REPRODUCING POP CULTURE FINAL
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
aire3usee3-e3ANS--
Thee3fundamentale3conceptse3relevante3toe3REe3withe3copyrighte3ande3creativee3works,e3insp
iration,e3ande3imitatione3includee3thee3sensee3ofe3ownershipe3ande3intellectuale3property.e3Wh
oe3ise3thee3creatore3ofe3thee3worke3ande3whate3ise3thee3"uniquee3existencee3ofe3thee3worke3ofe3a
rt"e3(Benjamin)
transformativee3faire3usee3-e3ANS--
ae3newere3refinemente3ofe3"faire3use"e3referringe3toe3worke3thate3addse3somethinge3newe3ande3
containse3ae3furthere3purposee3ore3differente3charactere3ande3doese3note3substitutee3fore3thee3
originale3usee3ofe3thee3work
derivativee3faire3usee3-e3ANS--
ae3worke3basede3one3ore3derivede3frome3onee3ore3moree3existinge3works
Commone3derivativee3works:e3translations,e3musicale3arrangements,e3motione3picturee3vers
ione3ofe3literarye3workse3ore3plays,e3arte3reproductions,e3abridgement,e3condensationse3ofe3pr
eexistinge3work
whate3doese3Barthelmee3considere3toe3bee3thee3centrale3principlee3ofe3alle3arte3ine3thee320the3c
enturye3-e3ANS--thee3principlee3ofe3collage
whate3doese3TSe3Eliote3saye3aboute3poetse3-
e3ANS--"Immaturee3poetse3imitate,e3maturee3poetse3steal"
foure3factorse3ofe3measuringe3faire3usee3-e3ANS---Thee3purposee3ande3charactere3ofe3use
-Thee3naturee3ofe3thee3copyrightede3work
-Thee3amounte3ande3substantiale3ofe3thee3portione3taken
-Thee3effecte3ofe3thee3usee3upone3thee3potentiale3market
inspiratione3ore3imitation-e3-e3ANS---
Georgee3Harrisone3"Mye3Sweete3Lord"e3vse3Thee3Chiffonse3"He'se3soe3Fine"e3Harrisone3ise3fo
unde3toe3havee3infringede3copyright
-Campbelle3v.e3Acuffe3Rose,e31994e3Supremee3Courte3Case
Roye3Orbisone3v.e32e3Livee3Crew-
e3Songe3wase3ae3parodye3thate3madee3faire3usee3ofe3thee3originale3song
-
Marvine3Gayee3"Gote3toe3Givee3Ite3Up"e3(1977)e3vs.e3Robine3Thickee3&e3Pharrelle3Williamse3"B
lurrede3Lines"e3(2014)
,Requirede3toe3paye3Gaye/hise3familye3fore3infringement
-Tome3Pettye3"Ie3Won'te3Backe3Down"e3v.e3Same3Smithe3"Staye3Withe3Me"
Pettye3ande3Lynnee3aree3co-creditede3fore3Smith'se3song
-Spirite3"Taurus"e3(1967)e3v.e3Lede3Zeppeline3"Stairwaye3toe3Heaven"e3(1971)
Overturnede3ine3thee3inversee3ratioe3rule
-Jennfiere3Lopeze3"I'me3Glad"e3videoe3(2003)e3v.e3Flashdancee3(1983)
Sonye3Musice3v.e3Paramount
Je3Loe3winse3becausee3casee3ise3dismissed
inversee3ratioe3rulee3-e3ANS--
Toe3provee3copyrighte3infringement,e3ae3plaintiffe3muste3showe3thate3thee3allegede3infringere3h
ade3"access"e3toe3thee3plaintiff'se3work,e3ande3thate3thee3twoe3workse3aree3"substantiallye3simil
ar."e3Thee3inversee3ratioe3rulee3—e3whiche3hade3note3beene3adoptede3ine3othere3circuitse3—
e3helde3thate3thee3moree3accesse3wase3shown,e3thee3lesse3similaritye3wase3requirede3toe3estab
lishe3infringement.e3Thee3rulee3hase3beene3ae3thorne3ine3thee3sidee3ofe3defendantse3—
e3includinge3recorde3labelse3ande3majore3artistse3—e3fore3decades.
