Psych 100 - Exam 1 Questions With 100% Correct Answers

Reaching conclusions in psychological science requires - Answer the ability to test a theory ____ believed that the mind and body are made of different things, with the mind being made of immaterial or spiritual substance - Answer Descartes Today, most psychologists would agree with which statement concerning - Answer mental processes arise from brain functioning All scientific disciplines require: - Answer replicable observation Hector doesn't believe that mental processes can be studied scientifically because they are too subjective. Rather, Psychological studies that constrain themselves only to what people actually do appeal to him. Hector's views are consistent with which approach? - Answer Behaviorism The first woman to receive a PhD degree in psychology, and the author of the book The Animal Mind, was: - Answer Margaret Floy Washburn Through research on visual illusion, Gestalt psychologists demonstrated that: - Answer the mind imposes organization on what it perceives Frederic Bartlett's research on memory demonstrated that people tend to remember: - Answer what should have happened instead of what actually happened Which topic is LEAST likely to be studied by cognitive psychologists? 1. attention 2. memory 3. decision making 4. conformity - Answer conformity After conducting repeated experiments in which he first trained rats to navigate a maze and then removed tiny sections of their brain to see if the brain region eliminated learning, Lashley reported that: - Answer no one brain region seemed to uniquely and reliably eliminate maze learning Kerrie wants to understand how perceptions, beliefs, and memories activate different regions in the brain. What field of psychology would Kerrie explore? - Answer Cognitive Neuroscience Veronica wants to learn if opposites really do attract. She might want to take a course in what type of psychology? - Answer Social Psychology Solomon Asch was a social psychologist whose research interests were shapes, in part, by the: - Answer Holocaust Brice travels to remote places and examines how the people live. He pays particular attention to their values and traditions. What type of psychologist is Brice? - Answer Cultural When people are randomly assigned to think of themselves as upper class, these people behave more ____ than do people in a control group - Answer Selfishly Kenneth Clark's research on prejudice, discrimination, and segregation was fundamental in which Supreme Court ruling? - Answer Brown v. Board of Education Karen received a PhD in psychology and now treats psychological disorders. Which type of psychologist is Karen? - Answer Clinical The classification of psychology as a hub science MOST supports the idea that psychology: - Answer has relevance to many related disciplines Given two theories that are equally consistent with observations about the world, the ___ theory is preferred, illustrating the principle of _____ - Answer Simpler; parsimony The theory that ancient aliens seeded the planet with life millions of years ago and then disappeared is: - Answer Unfalsifiable Describing time based on the duration it takes the earth to revolve around the sun is an example of: - Answer Operational Definition In a classic experiment, psychology students were assigned to work either with "bright" rats or with "dull" rats, described as such by the experimenter. In one task involving maze-running speed, students working with "bright" rats were more likely to stop timing early, as soon as the rat approached the goal box. This unintentional measurement error illustrates how: - Answer expectations can influence observations The statement "eating less spinach is associated with a shorter life span" is an example of: - Answer correlation What does the third-variable problem indicate? - Answer 2 of the variables are correlated with each other only because each is causally related to a third variable. Which method does NOT use random assignment to assign participants to groups? 1. Basing group assignments on a coin flip 2. Basing group assignments on a dice roll 3. Basing group assignment on the outcome of a random number generator 4. Basing group assignment based on the order in which participants arrive to be studied - Answer 4 The chair of the psychology department wants to determine the average GPA of all psychology majors at the college. She compiles a list of the GPAs of all the psychology majors and calculates the average. The chairperson is working with data from: - Answer Population People are more critical of new evidence that is: - Answer inconsistent with their attitudes or beliefs. Doubting one's own conclusions is: - Answer a vital component of critical thinking In order to develop your critical thinking skills, you should: - Answer surround yourself with people who do not share your views. what must be obtained before individuals participate in an experiment? - Answer informed consent The myelin wrapped around an axon serves: - Answer to increase the efficiency of transmission of the neuron Which one is false about ACTION POTENTIAL? 1. neurons either do or do not "fire" 2. electrical stimulation of the dendrites does not always trigger "firing" 3. Activation must exceed a threshold before the neuron begins to "fire" 4. The intensity of the stimulus makes the neuron "fire" more intensely - Answer 4 Presynaptic is to postsynaptic as: sending is to receiving...true or false - Answer True In a neuron, what happens when an action potential reaches the axon terminals of the neuron? - Answer the action potential stimulates the release of chemical substances Agonist is to antagonist as: - Answer enhance is to interfere The drugs used to treat depression often enhance the processing of neurotransmitters such as serotonin by: - Answer blocking re uptake of neurotransmitters. The movement of the arms and legs is accomplished by the _____ subdivision of the peripheral nervous system. - Answer Somatic You are about to be mugged on a dark city street. Which autonomic nervous system would kick into gear? - Answer Sympathetic General anesthetics induce unconsciousness by reducing neural activity in the: - Answer Reticular Formation The functions of which lobe of the cerebral cortex truly set humans apart from other animals? - Answer Frontal Mirror neurons are active in an animal that: - Answer both performs and observes. _____ is a functional neuroimaging technique in which a harmless radioactive substance is injected into the bloodstream and then absorbed by brain regions as they require blood flow. - Answer Positron Emission Tomography As you read the question, your eyeballs are registering different patterns of light reflecting off the page. The information is converted into a neural code in a process termed: - Answer Transduction If you forget to take out the trash for 2 weeks, it will probably stink. After 30 minutes of being around it, you don't notice the smell. This is an example of: - Answer Sensory Adaptation