N340 Week 1 Study Guide Exam 1 Latest 2022/2023,100% CORRECT
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N340
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N340
N340 Week 1 Study Guide Exam 1 Latest 2022/2023
Chapter 1
Renewed interest public health and in population focused health care in the United States – especially with nurses & epidemiologist with the epidemic
Population-focused approach: where we assess the community – understanding the...
Renewed interest public health and in population focused health care in the
United States – especially with nurses & epidemiologist with the epidemic
Population-focused approach: where we assess the community –
understanding the most vulnerable people = homeless population
Prevention emphasis: many factors influence the lack of prevention – start
looking at who the decision makers are and what information they are
using to make decisions and what their backgrounds are in regarding their
decision making
Community-based nursing
• Focus is on illness care of individuals and families across the life span
– try –to
family remedy the s/s of an individual or
chronic
• The concern and focus is the growing cost of hospital care
and how the services are being rendered Community-oriented
nursing
• Focus is to look at both the healthcare of community/ population
AND health care of individual, families, and groups – promoting
quality of life and helath care of entire community
• Includes the specialty of public health nursing
• The goal: to prevent disease and preserve, promote, restore, and
protect health for the community and the population within it
Public health: the goal is to organize community efforts that will use
scientific and technical knowledge to prevent disease and promote health
• It’s a scientific discipline – that includes study of epidemiology,
statistics, assessment
• Pays attention to behavioral, cultural, and economic factors, program
planning, policy development
• Members of a society do collectively to ensure conditions exist in
which people can be healthy
Benefits of public health
• Increase in life expectancy
• Decreased # of deaths from stroke, coronary heart disease, and
cancer
• Decline in death rates of adults and children
• Population focused PH approaches can prevent up to 70% of early
deaths, compared to only 10% for medical
treatme
o Doing preventative
measures is very beneficial Solid history
of preventive improvement
• Life expectancy in the 1900s went from less than 50 to 77.9 years by
the year 2007
o This has been credited due to sanitation, control of infectious
diseases through immunizations
, • The US public health service estimates the use of medical treatment
can prevent about about 10% of all early deaths
• We need to shift the focus of individual care to preventative
measures – we tend to operate on reactive measures such as
waiting for dx to be established rather than try to prevent it
• Typically a hospital will operate for a pt to be sick first then treat
the pt – as opposed to wanting to prevent the dx
PH Core Functions:
• Assessment: systematic data collection on population, monitory
population
information health
available status
about andof making
the health the the
• Policy development: efforts to develop policies that support the
health of the populations including using scientific
knowledgeable to make policy decisions
• Assurance: making sure essential community orientated health
services are included – providing essential personal for health
services of individuals as well as competent public health work
force
• ** you will see references to APA = assessment, policy development,
assurance
• Research – we are constant looking for the most up to date
evidence to create policies and to ensure we are providing
competent health care work force
ASSESSMENT
• Participate in and provide leadership for the following:
o Look at trends in health determinants
o Identify priority health needs
o Determine the adequacy of existing resources within the
community
o Engage in policy-development efforts
o Assessing community needs, health status of populations
within the community, and environmental and behavioral
risks
• We are conducting an assessment but still engaging in policy
development efforts
, POLICY DEVELOPMENT
• Core function and care intervention strategy
• Seeks to builds constituency for change in public policy
• Ex: development of Healthy People 2020 state objectives (objectives
are looked at q10 years), national effort to control acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), antismoking ordinances
• Education, empowering people about environmental health issues,
mobilizing community partnerships, actions to identify and solve
public health problems, develop policies and plans that support
individual and community environmental health efforts
ASSURANCE
• Ensure that activities meet pubic health goals and plans
• Develop partnerships between public and private agencies
• Promote knowledge and behaviors that support and improve
public health
• We ensure a competent workforce and resources
• Look at regulations the ensure public health, ensure safety,
evaluate effectiveness and accessibility and quality of personal
and population based environmental health service, constant
research being done to
look for initiative solutions for environmental health problems
Levels of Health Care Services
• Primary
o Designed to meet basic needs of people and communities at an
affordable cost
▪ Preventative measures to maintain overall health of a
community
• Secondary
o Services designed to detect and treat the diseases in an early
acute stage
o Screenings to detect for abnormalities
• Tertiary
o Services designed to limit progression of disease or disability
o Treatment and limit progression so individual can have a
longer and better quality care/life so they are not bed ridden
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