dancee3-e3ANS--ase3ae3culturee3forme3ise3inherentlye3RE
Thrillere3-e3ANS--
producede3ine31983,e3approachinge3epice3lengthe3fore3thee3erae3ate313:42e3longe3(ine3contraste
3toe3thee3moree3standarde33-
4e3minutes),e3withe3ane3equallye3strikinge3$500,000e3budget,e3directede3bye3Johne3Landis.e3T
hee3production/performancee3hase3invitede3manye3imitators,e3renditionse3and/ore3parodies
Manye3redos
Southe3Park,e313e3goinge3one330,e3Dancinge3Inmates,e3Worlde3Record....
parodye3-e3ANS--
ane3intentionallye3imitativee3creativee3act,e3worke3(film,e3song,e3magazine,e3sketche3(SNL)e3et
.e3al),e3genre,e3ore3productione3thate3mirrorse3ae3particulare3work,e3performance,e3production,
e3presentatione3bye3emphasizinge3thee3familiare3conventionse3ande3referencee3points,e3prim
arilye3fore3humorouse3(ironic,e3satiric)e3effecte3ore3commente3one3thee3originale3work,e3itse3sub
ject,e3style,e3creatore3.e3Ase3ae3comice3subgenre,e3thee3forme3ise3alsoe3referrede3toe3ase3ae3spo
of,e3send-up,e3take-off,e3lampoon,e3playe3on,e3caricature,e3satire,e3joke,e3mockumentary.
Examples:e3Shaune3ofe3thee3Dead,e3Mele3Brookse3filmse3likee3Blazinge3Saddlese3ore3Younge3
Frankenstein,e3Scarye3Movie,e3Weirde3Ale3Yankovic,e3MADe3magazine,e3Nationale3Lampoo
n,
Policee3Squade3-e3ANS--
Conventionse3ofe3thee3televisione3cope3seriese3genree3(characters,e3dialogue,e3plots,e3settin
gse3etc).e3Evene3playede3withe3episodee3titles:e3Thee3screene3woulde3displaye3ae3differente3titl
ee3whate3thee3announcere3woulde3read:e3Ae3Substantiale3Gifte3(Thee3Brokene3Promise)e3Ring
e3ofe3Feare3(Ae3Dangerouse3Assignment)
Angiee3Tribecae3-e3ANS--(TBS,e32016-
2018)e3Createde3bye3Stevee3ande3Nancye3Carell,e3starringe3Rashidae3Jonese3(daughtere3ofe3
, musice3producere3Quincye3Jonese3ande3thee3latee3Peggye3Liptone3ofe3thee3coole3cope3series,e3
Thee3Mode3Squade3(1968-1973)).e3Thee3Mode3Squad,e3ofe3course,e3wase3Re-
de3intoe3ae3filme3decadese3latere3(1999)
Tribecae3-e3ANS--
Familiare3cope3ande3procedurale3genree3conventionse3ande3characterse3abounde3ine3Tribeca
e3(thee3seriese3note3thee3Newe3Yorke3neighborhood):e3ae3lone-
wolfe3LAPDe3Detectivee3(Angie),e3here3newe3partnere3namede3J.e3Geilse3(borrowede3frome3ae3
well-knowne3latee31960se3rocke3band),e3will-they-won't-
theye3sexuale3tension,e3ane3irritatede3precincte3supervisor/
captain,e3fellowe3detectivese3ande3squad,e3K9e3unit,e3ae3brilliante3medicale3examiner,e3heino
use3crimese3ine3thee3citye3suche3ase3thee3murdere3ofe3ae3ventriloquiste3ande3ae3rashe3ofe3bakere
3suicides.
