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NUR 325 Exam 2- Fluid and Electrolyte Questions with Solutions
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NUR 325 Exam 2- Fluid and Electrolyte Questions
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NUR 325 Exam 2- Fluid and ElectrolyteQuestions
A patient with a sodium level of 178 is ordered to be started on 0.45% Saline. What is
the most IMPORTANT nursing intervention for this patient?
A. Maintain patent IV
B. Give rapidly to ensure fluids levels are shifted properly
C. Clarify doctor's order because 0.45% saline is contraindicated in hypernatremia
D. Give slowly and watch for signs and symptoms of cerebral edema - answerD. Give
slowly and watch for signs and symptoms of cerebral edema.
The most important intervention is to give slowly and watch for S&S of cerebral edema
because a hypotonic solution can cause rapid swelling of the cell. Maintain a patent IV
is correct but not the most important option in this scenario.
You have completed diet teaching with a patient who has hypernatremia. Which
statement by the patient causes concern?
A. "I will buy fresh vegetables and fruits."
B. "I will avoid eating canned foods."
C. "I'm glad I can still eat sandwiches with bologna."
D. "I will avoid cooking with butter." - answerC. "I'm glad I can still eat sandwiches with
bologna."
Foods to AVOID are: bacon, butter, canned foods, lunch meat, hot dogs or processed
foods
A patient with Cushing's Syndrome has been experiencing an infection and has a fever
of 102'F. On assessment, you find the patient to be confused, restless, has dry mucous
membranes, and flushed skin. Which finding below correlates with the presentation of
this patient?
A. Sodium level of 144
B. Sodium level of 115
C. Sodium level of 170
D. Sodium level of 135 - answerC. Sodium level of 170
Cushing's is an indicator for hypernatremia and normal sodium ranges are 135-145.
170 is higher, think hyper=high
Which patient below is considered hypernatremic?
A. A patient with a sodium level of 155
B. A patient with a sodium level of 145
, C. A patient with a sodium level of 120
D. A patient with a sodium level of 136 - answerA. A patient with a sodium level of 155
Normal sodium ranges are 135-145.
155 is higher than 145, think hyper=high
A patient with hypovolemic hyponatremia is started on IV fluids. Which of the following
fluids do you expect the patient to be started on?
A. 0.45% Saline
B. 3% Saline
C. D5W
D. 0.33% Saline - answerB. 3% Saline because patients with hyponatremia are started
on a hypertonic solution, (the circulatory system is dehydrated & and the cells are
swollen...so a hypertonic solution will shrink the cells and increase fluid volume) and 3%
Saline is the only hypertonic solutions. The other options are either hypotonic or
isotonic.
A patient has a sodium level of 119. Which of the following is NOT related to this
finding?
A. Over secretion of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
B. Low salt diet
C. Inadequate water intake
D. Hypotonic fluid infusion (overload) - answerC. Inadequate water intake
Which patient below is at risk for experiencing Hypovolemic Hyponatremia?
A. Patient with congestive heart failure
B. Patient with cirrhosis of the liver
C. Patient on IV saline at 250 cc/hr
D. Patient with nasogastric tube suction experiencing diarrhea - answerD. Patient with
nasogastric tube suction experiencing diarrhea
Actual sodium deficit risk factors for hyponatremia include NG tube suction of gastric
contents.
(Hypovolemic also relates to dehydration. Think loss of fluids related to diarrhea)
A patient has a sodium level of 130. What is this condition called?
A. Hyponatremia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Normal Sodium Level
D. Hypercalcemia - answerA. Hyponatremia
Normal ranges are 135-145.
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