NCLEX

1. A two-month-old is showing signs and symptoms of heart failure. An echocardiogram is ordered. The test shows the infant has a ventricular septal defect (VSD). Which statement below best describes the blood flow in the heart due to this congenital heart defect? A. “The blood in the heart is shunting from the right ventricle to the left ventricle, which is increasing pulmonary blood flow.” B. “The blood in the heart is shunting from the left ventricle to the right ventri...

1. True or False: Atrial septal defects are characterized by a hole in the interatrial septum that allows blood to mix in the right and left atria, which are the lower chambers of the heart. The answer is FALSE. Atrial septal defects are characterized by a hole in the interatrial septum that allows blood to mix in the right and left atria, which are the UPPER (not lower) chambers of the heart. 2. A patient is diagnosed with a large atrial septal defect. You’re providing information for the p...

1. A 15-month-old child weighs 26 lbs. and is 35 inches. What type of car seat below is considered the SAFEST for this child to use while riding in a motor vehicle? A. rear-facing B. forward-facing C. booster seat D. seat belt The answer is A. According the AAP (American Academy of Pediatrics) a child should use a rear-facing car seat starting at birth and up until the time the child outgrows the device based on the manufacture’s limits. This typically is until about 4 years of age. In 20...

1. Select all the true statements about the aorta: A. “The ascending aorta branches off to supply the coronary arteries of the heart.” B. “It’s the third largest artery in the body.” C. “The aorta comes off the right ventricle and supplies oxygenated blood to the body.” D. “The aortic arch branches off to supply the head, neck, and upper extremities.” The answers are A and D. These statements are true about the aorta. Option B is wrong because the aorta...

1. Which statement is correct regarding the role of the epiglottis? A. This structure prevents food from entering the nasopharynx. B. The epiglottis helps with vocal cord vibration. C. After swallowing this structure moves downward to prevent swallowed contents from entering the trachea. D. The epiglottis is found in between the vocal folds. The answer is C. Option A is wrong because this is the role of the uvula (NOT epiglottis). Option B is wrong because this is the role of the GLOTTIS (n...

1. During a routine pediatric visit, a 2 month old patient will need which of the following vaccines? A. MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) B. Hepatitis A C. Hepatitis B D. DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis) E. Hib (Haemophilus Influenzae Type B) F. Varicella G. Polio H. RV (Rotavirus) I. PCV (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine) The answers are C, D, E, G, H, and I. At 2 months the patient should receive: DTaP, Hepatitis B, Hib, Polio, RV, and PCV. 2. A mother calls the pediatric clinic to ...

1. A 4 year old is admitted to your unit with a severe case of impetigo. It is important the nurse follows _______________ while providing care to this patient: A. Droplet precautions B. Standard precautions only C. Contact precautions D. Airborne precaution The answer is C. The nurse will follow contact precautions, which includes following standard precautions as well. Impetigo is a HIGHLY contagious skin infection. Therefore, the nurse should always where a gown and gloves when providing...

1. You’re assessing a 10-month-old infant. You note on examination the anterior fontanelle is open. The nurse will: A. Document this as an abnormal finding because this fontanelle should close at 2 months B. Document this as a normal finding because this fontanelle closes at about 18 months C. Document this as a normal finding because this fontanelle closes at about 12 months D. Document this as an abnormal finding because this fontanelle should close at 6 months The answer is B. This is ...

1. During an assessment of an infant, you note that when the infant’s head is turned to the right side, the leg and arm on the right side will extend, while the leg and arm on the left side will flex. You document this as what type of reflex? A. Rooting Reflex B. Sucking Reflex C. Moro Reflex D. Tonic Neck Reflex The answer is D. When the infant’s head is turned to a particular side, the leg and arm on that side will extend, while the leg and arm on the opposite side will flex. 2. Sele...