Shalese3Ree3decadee3-
e3ANS--"Originality e3ase3ae3valuee3hase3becomee3outmodede3ine3thee3Ree3Decade.e3It'se3likee3
gracee3ore3wit:e3somethinge3noe3longere3soughte3ore3prized"
shalese3ree3decadee3-
e3ANS--"Ine3thee3Ree3Decade,e3ite3ise3justifiablee3toe3looke3aboute3thee3videoe3terraine3ande3itse
3jumblee3ofe3warringe3factionse3frome3othere3momentse3neare3ande3fare3ande3conclude:e3there
e3ise3noe3heree3ande3here.e3Theree3wase3noe3thene3ande3then.e3Theree3ise3noe3nowe3now.e3Just
e3videoe3video.e3Televisione3land.e3Cablee3hase3madee3thise3evene3worse,e3ore3better,e3depen
dinge3one3howe3youe3looke3ate3it."
Tonye3Schwartze3one3electronice3replaye3-
e3ANS--"Electronice3replaye3ise3thee3moste3importante3inventione3sincee3thee3book,e3whiche3w
ase3thee3firste3tangiblee3forme3ofe3replaye3(ate3leaste3aftere3cavee3walle3etchings.)"e3-
Tonye3Schwartz,e3Mediae3thee3Seconde3God
Thee3triumphe3ofe3thee3synthetic-e3Todde3gitline3-e3ANS--formula/
genree3conventions:e3character,e3plot,e3theme,e3motifs,e3setting,e3iconography
networks/
producers:e3showse3havee3ae3samess,e3"ae3looks,"e3feel,e3tone,e3rhythm,e3signaturee3style
Playback:e3one3demands/DVRe3(timee3shifting)
Syndication:e3(distribution)e3offe3networke3"reruns"e3(verye3profitablee3$)
Scheduling:e3alwayse3accessiblee3ande3repeatede3viewing
Reboots:e3backe3bye3populare3demande3ore3agine3shamelesslye3moneye3grab
prequelse3-e3ANS--oppositee3ende3ofe3sequel
focusese3one3thee3eventse3thate3occure3beforee3thee3originale3narrative
formse3ae3backstorye3toe3thee3precedinge3work
"Bettere3Calle3Saul,"e3"Batese3Motel,"e3"Thee3Carriee3Diaries,"
televisionse3recombinante3stylee3-e3ANS---copies/
clonese3(reproducese3formulas)e3(loweste3forme3ofe3imitation)
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
aire3usee3-e3ANS--
Thee3fundamentale3conceptse3relevante3toe3REe3withe3copyrighte3ande3creativee3works,e3insp
iration,e3ande3imitatione3includee3thee3sensee3ofe3ownershipe3ande3intellectuale3property.e3Wh
oe3ise3thee3creatore3ofe3thee3worke3ande3whate3ise3thee3"uniquee3existencee3ofe3thee3worke3ofe3a
rt"e3(Benjamin)
transformativee3faire3usee3-e3ANS--
ae3newere3refinemente3ofe3"faire3use"e3referringe3toe3worke3thate3addse3somethinge3newe3ande3
containse3ae3furthere3purposee3ore3differente3charactere3ande3doese3note3substitutee3fore3thee3
originale3usee3ofe3thee3work
derivativee3faire3usee3-e3ANS--
ae3worke3basede3one3ore3derivede3frome3onee3ore3moree3existinge3works
Commone3derivativee3works:e3translations,e3musicale3arrangements,e3motione3picturee3vers
ione3ofe3literarye3workse3ore3plays,e3arte3reproductions,e3abridgement,e3condensationse3ofe3pr
eexistinge3work
whate3doese3Barthelmee3considere3toe3bee3thee3centrale3principlee3ofe3alle3arte3ine3thee320the3c
enturye3-e3ANS--thee3principlee3ofe3collage
whate3doese3TSe3Eliote3saye3aboute3poetse3-
