Nina Reyn - SEW
European Societies
Inhoudstafel:
H0. Introductory Information
H0.1. Course material
H0.2. Exam
H1: Lecture 1: The European project: the good, the bad and the ugly
H1.1. Purpose of this lecture
H1.2. Introduction
H1.3. A short history of the project called the European Union
H1.4. What has it brought us?
H1.5. But of course, not all is well…
H1.6. Rest of today’s lecture
H1.7. Economic and other diversity in Europe
H1.8. Institutional and policy diversity
H1.9. Solidarity within Europe
H1.10. Were they right? A Greek Tragedy
H1.11. Concluding
H1.12. Reading
H2: Lecture 2: Institutional Architecture of the European Union
H2.1. Introduction to EU
H2.2. ‘Multi-level’ = multiple layers:
H2.3. ‘Governance’ = a particular way of governing
H2.4. Construction EU:
H2.5. European institutions
H2.6. Interest Groups
H2.7. The EU Multi-level Governance system
H2.8. Clustering of policy domains
H2.9. Policy domains: definitions
H2.9.0. Domains
H2.9.1. Redistributive policies
H2.9.2. Regulatory policies
H2.9.3. Internal security: justitie en binnenlandse zaken
H2.9.4. External policies
H2.9.5. Macro-economic policies
H2.9.6. EU Policy architecture
H2.9.7. Policy domains: decision-making
H2.10. The European supranational legislative procedure
H2.11. The intergovernmental decision-making procedure
H2.12. Policy modes
H2.13. Policy domains:
H2.14. The European Commission:
H2.15. The European Parliament:
H2.16. The Council of Ministers:
H2.17. The High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy
H2.18. The European Council:
H2.19. The European Courts
H2.20. The Consultative Committees
H2.21. Other bodies of the European Union
H2.22. Interest Groups
H3: Lecture 3: Europe as a social entity
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, Nina Reyn - SEW
H3.0. Introductory information
H3.1. Social subsidiarity:
H3.1.0. Introduction?
H3.1.2. Why?
H3.1.3. An ex post evaluation:
H3.1.4 Extra résumé
H3.1.5. Policy Conundrum
H3.1.6. What can be done
H3.1.7. Where to start?
H4: The European project as an economic project: fundamental flaws?
H4.1. EU emerges as “peace through economic cooperation” project
H4.2. Single European Market
H4.3. The EURO
H4.4. Fundamental design error in the EU?
H4.4.1. Introductory:
H4.4.2. Economic and other diversity in EU
H4.4.3. Institutional and policy diversity
H4.4.4. Solidarity within Europe
H4.4.5. Were they right? A Greek Tragedy
H5: The European Social Funds: Instruments to bypass or to strengthen national welfare states?
H5.1. Poverty and social exclusion in European welfare states
H5.2. Minimum Income
H5.3. Bottom-up social response
H5.4. European funding
H5.4.1. European Social Fund
H5.4.2. Fund for European Aid to the Most Deprived (FEAD)
H5.4.2.1. Specific target groups
H5.4.2.2. Operational Programs
H5.4.2.3. Mission
H5.4.2.4. Budget
H5.4.2.5. Redistributive and targeted
H5.4.2.6. Fostering the institutionalization of food aid
H5.5. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
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, Nina Reyn - SEW
H0. Introductory Information
H0.1. Course material
Texts on BB.
Some are compulsory, some optional (background reading)
We will provide guidance as to how to read and study these
H0.2. Exam
Written exam at the end of the semester
Three types of questions:
Explain concepts and terms used in the various lectures and key texts (8/20)
- See Europe in 12 lectures + two text very important for the exam
- Concepts namely from lesson 1&2.
Interpret and discuss a graph or table pertaining to one of the lectures (6/20)
Discussion question pertaining to one the lectures (6/20)
- Heel breed, niet één antwoord
- Essential to understand material + to try to reflect
You can answer in Dutch
H1: Lecture 1: The European project: the good, the bad and the ugly
H1.1. Purpose of this lecture
To consider some of the main issues and challenges facing European Societies today
EU has design flaws Not a coherent “geheel”.
