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NSG 6430 Midterm Exam Study Guide/ NS 6430 Midterm Exam Study Guide: South University (Complete Solution Guides, Already Graded A)
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NSG6430 Midterm Exam Study GuideMidterm Womens gynecological health
Menstrual Cycle Physiology (from Chapter 5)
Menstrual phase - endometrium becomes very thin d/t low estrogen levels
- Hypophysis secretes more FSH
- FSH stimulates secretion of estrogen and estrogen serves as proliferation signal to
the endometrial basal layer
- Follicular phase
- Follicles secrete as they mature, increasing amts of estrogen which thickens the
new functional layer of endometrium in uterus
-simulates crypts in cervix to produce fertile cervical mucus
-end of phase= ovulation
Menstrual Cycle Pain and Premenstrual Conditions
- Dysmenorrhea- originates from uterine cx during menstrual phase, triggers
prostaglandin production and release. This increases contraction of uterus,
reduces uterine blood flow, and causes ischemia/pain
Risk factors- age <30, smoking, bmi<20, early menarche, hx pelvic
surgery, depression
Primary- 6-12 months after menarche, continues 8-72 hours into cycle
Secondary- caused by pelvic pathology, pain increases over time, occurs
before, during, and after menses
Adenomysis, IBS, endometriosis, leiomyoma, interstitial cystitis
- #1 cause of secondary dysmenorrhea is endometriosis- it causes tissue to attach to
surrounding organs and breaks off and bleeds. Patients can also have constipation,
diarrhea, and bloating.
1. Which uterine positions is most associated with dysparenunia and dysmenorrhea
- Retroverted and retroflexed
2. Post coital bleeding
- Atrophic vaginitis
3. PMS occurs with greatest frequency and severity in
- Late luteal phase
4. Which layer of the ovaries contains lymphatics and blood vessels
- Central medulla
Normal and Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
- Structural
P- Polyps- deep bright red growths, bleed easily
A- Adenomyosis- occurs in multiparous, over age 40, occurs with
tamoxifen use
L- Leiomyoma- fibroids- leading indication for hysterectomy
M- Malignancy- hyperplasia
- Non-structural
, C- Coagulopathy- von willebrands disease (easy bruising, bleeds heavy)
O- Ovulatory dysfunction- anovulation (occurs with pregnancy, bmi<18,
lactation, excessive exercise, perimenopause, pcos, thyroid/pituitary
issues)
E- Endometrial- predictive, cyclic manner, can also be caused by
chlamydia/gonorrhea
I- Iatrogenic- example- mirena, skyla, SSRIs
N- Not yet classified
Women’s Health from a Feminist Perspective
- Characteristics of a feminist perspective include the use of critical analysis to
question assumptions about societal expectations and the value of various roles on
both sociopolitical and individual levels
Women’s Growth and Development Across the Lifespan
1. Lobar growth and alveolar budding of the breast is directly stimulated by
- Progesterone
Using Evidence to Support Clinical Practice
Health Promotion
- Primary
Prevention of disease
- Secondary
Early detection
- Tertiary
Limit disability and promote rehab
- Recommended topics for health promotion according to USPSTF
Alcohol use
Breastfeeding
Diet/exercise
STIs
Skin cancer
Tobacco use
Gynecologic Anatomy and Physiology
1. Procidentia describes uterine descent beyond the
- Vulva
2. In characterizing the degree of prolapse, a situation where the leading part of the
prolapse is more than 1cm beyond the hymen but less than or equal to the toal
vaginal length is defined as
- Stage 3
3. First sign of virilization is
- Enlargement of the clitoris
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