e3ANS--"Immaturee3poetse3imitate,e3maturee3poetse3steal"
foure3factorse3ofe3measuringe3faire3usee3-e3ANS---Thee3purposee3ande3charactere3ofe3use
-Thee3naturee3ofe3thee3copyrightede3work
-Thee3amounte3ande3substantiale3ofe3thee3portione3taken
-Thee3effecte3ofe3thee3usee3upone3thee3potentiale3market
inspiratione3ore3imitation-e3-e3ANS---
Georgee3Harrisone3"Mye3Sweete3Lord"e3vse3Thee3Chiffonse3"He'se3soe3Fine"e3Harrisone3ise3fo
unde3toe3havee3infringede3copyright
-Campbelle3v.e3Acuffe3Rose,e31994e3Supremee3Courte3Case
Roye3Orbisone3v.e32e3Livee3Crew-
e3Songe3wase3ae3parodye3thate3madee3faire3usee3ofe3thee3originale3song
-
Marvine3Gayee3"Gote3toe3Givee3Ite3Up"e3(1977)e3vs.e3Robine3Thickee3&e3Pharrelle3Williamse3"B
lurrede3Lines"e3(2014)
,Requirede3toe3paye3Gaye/hise3familye3fore3infringement
-Tome3Pettye3"Ie3Won'te3Backe3Down"e3v.e3Same3Smithe3"Staye3Withe3Me"
Pettye3ande3Lynnee3aree3co-creditede3fore3Smith'se3song
-Spirite3"Taurus"e3(1967)e3v.e3Lede3Zeppeline3"Stairwaye3toe3Heaven"e3(1971)
Overturnede3ine3thee3inversee3ratioe3rule
-Jennfiere3Lopeze3"I'me3Glad"e3videoe3(2003)e3v.e3Flashdancee3(1983)
Sonye3Musice3v.e3Paramount
Je3Loe3winse3becausee3casee3ise3dismissed
inversee3ratioe3rulee3-e3ANS--
Toe3provee3copyrighte3infringement,e3ae3plaintiffe3muste3showe3thate3thee3allegede3infringere3h
ade3"access"e3toe3thee3plaintiff'se3work,e3ande3thate3thee3twoe3workse3aree3"substantiallye3simil
ar."e3Thee3inversee3ratioe3rulee3—e3whiche3hade3note3beene3adoptede3ine3othere3circuitse3—
e3helde3thate3thee3moree3accesse3wase3shown,e3thee3lesse3similaritye3wase3requirede3toe3estab
lishe3infringement.e3Thee3rulee3hase3beene3ae3thorne3ine3thee3sidee3ofe3defendantse3—
e3includinge3recorde3labelse3ande3majore3artistse3—e3fore3decades.
dancee3-e3ANS--ase3ae3culturee3forme3ise3inherentlye3RE
Thrillere3-e3ANS--
producede3ine31983,e3approachinge3epice3lengthe3fore3thee3erae3ate313:42e3longe3(ine3contraste
3toe3thee3moree3standarde33-
4e3minutes),e3withe3ane3equallye3strikinge3$500,000e3budget,e3directede3bye3Johne3Landis.e3T
hee3production/performancee3hase3invitede3manye3imitators,e3renditionse3and/ore3parodies
Manye3redos
Southe3Park,e313e3goinge3one330,e3Dancinge3Inmates,e3Worlde3Record....
parodye3-e3ANS--
ane3intentionallye3imitativee3creativee3act,e3worke3(film,e3song,e3magazine,e3sketche3(SNL)e3et
.e3al),e3genre,e3ore3productione3thate3mirrorse3ae3particulare3work,e3performance,e3production,
e3presentatione3bye3emphasizinge3thee3familiare3conventionse3ande3referencee3points,e3prim
arilye3fore3humorouse3(ironic,e3satiric)e3effecte3ore3commente3one3thee3originale3work,e3itse3sub
ject,e3style,e3creatore3.e3Ase3ae3comice3subgenre,e3thee3forme3ise3alsoe3referrede3toe3ase3ae3spo
of,e3send-up,e3take-off,e3lampoon,e3playe3on,e3caricature,e3satire,e3joke,e3mockumentary.