Brexit = first time EU is getting smaller instead of bigger.
How the EU is dealing with these challenges National level and supranational level
particular attention to the European Union
Pick out some interesting issues
Guest lectures on specific topics
Important question
How did the European Union project emerge?
What have been some big accomplishments?
What are big challenges ?
Focus today: is there a fundamental design flaw in the European Union project?
- Very important question, especially today (Brexit, anti-European parties in many
countries like Italy, resentment…)
H1.2. Introduction
So how did we get from the first to last picture?
Introduction about what we will talk about
Picture dia 9: explosion in Antwerp in 1944 start of Meir at Frankrijklei
Ex-nazi’s in Belgium still get a pension today from Germany still relevant today
Place was in ruins, chaos not very probable that EU would emerge
75 years later:
Picture (dia 16) of refugees on Mediterranean see:
- People are risking their lives (even children, baby’s)
- How bad must their lives have been to risk their lives + lives of their children to go to
Europe?
Picture dia 18:
- Enclave of Spain: people trying to get in vs people who live affluent lives
H1.3. A short history of the project called the European Union
Not that “Europe” is in any way new… relevant point
It had been united in some form or another: different governments and territories
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, Nina Reyn - SEW
Large areas of Europe had previously been united by empires such as:
The Roman Empire, Byzantine Empire, Frankish Empire, Holy Roman Empire, Ottoman
Empire, the First French Empire, Nazi Germany…
- These were successful for a long time but disappeared after time.
Long ago..
More peaceful consolidation of European territories also provided by dynastic unions
And country-level unions
- Such as the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Map dia 23: Roman empire with Roman law, currency, institutions
Parts of GB were part of Roman empire, sphere of influence very exceptional
GB: has been independent for 1000 years still want to be independent
Other countries like FR, Germany, Spain:
- Also have strong national identity
- BUT were part of other political identity like Roman Empire, French Empire
Beginnings after WWII
End of the Second World War left Europe divided between the communist
- Soviet dominated, eastern bloc, and the largely democratic western nations
- Stalin wanted big piece of Europe as a repayment for getting rid of Nazi’s
Fears over what direction a rebuilt Germany would take, perceived need to bind Germany
into pan-European democratic institutions
- Feeling that Germany had to repay damage mistake
- They had to involve them with Europa instead of separating and isolating them
Expansion of the communist east.
War had left Europe exhausted, with industry greatly damaged
- Buildings, industry, factories destroyed
- Rebuild economy if we work together
Six neighboring countries agreed in The Treaty of Paris (early 50) to form an area of free
trade for several key resources including coal, steel and iron ore, chosen for their key role in
industry and the military
- They needed resources to rebuilt industry work together
- Secure peace between Europe’s victorious and vanquished nations and bring them
together as equals, cooperating within shared institutions
European Coal and Steel Community and involved Germany, Belgium, France, Holland, Italy
and Luxembourg.
- ECKS (Europese Commissie voor Kolen en Staal)
- It began on 23 July 1952 and ended on 23 July 2002, replaced by further unions birth
of EU as we know it
To manage the ECSC, a group of ‘supranational’ (a level of governance above the nation
state) bodies were created to legislate, develop ideas and resolve disputes:
- Council of Ministers, Common Assembly, Court of Justice
- From these key bodies the later EU would emerge
Treaty of Rome – verdrag van Rome
Success of the ECSC led to the member nations signing two new treaties in 1957
- Both called the treaty of Rome.
Created two new bodies:
- The European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom)
- The European Economic Community.
Atomic energy was seen as the future EAEC important body
This EEC created a common market among the member nations, with no tariffs or
impediments to the flow of labor and goods.
- Free trade for steel, iron, cole
Expanded to trade for other goods in these countries
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