40% digital exam 20 meerkeuzevragen (slides) closed book
60%: 2 statements to give your argumented opinion on, 2 questions to prove your insight in the
theory open book (alle insights lezen!!) De open vragen zijn 2 statements waar de studenten
hun mening moeten geven onderbouwd door de theorie. De beoordeling gebeurt op basis
van correctheid van argumentatie en begrip van de theorie. De andere 2 open vragen zijn
inzichtsvragen in de theorie.
Inhoudsopgave
Sustainable management................................................................................................................................... 1
Chapter 1 introduction.............................................................................................................................................4
The Global Ethical Trilemma: dilemma for 3 choices..........................................................................................4
Global ethical trilemma:.......................................................................................................................................4
Global-Social Democracy.....................................................................................................................................4
Eco-Efficient Capitalism........................................................................................................................................5
Red-Green Planetarism........................................................................................................................................5
Carroll’s Pyramid..................................................................................................................................................5
Carroll’s Pyramid – Economic Responsibility.......................................................................................................5
Legal Responsibility..............................................................................................................................................6
Ethical Responsibility...........................................................................................................................................6
Philanthropic/ discretionary Responsibility.........................................................................................................6
Business Ethics Management..............................................................................................................................7
Corporate Governance.........................................................................................................................................7
Test:......................................................................................................................................................................7
Chapter 2 New economic paradigms.......................................................................................................................8
The Limits To Economic Growth..........................................................................................................................8
The Limits To Economic Growth – The traditional economic circular flow model..............................................8
GDP Growth.......................................................................................................................................................10
Easterlin paradox...............................................................................................................................................10
External effects..................................................................................................................................................11
Test:....................................................................................................................................................................11
New economic models – the doughnut economy.............................................................................................12
Earth...................................................................................................................................................................12
Economy • There are 4actors in the economy: the households, the commons, the market and the state:....13
The doughnut economy.....................................................................................................................................14
New Economic Theories – Ecosystems..............................................................................................................15
Test:....................................................................................................................................................................15
Chapter 3 Business in society.................................................................................................................................16
Business-society interaction..............................................................................................................................16
Social trends - Inequality....................................................................................................................................16
Income inequality:.............................................................................................................................................17
Wealth inequality:..............................................................................................................................................17
Health inequality:...............................................................................................................................................18
Test:....................................................................................................................................................................18
VUCA..................................................................................................................................................................20
Millennials..........................................................................................................................................................21
The pace (= tempo) of innovation.....................................................................................................................21
Privacy................................................................................................................................................................22
Test:....................................................................................................................................................................23
1
, Chapter 4 The ecological footprint.........................................................................................................................23
The current state of the planet – the planetary boundaries.............................................................................23
The planetary boundaries..................................................................................................................................24
The sceptics (3 arguments why global warming isn’t happening).....................................................................25
Test:....................................................................................................................................................................26
Environmental impact........................................................................................................................................26
IPAT equation.....................................................................................................................................................26
Population..........................................................................................................................................................27
Affluence............................................................................................................................................................27
Throughput........................................................................................................................................................27
Areas of environmental impact.........................................................................................................................27
Test:....................................................................................................................................................................28
Policies and regulations.....................................................................................................................................28
Regulations and restrictions..............................................................................................................................29
International initiatives......................................................................................................................................29
Kyoto-protocol...................................................................................................................................................29
Paris Agreement.................................................................................................................................................30
Test:....................................................................................................................................................................31
Chapter 5 Stakeholder management.....................................................................................................................32
Stakeholder theory............................................................................................................................................32
Categories of stakeholders................................................................................................................................32
Age of greed vs. age of need (trying to take as much as we need)...................................................................34
Test.....................................................................................................................................................................34
Creating shared value........................................................................................................................................35
Creating shared value – why should businesses be involved?..........................................................................35
A new type of capitalism....................................................................................................................................36
Practical implementation...................................................................................................................................36
Critiques.............................................................................................................................................................36
Creating Integrated Value (IVC).........................................................................................................................37
Test.....................................................................................................................................................................37
Chapter 6 Corporate Social Responsibility..............................................................................................................38
Definition............................................................................................................................................................38
Advantages of CSR.............................................................................................................................................39
Test:....................................................................................................................................................................40
Dimensions of CSR - Values................................................................................................................................40
Dimensions of CSR – Vision................................................................................................................................40
Dimensions of CSR - Work.................................................................................................................................40
Dimensions of CSR - Governance (=bestuur).....................................................................................................41
Dimensions of CSR - Relationships.....................................................................................................................41
Dimensions of CSR - Communication.................................................................................................................41
