samenvatting van de hoofdstukken 1 t/m 12, bij hoofdstuk 12 alleen het gedeelte over deductive reasoning van het boek cognitive psychology (8ste editie) bij Matlin.
TEST BANK FOR THE PSYCHOLOGY OF WOMEN MARGARET W. MALTINS 7TH EDITION WITH INSTRUCTORS MANUAL ALL CHAPTERS.
Cognitive Psychology, 8th edition (Matlin)
Samenvatting probleem 5 “Imagine This!”, blok 2.1
Tout pour ce livre (8)
École, étude et sujet
Technische Universiteit Eindhoven (TUE)
Psychology and Technology
0HV60 Thinking And Deciding
Tous les documents sur ce sujet (15)
Vendeur
S'abonner
Kp2022
Avis reçus
Aperçu du contenu
Summary cognitive psychology
Chapter 1: An Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
Metacognition: thinking about thought processes.
Cognition: mental activity, it describes the acquisition, storage, transformation and use of
knowledge.
Cognitive psychology: it can be used as a synonym for cognition or as a particular theoretical
approach to psychology.
Cognitive approach: theoretical orientation that emphasizes people’s thought processes and their
knowledge.
The behaviorist approach emphasizes our observable behaviors and the psychodynamic approach
focuses on our unconscious emotions.
Aristotle emphasized the importance of empirical evidence, or scientific evidence obtained by
careful observation and experimentation.
Wundt proposed that psychology should study mental processes using introspection; carefully
trained observers systematically analyze their own sensations and report them as objectively as
possible, under standardized conditions.
Ebbinghaus was the first person to scientifically study human memory.
Calkins reported the recency effect, which is the observation that our recall is especially accurate for
the final items in a series of stimuli.
James preferred to theorize about our everyday psychological experiences.
Behaviorism: psychology must focus on objective, observable reactions to stimuli in the
environment, rather than introspection. Watson and other behaviorists emphasized observable
behavior and they typically studied animals. The emphasized the importance of the operational
definition, a precise definition that specifies exactly how a concept is to be measured.
Gestalt psychology: emphasized that we humans have basic tendencies to actively organize what we
see. The whole is greater than the sum of its part.
Gestalt: overall quality that transcends the individual elements.
Frederic Bartlett conducted his research on human memory, he used meaningful materials. He
discovered that people made systematic errors when trying to recall stories and he proposed that
human memory is an active, constructive process, in which we interpret and transform the
information we encounter.
Some factors that contributed to the increased popularity of cognitive psychology:
- Increasing disappointed in the behaviorist outlook.
- Research and theory in three content areas, for example linguistics.
- Research in human memory began to blossom.
- Research on children’s thought processes.
Information-processing approach: our mental processes are similar to the operations of a computer
and information progresses through our cognitive system in a series of stages, one step at a time. For
example: external stimuli from the environment first enter sensory memory (a storage system that
records information from each of the senses with reasonable accuracy), where it is stored for 2
seconds or less and then most of it is forgotten.
Atkinson-Shiffrin model: memory involves a sequence of separate steps. In each step information is
transferred form one storage area to another. They proposed that some material form sensory
Les avantages d'acheter des résumés chez Stuvia:
Qualité garantie par les avis des clients
Les clients de Stuvia ont évalués plus de 700 000 résumés. C'est comme ça que vous savez que vous achetez les meilleurs documents.
L’achat facile et rapide
Vous pouvez payer rapidement avec iDeal, carte de crédit ou Stuvia-crédit pour les résumés. Il n'y a pas d'adhésion nécessaire.
Focus sur l’essentiel
Vos camarades écrivent eux-mêmes les notes d’étude, c’est pourquoi les documents sont toujours fiables et à jour. Cela garantit que vous arrivez rapidement au coeur du matériel.
Foire aux questions
Qu'est-ce que j'obtiens en achetant ce document ?
Vous obtenez un PDF, disponible immédiatement après votre achat. Le document acheté est accessible à tout moment, n'importe où et indéfiniment via votre profil.
Garantie de remboursement : comment ça marche ?
Notre garantie de satisfaction garantit que vous trouverez toujours un document d'étude qui vous convient. Vous remplissez un formulaire et notre équipe du service client s'occupe du reste.
Auprès de qui est-ce que j'achète ce résumé ?
Stuvia est une place de marché. Alors, vous n'achetez donc pas ce document chez nous, mais auprès du vendeur Kp2022. Stuvia facilite les paiements au vendeur.
Est-ce que j'aurai un abonnement?
Non, vous n'achetez ce résumé que pour €3,49. Vous n'êtes lié à rien après votre achat.