Examples:e3Shaune3ofe3thee3Dead,e3Mele3Brookse3filmse3likee3Blazinge3Saddlese3ore3Younge3
Frankenstein,e3Scarye3Movie,e3Weirde3Ale3Yankovic,e3MADe3magazine,e3Nationale3Lampoo
n,
Policee3Squade3-e3ANS--
Conventionse3ofe3thee3televisione3cope3seriese3genree3(characters,e3dialogue,e3plots,e3settin
gse3etc).e3Evene3playede3withe3episodee3titles:e3Thee3screene3woulde3displaye3ae3differente3titl
ee3whate3thee3announcere3woulde3read:e3Ae3Substantiale3Gifte3(Thee3Brokene3Promise)e3Ring
e3ofe3Feare3(Ae3Dangerouse3Assignment)
Angiee3Tribecae3-e3ANS--(TBS,e32016-
2018)e3Createde3bye3Stevee3ande3Nancye3Carell,e3starringe3Rashidae3Jonese3(daughtere3ofe3
, musice3producere3Quincye3Jonese3ande3thee3latee3Peggye3Liptone3ofe3thee3coole3cope3series,e3
Thee3Mode3Squade3(1968-1973)).e3Thee3Mode3Squad,e3ofe3course,e3wase3Re-
de3intoe3ae3filme3decadese3latere3(1999)
Tribecae3-e3ANS--
Familiare3cope3ande3procedurale3genree3conventionse3ande3characterse3abounde3ine3Tribeca
e3(thee3seriese3note3thee3Newe3Yorke3neighborhood):e3ae3lone-
wolfe3LAPDe3Detectivee3(Angie),e3here3newe3partnere3namede3J.e3Geilse3(borrowede3frome3ae3
well-knowne3latee31960se3rocke3band),e3will-they-won't-
theye3sexuale3tension,e3ane3irritatede3precincte3supervisor/
captain,e3fellowe3detectivese3ande3squad,e3K9e3unit,e3ae3brilliante3medicale3examiner,e3heino
use3crimese3ine3thee3citye3suche3ase3thee3murdere3ofe3ae3ventriloquiste3ande3ae3rashe3ofe3bakere
3suicides.
Shalese3Ree3decadee3-
e3ANS--"Originality e3ase3ae3valuee3hase3becomee3outmodede3ine3thee3Ree3Decade.e3It'se3likee3
gracee3ore3wit:e3somethinge3noe3longere3soughte3ore3prized"
shalese3ree3decadee3-
e3ANS--"Ine3thee3Ree3Decade,e3ite3ise3justifiablee3toe3looke3aboute3thee3videoe3terraine3ande3itse
3jumblee3ofe3warringe3factionse3frome3othere3momentse3neare3ande3fare3ande3conclude:e3there
e3ise3noe3heree3ande3here.e3Theree3wase3noe3thene3ande3then.e3Theree3ise3noe3nowe3now.e3Just
e3videoe3video.e3Televisione3land.e3Cablee3hase3madee3thise3evene3worse,e3ore3better,e3depen
dinge3one3howe3youe3looke3ate3it."
Tonye3Schwartze3one3electronice3replaye3-
e3ANS--"Electronice3replaye3ise3thee3moste3importante3inventione3sincee3thee3book,e3whiche3w
ase3thee3firste3tangiblee3forme3ofe3replaye3(ate3leaste3aftere3cavee3walle3etchings.)"e3-
Tonye3Schwartz,e3Mediae3thee3Seconde3God
Thee3triumphe3ofe3thee3synthetic-e3Todde3gitline3-e3ANS--formula/
genree3conventions:e3character,e3plot,e3theme,e3motifs,e3setting,e3iconography
networks/
producers:e3showse3havee3ae3samess,e3"ae3looks,"e3feel,e3tone,e3rhythm,e3signaturee3style
Playback:e3one3demands/DVRe3(timee3shifting)
Syndication:e3(distribution)e3offe3networke3"reruns"e3(verye3profitablee3$)
Scheduling:e3alwayse3accessiblee3ande3repeatede3viewing
Reboots:e3backe3bye3populare3demande3ore3agine3shamelesslye3moneye3grab
prequelse3-e3ANS--oppositee3ende3ofe3sequel
focusese3one3thee3eventse3thate3occure3beforee3thee3originale3narrative
formse3ae3backstorye3toe3thee3precedinge3work
"Bettere3Calle3Saul,"e3"Batese3Motel,"e3"Thee3Carriee3Diaries,"
televisionse3recombinante3stylee3-e3ANS---copies/
clonese3(reproducese3formulas)e3(loweste3forme3ofe3imitation)