Dimensions of CSR - Services.............................................................................................................................42
Critiques on Corporate Social Responsibility.....................................................................................................42
The future of corporate social responsibility.....................................................................................................43
5 stages of CSR...................................................................................................................................................43
Test:....................................................................................................................................................................43
Chapter 7 Social entrepreneurship.........................................................................................................................44
Definition............................................................................................................................................................44
Social enterprise vs NGO vs CSR........................................................................................................................45
Race to the bottom vs race to fairness..............................................................................................................45
Challenges of Social Entrepreneurship..............................................................................................................46
Social Innovation................................................................................................................................................47
Test:....................................................................................................................................................................47
How to start a Social Enterprise.........................................................................................................................48
How to start a Social Enterprise – 8 steps.........................................................................................................48
Business Models.................................................................................................................................................50
Social Business Design.......................................................................................................................................50
Test:....................................................................................................................................................................50
Chapter 8 Digital economy.....................................................................................................................................50
2
, The impact of digitalisation on our economy - History.....................................................................................50
The impact of digitalisation on business............................................................................................................51
Disruption...........................................................................................................................................................52
The future of digitalisation - Innovation............................................................................................................53
Innovating the “What”.......................................................................................................................................54
Innovating the “Why”........................................................................................................................................54
A look into the future.........................................................................................................................................54
Test:....................................................................................................................................................................55
Artificial Intelligence (AI)....................................................................................................................................56
Machine Learning...............................................................................................................................................56
Conversational AI...............................................................................................................................................56
Augmented Intelligence.....................................................................................................................................56
Human-Level AI..................................................................................................................................................57
The link between sustainability and digitalisation.............................................................................................57
Test:....................................................................................................................................................................57
Chapter 9 Circular economy...................................................................................................................................58
The case for a circular economy........................................................................................................................58
Definition of circular economy..........................................................................................................................59
Cradle-to-grave vs. Cradle-to-cradle..................................................................................................................60
The principles of circular economy....................................................................................................................60
Transformation from linear to circular?............................................................................................................61
The true potential of circular economy.............................................................................................................61
The true potential of circular economy.............................................................................................................62
Circular solutions – Circular frameworks...........................................................................................................62
Cradle-to-cradle certification.............................................................................................................................62
Test:....................................................................................................................................................................64
Circular solutions – Business models for circular economy...............................................................................65
Circular supply-chain - Definition.......................................................................................................................65
Economical advantages......................................................................................................................................65
Challenges..........................................................................................................................................................66
Recovery and Recycling - Definition..................................................................................................................66
Economical advantages......................................................................................................................................67
Variations...........................................................................................................................................................67
Challenges..........................................................................................................................................................67
Product life-extension - Definition.....................................................................................................................67
Economical advantages......................................................................................................................................68
Challenges..........................................................................................................................................................68
The sharing platform - Definition.......................................................................................................................68
Economical advantages......................................................................................................................................69
Challenges..........................................................................................................................................................69
Product as a service (PaaS) - Definition.............................................................................................................70
Variations...........................................................................................................................................................70
Economical advantages......................................................................................................................................70
Challenges..........................................................................................................................................................70
Test.....................................................................................................................................................................71
Chapter 10 Sustainable energy management........................................................................................................71
Definition............................................................................................................................................................71
Use of sustainble energy sources today............................................................................................................72
Types of sustainable energy sources - Solar......................................................................................................73
Types of sustainable energy sources - Wind......................................................................................................74
Types of sustainable energy sources - Geothermal...........................................................................................74
Types of sustainable energy sources – Hydro/Ocean........................................................................................75
Test:....................................................................................................................................................................75
Clean Energy Strategies – European Energy Union...........................................................................................76
Clean Energy Strategies – Corporate energy strategies....................................................................................76
Test:....................................................................................................................................................................80
Test all topics:....................................................................................................................................................80
3
, Chapter 1 introduction
Definition: Sustainable business management= making business decisions with the purpose
of creating value for society so that future generations can meet their own needs, on an
economical, societal, and environmental level.
Sustainable business management= how to do or make business sustainable, not about
household, government, but about how as a business can we do business in a sustainable way
About making decisions
Value creation: create value for society, making profit financial value and at the same time
creating its social value, what you do is good for you and for society.
The Global Ethical Trilemma: dilemma for 3 choices
Three domains:
• Social
• Economical
• Ecological
We need all 3 domains if we want to
sustainable sustainability
Social:
- Human Rights Declaration: social justice should be achieved and maintained globally
- But: inequality is still rising!
- 5% of the global population has as much income as 80%: The 10 richest people in the
US has more money than half Belgian combined
Environmental:
- Awareness has mostly grown in industrialized countries: Awareness for environmental
issues
Global ethical trilemma:
Global-Social Democracy
• Addresses both the economic and social aspect of sustainability
- “Create global economic order”
4
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