WGU D027 Study Guide Exam with
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1. Celiac Disease - definition: intolerance of gluten - more pronounced in the
duodenum and jejunum
2. Celiac Disease - s/s: Abdominal pain/distention, diarrhea (pale, greasy, bulky,
foul), malnutrition complications (rickets, occult blood, anemia), early bleeds/bruis-
es, hypomagnesemia/hypocalcemia (irritability, tremors, convulsions, tetany, bone
pain)
3. Celiac Disease - labs: IgA-tTg, IgA-EMA, total IgA
4. Celiac Disease - testing: serologic measurements of IgA antibodies and HLA-
DQ2 or HLA-DQ8, endoscopy with small intestine biopsy, duodenal biopsy
5. Sjoren's Syndrome - definition: immune disorder characterized by dry mouth
and dry eyes, mostly in older women
6. Sjoren's Syndrome - testing: SSA+ and SSB+
7. Cinnamon - Uses: Lowers BG, Cholesterol, hypertension, risk of bleeding
8. Cinnamon - adverse efects: avoid use with diabetic drugs, anticoagulants, and
heart meds - breastfeeding women should avoid as a treatment
9. Gingko Biloba - uses: halt progression of dementia, used for erectile disfunction
10. Gingko Biloba - adverse effects: increases risk of bleeding (avoid using with
anticoagulants) and lowers seizure threshold
,11. Glucosamine - uses: osteoarthritis
12. Green Tea - uses: lose weight, mental clarity
13. Green Tea - adverse effects: hepatotoxicity, avoid taking with vasodilators/stim-
ulants/psychoactive medications, contains small amounts of vitamin K
14. Lavender - uses: increases relaxation, helps with anxiety/stress/insomnia
15. Lavender - adverse effects: constipation, headache, increase appetite, de-
crease BP, caution with CNS depressants
16. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome - structure: LEFT ventricle is underdevel-
oped
Mitral valves not formed properly
Aortic valve not formed properly
Ascending aorta underdeveloped
Atrial septal defect
17. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome - fetal shunts: patent ductus arteriosus -
artery connecting aorta to pulmonary artery
patent foramen ovale - hole connecting right atrium to left atrium
18. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome - survival rates: 3-5 year survival rates of
70% for infants with stage 1 repari
Children who survive 12 months have 90% survival rate
19. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome - treatment stage 1: 1-2 weeks old (nor-
wood procedure)
,Enlarges aorta and connects to the right ventricle, shunt to pulmonary artery is
created, patent ductus arteriosus is closed
20. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome - treatment stage 2: 4-6 months old (glenn
procedure)
SVC is connected to pulmonary artery, shunt from norwood is removed
21. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome - treatment stage 3: 18-36 months old
(fontan procedure)
IVC is connected to pulmonary artery, hole is made from the IVC conduit attached to
the right atrium
22. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome - s/s: cyanosis, pallor, sweaty/clammy/cool
skin, trouble breathing, rapid HR, cold feet, poor pedal pulses, poor feeding
23. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome - testing: during pregnancy - prenatal tests to
check for birth defects, ultrasound to identify HLLS, echocardiogram to show
structures of heart
after birth - based on s/s through pallor and cyanosis, newborn will experience s/s
once ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale close
echocardiogram
24. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome - medication: tube feedings, medications to
strengthen heart muscles, lower BP, and remove extra fluid
25. Parathyroid - function: produces parathyroid hormone that regulates calcium in
the bloodstream/tissue - more PTH released = more calcium in bones released to
blood/tissue = losing density and strength
26. Parathyroid - labs: calcium (8.6-10.3 mg/dL)
PTH (11-51 pg/mL)
, 27. Parathyroid - s/s hyperparathyroid: osteoporosis, kidney stones, excessive
urination, abdominal pain, fatigue, forgetfulness, bone/joint pain
28. Parathyroid - s/s hypoparathyroid: High PTH, low T3/T4
paresthesia, twitching of facial muscles, muscle pains/cramps, mood changes,
dry/rough skin
29. Parathyroid - testing: ultrasound, bone densitometry, body CT/MRI
30. Parathyroid - medications: calcimimetics, hormone replacement, biphospho-
nates
31. Parathyroid - treatment: maintain low serum calcium level in hypoparathyroid
32. Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome - definition: progressive genetic dis-
order causing children to age rapidly - no cure - appears in first two years of life
33. Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome - causes: abberant splicing of the
LMNA making protein - progerin
Causes the nuclear envelope to surround the nucleus to be unstable and damages
