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CPSY Exam Questions With Verified AnswersThe mechanism by which cultural tools organize people's activities is known as:
a)mediation
b)facilitation
c)enhancement
d)moderation - ANSWER a) mediation
What is the main focus of study for developmental scientists interested in the
"biocultural foundations" of development?
a) to investigate how culture influences development
b) to investigate how genetic heritage influences development
c) to investigate the unique contributions that biological and cultural factors make to
development
d) to investigate how biology and culture interact to shape development - ANSWER d) to
investigate how biology and culture interact to shape development
Investigations of historical beliefs about childhood reveal that:
a) the ways that people think about childhood have remained consistent over time.
b) there have been many views about childhood over time.
c) childhood has always been viewed as a distinct period of development.
d) until modern times, children were viewed as innately good. - ANSWER c) childhood
has always been viewed as a distinct period of development.
If an investigator found a +.50 correlation between parents' vocabularies and their
children's vocabularies, it would mean that:
a) children know about half as many words as their parents.
b) the more words parents know, the more words their children know.
c) by talking to them, parents increase their children's vocabularies.
d) the relationship between parents' and children's vocabularies is too small to be of
significance. - ANSWER b) the more words parents know, the more words their children
know.
,Itard worked with Victor, the Wild Boy of Aveyron, to test what theory?
a) The social environment shapes children's development.
b) Victor was mentally impaired since birth.
c) Victor suffered from autism spectrum disorder.
d) The French monarchy did not adequately educate peasants. - ANSWER a) The social
environment shapes children's development.
Mrs. Phelps has just read in a parenting magazine that if she does not begin reading to
her daughter during her daughter's first year of life, Leanne will not learn to read well
after beginning school. This parenting advice reflects the influence of which
developmental concept?
a) the constructivist framework
b) representative sampling
c) the biological-maturation framework
d) critical or sensitive periods - ANSWER d) critical or sensitive periods
Erikson departed from Freud's basic ideas about development by arguing that:
a) development proceeds through a series of stages.
b) the developmental process is essentially complete by the end of adolescence.
c) biological drives motivate all human action.
d) social and cultural factors play critical roles in development. - ANSWER d) social and
cultural factors play critical roles in development.
Culture is transmitted and transformed via "social enhancement" when:
a) children observe and copy the behaviors of others.
b) children spontaneously use the cultural tools available to them in their environment.
c) children are aided in their activities by others who have more knowledge and skill.
d) children are directly taught how to use cultural tools. - ANSWER b) children
spontaneously use the cultural tools available to them in their environment.
A researcher who investigates the accuracy of children's testimony in cases of abuse is
likely to be engaged in:
a) basic research.
b) action research.
,c) exploratory research.
d) applied research. - ANSWER d) applied research.
The only way to determine whether a particular factor causes an event or a behavior is
to:
a) conduct an experiment.
b) tailor study techniques to the individual subject.
c) determine if the event is correlated with environmental factors.
d) observe subjects in a naturalistic setting. - ANSWER a) conduct an experiment.
When event A and event B are positively correlated:
a) either A causes B, or B causes A.
b) A causes B.
c) it is almost certain that they are not causally related.
d) we can never be certain if A and B are causally related. - ANSWER d) we can never be
certain if A and B are causally related.
Behaviorist theory explains that learning occurs when individuals modify their behaviors
as a result of:
a) receiving rewards and punishments.
b) establishing a sense of personal identity.
c) constructing higher levels of knowledge.
d) being challenged within their zone of proximal development. - ANSWER a) receiving
rewards and punishments.
Which of the following represents a consensus of opinion among modern psychologists
about human development?
a) No single theoretical framework adequately characterizes all of development.
b) Erikson's description of the challenges faced by individuals over the lifespan are
sufficient to understand the process of development.
c) Piaget's stage theory is an accurate description of development through
adolescence.
d) The sociocultural approach offers the optimal approach to understanding
development. - ANSWER a) No single theoretical framework adequately characterizes
all of development.
, How did the Industrial Revolution influence the discipline of developmental science?
a) It led scientists to study how the transforming roles of children influenced their
growth.
b) It led the majority of scientists to be interested in proving how genetic factors drive
development.
c) It led the majority of scientists to encourage parents to send their children to work for
12 hours each day.
d) It led scientists to examine the role that growing up on farms played in human
development. - ANSWER a) It led scientists to study how the transforming roles of
children influenced their growth.
The group in an experimental study that is as similar as possible to the experimental
group, but does not receive the experimental manipulation, is the:
a) hypothetical group.
b) control group.
c) observational group.
d) experimental group. - ANSWER a) control group.
The method of treatment used by proponents of a psychodynamic approach is called:
a) modeling.
b) behavior modification.
c) psychoanalysis.
d) assimilation. - ANSWER c) psychoanalysis.
According to the ____________ perspective, unresolved traumatic experiences in
childhood underlie adult psychological functioning.
a) psychodynamic
b) constructivist
c) social learning
d) sociocultural - ANSWER a) psychodynamic
Developmental psychologists are interested in:
a) describing general developmental trajectories.
b) the ways in which genetic heredity and environment interact to contribute to
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