1. population composed of all individuals that belong to the same species and live in a given area at a particular time 2. community incorporates all of the populations of organisms within a given area 3. population ecolo- gy the study of factors that cause populations to increase or decrea...
1 population composed of all individuals that belong to the same species and live in a given area at a particular time 2 community incorporates all of the populations of organisms within a given ar
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AP Environmental Science Review
AP Environmental Science Review
AP Environmental Science Review
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AP Environmental Science
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1. population composed of all individuals that belong to the
same
species and live in a given area at a particular time
2. community incorporates all of the populations of organisms
within
a given area
3. population ecolo- the study of factors that cause populations to
gy increase or decrease
4. population size the total number of individuals within a defined
area at
a given time
5. population densi- the number of individuals per unit area (or
ty volume for aquatic organisms) at a given time
6. population a description of how individuals are distributed
distriu- tion with re- spect to one another
7. sex ration the ratio of males to females
8. age structure a description of how many individuals fit into
particular
age categories
9. density-depen- influences an individual's probability of survival
dent factors and re- production in a manner that depends
on the size of the population
10. limiting resource a resource that a population cannot live without
and
which occurs in quantities lower than the
population would require to increase in size
11. carrying capacity;
k
12. Density-indepen- dent factors
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Review
population growth slowed as population size
increased because there was a limit to how
13. growth rate many individuals the food supply could sustain
have the same effect on an individuals
probability of survival and amount of
reproduction at any population size
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the number of offspring an individual can
produce in a given time period, minus the
deaths of the individual or offspring during the
same period
14. intrinsic
growth rate; r under ideal conditions, with unlimited resources
avail- able, every population has a particular
maximum poten- tial for growth
15. exponential
growth model tells us that, under ideal conditions, the future
size of the population depends on the current
size of the popula- tion, the intrinsic rate of the
population, and the amount of time over which
16. logistic the population grows
growth model
describes a population whose growth is
initially expo- nential, but slows as the
population approaches the carrying capacity
of the environment
17. overshoot when the population becomes larger than the
spring
carrying capacity
18. Die-off population crash usually experienced after the
over-
shoot of the carrying capacity
19. k-selected species species that have a low intrinsic growth rate,
which
causes their populations to increase slowly
until they reach the carrying capacity of the
environment
20. r-selected species species that have a high intrinsic growth rate
because
they reproduce often and produce large
numbers of offspring
21. survivorship curves
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graphs of distinct patterns of survival over time
22. corridors strips of habitat that connect separated
populations that
the animal travels across
23. metapopulations a group of spatially distinct populations that are
connect-
ed by occasional movements of individuals
between them
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