CNIM - ABRET Practice Exam Questions and Answers 2023

Cavities inside the skull - Answer- Anterior/middle/posterior fossa Cranial bones - Answer- Frontal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid (unpaired). Parietal & temporal (paired). Mental protuberance - Answer- chin bone MCA supply of the cerebral cortex - Answer- Hand + face/mouth/auditory Cranial nerves - Answer- -12 pairs (Mixed fibers: sensory/motor/both). -Emerge @ irregular intervals from the brain. -Nuclei displacement: Motor = medial Sensory = lateral Meckle's Cave - Answer- Depression in the medial middle fossa where CN V ganglion sits Low frequency sounds - Answer- @ apex of cochlea Area of spine w/ small pedicles, long spinous process, large inter-vertebral foramen - Answer- Thoracic Neuroforamen - Answer- Opening w/in the spinal canal for nerve roots to enter the SC Firm outer layer of the disc - Answer- Annulus fibrosis Syrinx - Answer- Fluid-filled cavity @ center of the SC Spinal cord ends @ the level btwn: - Answer- L1-L2 vertebrae (Conus Medullaris) Blood supply to the SC consists of: - Answer- 1 ASA for both MEP tracts Hydrostatic pressure - Answer- Depends on body position Structural functional anatomy may be altered by: - Answer- Previous lesions, current, plasticity, pressure Glia cell - Answer- Comes from the Greek word "glue" Large diameter nerve fiber (vs. small diameter) - Answer- -Recruited 1st w/ INC'd stim intensity -Higher conduction velocity -More vulnerable to hypoxia & pressure Δ's Synaptic transmission, and/or Δ's in thalamocortical projections, produce - Answer- Cortical potentials Peripheral nerve sensitivity - Answer- Least sensitive to injury (more sensitive = SC grey/white mater, cortical grey matter) Cavernous angiomas - Answer- Multi-lobulated lesions containing hemorrhage Geriatric population: prevalence of temporal bone hyperostosis - Answer- 10-15% Presbycusis - Answer- High freq hearing loss; gradually occurs in older individuals Most commonly injured CN - Answer- Facial nerve (VII) Burst fracture - Answer- -Break in the vertebra -Failure of anterior & middle vertebral columns -Caused by violent compressive event (fall, MVA) Excessive neck flexion in sitting position - Answer- Quadraparesis (due to ischemia in upper T-spine)