension. Which of the following should the nurse recommend?
, A) Reduce sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg per day
B) Increase saturated fat intake to help raise cholesterol levels
C) Eat more processed foods to reduce salt consumption
D) Increase daily protein intake to more than 100 grams
Answer: A) Reduce sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg per day
Rationale: Reducing sodium intake is a key dietary modification for
managing hypertension. Limiting sodium helps to lower blood pressure.
Increasing fat and processed foods, or excessively increasing protein
intake, does not help control hypertension.
5. Question:
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chemotherapy for cancer.
Which of the following laboratory findings is most important for the
nurse to report to the healthcare provider?
A) Hemoglobin 10 g/dL
B) Platelets 80,000/mm³
C) White blood cells 4,000/mm³
D) Potassium 3.8 mEq/L
Answer: B) Platelets 80,000/mm³
Rationale: A platelet count of 80,000/mm³ is low and puts the client at
increased risk for bleeding. Chemotherapy often causes
thrombocytopenia, and any significant decrease in platelets should be
promptly reported.
6. Question:
