ACLS questions with verified answers
A 59 yo patient is reporting difficulty breathing. Physical exam reveals nasal
flaring, intercostal interaction and use of accessory muscles. RR is 28 breaths per
minute. O2 sat is 92% PTCO2 is 36 mmHg. How would you categorize this patent's
condition? Ans✓✓✓ Respiratory distress
A 75 yo patient is having difficulty breathing, with increased respiratory effort.
The patient has history of emphysema. The patient is drowsy, auscultation reveals
bilateral wheezing, although the lung sounds are difficult to appreciate. RR is
38/min. O2 sat = 85%, PETCO2= 49mmHg. How would you categorize this
patient's condition? Ans✓✓✓ Respiratory failure
A patient with suspected opioid poisoning is not breathing normally but has a
pulse. What is your next step? Ans✓✓✓ Provide rescue breathing and give
naloxone
A patient with ventricular assist device (VAD) is not breathing, has signs of
inadequate perfusion, and is unconscious. You determine the VAD is functioning.
After endotracheal intubation, the patient has a PETCO2 of 12 mmHg. What is
your next action? Ans✓✓✓ Perform external chest compressions
A patient without dyspnea has signs of acute coronary syndrome. There are no
obvious signs of heart failure. You assess a noninvasively monitored
oxyhemoglobin saturation. What is the oxygen saturation threshold below which
supplemental oxygen would be required? Ans✓✓✓ 90%
Among others, which factor has been associated with improved survival in
patients with cardiac arrest? Ans✓✓✓ Immediate high- quality CPR
,An 18 yo patient is reporting difficulty breathing and is displaying increased
respiratory effort. Auscultation reveals bilateral wheezing; the respiratory rate is
28 breaths per minute. Oxygen saturations is 91%. PETCO2 is 44 mmHg. How
would you categorize this patient's condition? Ans✓✓✓ Respiratory distress
Coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) equals aortic ---- pressure minus right atrial
diastolic pressure. Ans✓✓✓ diastolic
Depending on training and individual circumstances how can rescuers administer
naloxone? Ans✓✓✓ Intranasally, intravenously, intramuscularly
During CPR, chest compression fraction (CCF) should be at least --- and ideally
greater than 80%. Ans✓✓✓ 60%
During the management of a patient in cardiac arrest, you have initiated CPR,
attached the manual defibrillator, delivered the first shock, and immediately
resumed high quality CPR, beginning with chest compressions. What is your next
intervention? Ans✓✓✓ Establish IV or IO access
During the post-cardiac arrest care period, the 12-lead EKG reveals ST-segment
elevation myocardial infraction. Which step has the highest priority? Ans✓✓✓
Coronary angiography
During the post-cardiac arrest care phase, your team has optimized the patient's
oxygenation, ventilation, and hemodynamic status. The patient's 12-lead EKG
identifies St-segment elevation MI, and the patient is being prepped for transport
to the cath lab to undergo coronary reperfusion therapy. Why is it important to
assess the patient's ability to follow commands? Ans✓✓✓ To determine the
need for targeted temperature management
, EKG: during the EKG you note the presence of more P waves than QRS complexes.
You also note all PR intervals have a uniform length but random QRS complexes
are dropped. What type of atrioventricular block is most likely present? Ans✓✓✓
2nd degree AV block- Type II
EKG: you note presence of more P waves than QRS complexes. You also note the
absence of a relationship between P waves and QRS complexes. What type of
atrioventricular block is most likely present? Ans✓✓✓ 3rd degree Av block
Evidence suggests that there is a higher likelihood of good to excellent functional
outcome when alteplase is given to adults with an acute ischemic stroke within
what time frame? Ans✓✓✓ 3 hours
Generally speaking, electrical cardioversion is not recommended as the initial
therapy for patients unless the heart rate is above Ans✓✓✓ 150/min
How do interruptions in chest compressions negatively impact survival after
cardiac arrest? Ans✓✓✓ Decrease coronary perfusion pressure
How long should the second rescuer squeeze the bag mask device when providing
2-rescuer ventilation? Ans✓✓✓ 1 second
How long should you wait to determine the neurologic prognosis of a patient
treated with targeted temperature management after the patient returns to
normothermia? Ans✓✓✓ 72 hours
A 59 yo patient is reporting difficulty breathing. Physical exam reveals nasal
flaring, intercostal interaction and use of accessory muscles. RR is 28 breaths per
minute. O2 sat is 92% PTCO2 is 36 mmHg. How would you categorize this patent's
condition? Ans✓✓✓ Respiratory distress
A 75 yo patient is having difficulty breathing, with increased respiratory effort.
