Resume
EUGIC: very brief summary
- Cours
- Établissement
- Book
Very brief summary of the most important points from my longer summary.
[Montrer plus]
Livre connecté
Titre de l’ouvrage:
Auteur(s):
- Édition:
- ISBN:
- Édition:
Plus de résumés pour
-
Keypoints European policy and politics
-
European Governance in International context
-
All lectures + literature EUGIC 2021/2022 (book & articles)
Vendeur
S'abonner
meneer214
Avis reçus
Aperçu du contenu
Brief summary EUGICWeek 1: Course Immersion Week
• Reasons for establishing the ECSC (European Coal and Steel Community)
• WW2: 6 founding members (NL, BE, LUX, FRA, IT, GER) fear war, with production overlook this was less likely.
• Europe had to get back on its feet economically
• Since 2008, several crises: economic/ nancial crisis, refugee/migration crisis, populism, Brexit and covid => criticism on European
integration = technocratic governance & failing to deliver what it had promised
• Institutions of the EU: European Commission, European Parliament, the Council of the EU, the European Court of Justice, ECB, European
Council
• Copenhagen criteria = criteria that countries that wish to join have to meet: working market economies, liberal democracies and acquis
communautaire.
• Sources of the Budget: custom duties/sugar levies, percentage of VAT in member states and 1% of GNI
• Wallace and Reh describe 5 types of policy making: classical community method, EU regulatory mode, EU distributional mode, policy
coordination mode and intensive transgovernmentalism
Week 2: Introduction and Historical Process of European Integration
• Pan-Europa Movement = during interbellum writers should strive for united states of Europe in order to prevent war
• D. Mitrany = “a working peace system” => functionalism, if states are interdependent, they won’t go to war.
• Treaty of Dunkirk 1947, UK and France cooperation against repeating Germany
• Treaty of Brussels = + Benelux countries
• 1949 — NATO on the basis of these treaties + USA
• Schuman Declaration = 1950, French foreign minister proposed plan to Germany production coal and steel in higher power.
• Paris Treaty 1951 establishing ECSC + Benelux (because war is in their territory) & Italy (revival from Mussolini) = 6
• EDC = European Defense Community = Korean War
• EPC = European Political Community => defense is useless without same political goal
• WEU = Western European Union, group of extra tied European countries for defense
• 1957, Treaty of Rome: establishing common market with EEC & Euratom
• 1959, EFTA with European countries against EEC + was looser and more intergovernmental
• Cold War brings dilemma for USA; Europe is split in 2… USA supports EEC for political goal. UK member of EEC? => Veto of De
Gaulle, UK will promote American interests
• OEEC task to economic development & Marshall Plan of USA among 17 “West European” countries.
• 1965, countries want to join EEC. Empty Chair Crisis: France stopped coming to Council because agricultural policy. Because of QMV
where bigger countries were in minority, they expected this would work against them only.
• Luxembourg Compromise 1966 => if country declares it is of vital national interest, vote will not take place in Council (veto right that
had not existed until then!)
• 1973 => enlargement, UK, Denmark and Ireland
• Structural Funds = assist economic less-developed member states
• Eurosclerosis = in 1970s because of international currency instability, oil crisis and in ation less enthusiasm about European
integration.
• Rebate = UK asks in 1981 for payments back because big wealthy countries pay too much for poorer agricultural funds
• Elysée Treaty = 1963, France and Germany bond = very close, in 2019 Aachen Treaty, the two countries may represent each other in
nancial meetings (very rare!)
• 1986 => Single Market Act —> established in 1992
• Germany was uni ed, which caused some fear, but chose clearly European side and NATO
• Maastricht Treaty 1993 established the European Union! Single Market + single currency (EMU) + security policy.
• EU after Maastricht would be characterized by di erentiation = semi-permanent di erentiation between member states in policy areas,
lacked uniformity. Always been the case, but given time to x this.
• Amsterdam Treaty 1997 furthers foreign and defense policy: some EU countries were neutral/couldn’t become members of NATO +
review the Union and revise in line with objectives. Integrationist vs. intergovernmentalists like UK.
• 2000 IGC => Amsterdam leftovers, enlargement was frightening + applying countries were transforming. Treaty of Nice = 2001 =>
QMV, yellow card procedure, each member state 1 commissioner. Future of Europe debate + constitutionalization.
• 2002 = introduction of the Euro
• Huge expansion with 10 countries in 2004 with the Copenhagen Criteria
• CT was amended, more focus on democracy and e ciency. However, Constitutional Treaty rejected by France and Netherlands
referendum. Rati cation crisis
• 2007 = Lisbon Treaty => amending treaty altered the CT to TEU and TFEU. Less constitutional language. Irish voters still against. Made
the Spitzenkandidaten procedure possible.
• Shows the democratic de cit the EU faced and still faces!
• Unanimity = emergency brakes!
• Deepening & widening integration => intensi cation of integration processes vs enlargement in terms of member states.
• Communitarization = When tasks or objectives are shifted from the responsibility of the member states to the responsibility of the
community.
• Petersbergs tasks = Humanitarian and rescue tasks, peacekeeping and crisis management including peacemaking.
Week 3: Theories of Integration and Institutions of the EU
• Theories of integration:
• Classic integration theories => both want to understand and explain the process of integration
• Neofunctionalism = more optimist = constructivism
• Driving force = non-state actors, like the ECJ, Commission, public opinion etc.
• Core features
• Spillover => cooperation in one policy area creates pressure in neighboring areas to also cooperate/integrate. 3 types:
Functional/technical => interdependencies between issue areas, Political => lobby for additional integration, Cultivated
=> entrepreneurial activities of supranational actors
• Important role of non-state actors
• Elitist approach => elite has loyalty towards EU and want it to succeed.
• Criticisms: slow pace of integration, nation-states are still important and too technical/funcitonalist & lacks understanding of
legitimacy
fi
fifi fi fi fi ffffi fi ff fl
Les avantages d'acheter des résumés chez Stuvia:
Qualité garantie par les avis des clients
Les clients de Stuvia ont évalués plus de 700 000 résumés. C'est comme ça que vous savez que vous achetez les meilleurs documents.
L’achat facile et rapide
Vous pouvez payer rapidement avec iDeal, carte de crédit ou Stuvia-crédit pour les résumés. Il n'y a pas d'adhésion nécessaire.
Focus sur l’essentiel
Vos camarades écrivent eux-mêmes les notes d’étude, c’est pourquoi les documents sont toujours fiables et à jour. Cela garantit que vous arrivez rapidement au coeur du matériel.
Foire aux questions
Qu'est-ce que j'obtiens en achetant ce document ?
Vous obtenez un PDF, disponible immédiatement après votre achat. Le document acheté est accessible à tout moment, n'importe où et indéfiniment via votre profil.
Garantie de remboursement : comment ça marche ?
Notre garantie de satisfaction garantit que vous trouverez toujours un document d'étude qui vous convient. Vous remplissez un formulaire et notre équipe du service client s'occupe du reste.
Auprès de qui est-ce que j'achète ce résumé ?
Stuvia est une place de marché. Alors, vous n'achetez donc pas ce document chez nous, mais auprès du vendeur meneer214. Stuvia facilite les paiements au vendeur.
Est-ce que j'aurai un abonnement?
Non, vous n'achetez ce résumé que pour €2,99. Vous n'êtes lié à rien après votre achat.
Peut-on faire confiance à Stuvia ?
4.6 étoiles sur Google & Trustpilot (+1000 avis)
71498 résumés ont été vendus ces 30 derniers jours
Fondée en 2010, la référence pour acheter des résumés depuis déjà 14 ans