Resume
Samenvatting Inequality & Social Exclusion SOTA
- Établissement
- Universiteit Antwerpen (UA)
Engelstalige samenvatting van de slides en eigen aantekeningen van alle lessen.
[Montrer plus]
Aperçu du contenu
Contents1 Social exclusion, inequality and poverty: conceptual exploration.......................................................5
1.1 Social exclusion: polysemic concept.............................................................................................5
1.1.1 History...................................................................................................................................5
1.1.2 A polysemic concept..............................................................................................................5
1.1.3 Three paradigms....................................................................................................................5
1.1.4 Defining the concept: from social difference to social exclusion...........................................7
1.2 Poverty.........................................................................................................................................8
1.2.1 Poverty as a form of social exclusion.....................................................................................8
1.2.2 Six perspectives on poverty...................................................................................................9
1.2.3 Anti-poverty policy: views on poverty from 18 th century until today.....................................9
2 Poverty reduction in Rich Countries: the grand story........................................................................12
2.1 The founding father’s dream......................................................................................................12
2.2 Disappointing poverty trends.....................................................................................................13
2.3 Why?...........................................................................................................................................14
2.3.1 Societal changes..................................................................................................................14
2.3.2 So why stagnating/increasing poverty rates?......................................................................16
2.3.3 Karl Polanyi’s “The great transformation”...........................................................................19
2.3.4 Cracks in policy paradigm....................................................................................................19
2.4 Social fabrics at work..................................................................................................................20
2.5 The ecological revolution............................................................................................................20
2.6 What can be done?.....................................................................................................................20
2.6.1 Decent Incomes for all : how to get there ?.........................................................................21
2.6.2 Towards a new social contract.............................................................................................21
3 Social indicators.................................................................................................................................21
3.1 Lisbon strategy (2000-2010).......................................................................................................21
3.2 Sources of indicators..................................................................................................................22
3.3 EU 2020 Target...........................................................................................................................22
3.3.1 Arope...................................................................................................................................22
3.3.2 Employment........................................................................................................................23
3.3.3 Income.................................................................................................................................25
3.3.4 Poverty.................................................................................................................................25
3.3.5 Social protection..................................................................................................................26
3.3.6 Other dimensions................................................................................................................26
3.4 Conclusions.................................................................................................................................27
1
,4 Urban Poverty....................................................................................................................................27
4.1 The global city between competitiveness and social cohesion...................................................27
4.1.1 On Words: cohesion and competitiveness...........................................................................27
4.1.2 The globalization of cities....................................................................................................28
4.2 “New” urban poverty, segregation and neighborhood effects...................................................31
4.2.1 What is new Urban Poverty?...............................................................................................31
4.2.2 Segregation..........................................................................................................................32
4.2.3 Neighborhood effects..........................................................................................................32
4.3 Gentrification and social mix......................................................................................................33
5 Adequacy and affordability: what can be learned from reference budgets ?....................................33
5.1 Poverty in Europe.......................................................................................................................33
5.2 Why and how to assess the adequacy of incomes......................................................................33
5.3 The at-risk-of-poverty indicator..................................................................................................34
5.3.1 Definition.............................................................................................................................34
5.3.2 Benefits................................................................................................................................34
5.3.3 Criticism...............................................................................................................................34
5.4 Reference budgets......................................................................................................................35
5.4.1 Methodology.......................................................................................................................35
5.4.2 Cross-nationally comparable RB’s........................................................................................35
5.5 The use of reference budgets.....................................................................................................36
5.5.1 The concrete meaning of the poverty line...........................................................................36
5.5.2 The adequacy of minimum income protection....................................................................37
5.6 Covid...........................................................................................................................................39
5.7 An adequate income: in practice?..............................................................................................39
5.8 Conclusions.................................................................................................................................40
6 The cultural dimensions of poverty and wealth................................................................................40
6.1 Is there a culture of poverty?.....................................................................................................40
6.1.1 The culture of poverty thesis...............................................................................................40
6.1.2 Socio-cultural dimensions of poverty: Steenssens...............................................................40
6.2 Reconsidering culture and poverty.............................................................................................41
6.2.1 Combining structuralist and culturalist explanations...........................................................41
6.2.2 Cultural dimension taken seriously, but reconceptualized..................................................42
6.2.3 Causal pathways to inequality.............................................................................................42
6.2.4 Narratives of social mobility................................................................................................43
6.3 The daily life of the super-rich....................................................................................................44
7 Old and new policy paradigms: what can be done?..........................................................................44
2
, 7.1 Climate change...........................................................................................................................44
7.1.1 Degrowth.............................................................................................................................45
7.2 Causes of poverty and social exclusion in the rich world............................................................46
7.2.1 Apocalyps or paths to paradise?..........................................................................................46
7.2.2 Horsemen: causes................................................................................................................46
7.3 Paradigms of welfare state.........................................................................................................46