The patient has history of emphysema. The patient is drowsy, auscultation reveals
bilateral wheezing, although the lung sounds are difficult to appreciate. RR is
38/min. O2 sat = 85%, PETCO2= 49mmHg. How would you categorize this
patient's condition? Ans✓✓✓ Respiratory failure
A patient with suspected opioid poisoning is not breathing normally but has a
pulse. What is your next step? Ans✓✓✓ Provide rescue breathing and give
naloxone
A patient with ventricular assist device (VAD) is not breathing, has signs of
inadequate perfusion, and is unconscious. You determine the VAD is functioning.
After endotracheal intubation, the patient has a PETCO2 of 12 mmHg. What is
your next action? Ans✓✓✓ Perform external chest compressions
A patient without dyspnea has signs of acute coronary syndrome. There are no
obvious signs of heart failure. You assess a noninvasively monitored
oxyhemoglobin saturation. What is the oxygen saturation threshold below which
supplemental oxygen would be required? Ans✓✓✓ 90%
Among others, which factor has been associated with improved survival in
patients with cardiac arrest? Ans✓✓✓ Immediate high- quality CPR
,An 18 yo patient is reporting difficulty breathing and is displaying increased
respiratory effort. Auscultation reveals bilateral wheezing; the respiratory rate is
28 breaths per minute. Oxygen saturations is 91%. PETCO2 is 44 mmHg. How
would you categorize this patient's condition? Ans✓✓✓ Respiratory distress
Coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) equals aortic ---- pressure minus right atrial
diastolic pressure. Ans✓✓✓ diastolic
Depending on training and individual circumstances how can rescuers administer
naloxone? Ans✓✓✓ Intranasally, intravenously, intramuscularly
During CPR, chest compression fraction (CCF) should be at least --- and ideally
greater than 80%. Ans✓✓✓ 60%
During the management of a patient in cardiac arrest, you have initiated CPR,
attached the manual defibrillator, delivered the first shock, and immediately
resumed high quality CPR, beginning with chest compressions. What is your next
intervention? Ans✓✓✓ Establish IV or IO access
During the post-cardiac arrest care period, the 12-lead EKG reveals ST-segment
elevation myocardial infraction. Which step has the highest priority? Ans✓✓✓
Coronary angiography
During the post-cardiac arrest care phase, your team has optimized the patient's
oxygenation, ventilation, and hemodynamic status. The patient's 12-lead EKG
identifies St-segment elevation MI, and the patient is being prepped for transport
to the cath lab to undergo coronary reperfusion therapy. Why is it important to
assess the patient's ability to follow commands? Ans✓✓✓ To determine the
need for targeted temperature management
, EKG: during the EKG you note the presence of more P waves than QRS complexes.
You also note all PR intervals have a uniform length but random QRS complexes
are dropped. What type of atrioventricular block is most likely present? Ans✓✓✓
2nd degree AV block- Type II
EKG: you note presence of more P waves than QRS complexes. You also note the
absence of a relationship between P waves and QRS complexes. What type of
atrioventricular block is most likely present? Ans✓✓✓ 3rd degree Av block
Evidence suggests that there is a higher likelihood of good to excellent functional
outcome when alteplase is given to adults with an acute ischemic stroke within
what time frame? Ans✓✓✓ 3 hours
Generally speaking, electrical cardioversion is not recommended as the initial
therapy for patients unless the heart rate is above Ans✓✓✓ 150/min
How do interruptions in chest compressions negatively impact survival after
cardiac arrest? Ans✓✓✓ Decrease coronary perfusion pressure
How long should the second rescuer squeeze the bag mask device when providing
2-rescuer ventilation? Ans✓✓✓ 1 second
How long should you wait to determine the neurologic prognosis of a patient
treated with targeted temperature management after the patient returns to
normothermia? Ans✓✓✓ 72 hours