7.3.1 Social assistance: Robin Hood..............................................................................................46
7.3.2 Social insurance: Piggy Bank................................................................................................47
7.3.3 Social investment: the Lion..................................................................................................47
7.3.4 Social innovation: the Butterflies.........................................................................................47
7.3.5 Basic income?......................................................................................................................48
7.4 Inherent tensions of welfare state..............................................................................................48
7.5 Welfare state efforts...................................................................................................................48
7.5.1 Not enough..........................................................................................................................50
7.6 New policy paradigms: end of cheap talk about poverty reduction...........................................51
7.6.1 Paradox of social investment state......................................................................................51
7.6.2 Social innovation..................................................................................................................51
7.6.3 Basic income........................................................................................................................51
7.7 Conclusion..................................................................................................................................52
8 Food Banks: Enemy or friend of welfare state?.................................................................................52
8.1 History........................................................................................................................................53
8.1.1 Leeflonen.............................................................................................................................53
8.1.2 FEBA.....................................................................................................................................53
8.1.3 Food banks in Belgium.........................................................................................................53
8.2 What does it mean to receive food aid?.....................................................................................53
8.3 Innovations.................................................................................................................................54
8.4 FEAD...........................................................................................................................................54
8.4.1 Mission................................................................................................................................55
8.4.2 Budget.................................................................................................................................55
8.4.3 Fead in Belgium...................................................................................................................57
8.5 Conclusion..................................................................................................................................57
9 Vlaams Jaarboek Armoede en Sociale Uitsluiting..............................................................................58
9.1 Focus on pandemic.....................................................................................................................58
9.2 Why disappointing stability/trend?............................................................................................58
9.3 Sien Winters: Flemish living monitor..........................................................................................58
9.4 Equal opportunities in Flemish education..................................................................................59
3
, 9.5 Access to justice and legal aid?...................................................................................................59
9.6 Structural poverty reduction......................................................................................................59
9.6.1 Criteria.................................................................................................................................59
9.6.2 Examples..............................................................................................................................59
9.7 Pandemic and inequality: lessons from the past........................................................................60
9.7.1 Impact income inequality?...................................................................................................60
9.7.2 uneven contagion-, morbidity and mortality risk.................................................................60
9.7.3 Unequal Social Consequences.............................................................................................60
9.8 Increased vulnerability of refugees.............................................................................................61
9.9 Unequal access to food...............................................................................................................61
9.9.1 Access to food......................................................................................................................61
9.9.2 Food injustice during pandemic...........................................................................................61
9.10 Unequal vaccination?...............................................................................................................61
9.11 Global inequalities....................................................................................................................62
9.12 Lessons.....................................................................................................................................62
9.13 Poverty, COVID-19 and the Belgian welfare state.....................................................................62
9.13.1 Triumph of welfare state?.................................................................................................62
9.13.2 The downside.....................................................................................................................63
9.13.3 Belgian welfare state not ready for future........................................................................63
9.13.4 Conclusion.........................................................................................................................63
9.14 Panelconversation: Why has poverty risk increased, not decreased?......................................64
10 Social innovation.............................................................................................................................65
10.1 Local social innovation and welfare state restructuring...........................................................66
10.1.1 In margins of welfare state................................................................................................66
10.1.2 Localisation of welfare state..............................................................................................66
10.2 Local social innovation and poverty..........................................................................................67
10.2.1 Defining local social innovation.........................................................................................67
10.2.2 Poverty...............................................................................................................................67
10.3 Two models of social innovation..............................................................................................68
10.3.1 Bottom-up initiatives for civic empowerment...................................................................68
10.3.2 Top-down discourses on enabling welfare state................................................................68
10.4 Social innovation, social investment and social protection......................................................69
10.4.1 Social protection................................................................................................................69
10.4.2 Social investment...............................................................................................................69
10.4.3 Social innovation................................................................................................................70
10.4.4 Interacting paradigms.......................................................................................................70
4
Les avantages d'acheter des résumés chez Stuvia:
Qualité garantie par les avis des clients
Les clients de Stuvia ont évalués plus de 700 000 résumés. C'est comme ça que vous savez que vous achetez les meilleurs documents.
L’achat facile et rapide
Vous pouvez payer rapidement avec iDeal, carte de crédit ou Stuvia-crédit pour les résumés. Il n'y a pas d'adhésion nécessaire.
Focus sur l’essentiel
Vos camarades écrivent eux-mêmes les notes d’étude, c’est pourquoi les documents sont toujours fiables et à jour. Cela garantit que vous arrivez rapidement au coeur du matériel.
Foire aux questions
Qu'est-ce que j'obtiens en achetant ce document ?
Vous obtenez un PDF, disponible immédiatement après votre achat. Le document acheté est accessible à tout moment, n'importe où et indéfiniment via votre profil.
Garantie de remboursement : comment ça marche ?
Notre garantie de satisfaction garantit que vous trouverez toujours un document d'étude qui vous convient. Vous remplissez un formulaire et notre équipe du service client s'occupe du reste.
Auprès de qui est-ce que j'achète ce résumé ?
Stuvia est une place de marché. Alors, vous n'achetez donc pas ce document chez nous, mais auprès du vendeur anoukluypaert. Stuvia facilite les paiements au vendeur.
Est-ce que j'aurai un abonnement?
Non, vous n'achetez ce résumé que pour €6,48. Vous n'êtes lié à rien après votre achat.
Peut-on faire confiance à Stuvia ?
4.6 étoiles sur Google & Trustpilot (+1000 avis)
56326 résumés ont été vendus ces 30 derniers jours
Fondée en 2010, la référence pour acheter des résumés depuis déjà 14 ans