ATI Pharmacology proctored exam study guide with best and well illustrated answers.
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ATI Pharmacology
ATI Pharmacology proctored exam study guide with best and well illustrated answers.
a nurse is preparing to administer a drug to a client. In which of the following sections of a drug handbook should the nurse look to determine if the drug has more than one use?
-adverse eff...
ATI PN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Review with correctly spelt out
and well illustrated answers.
Patient identifiers - correct answers--Medical record number
-home telephone number
What lab values should a nurse monitor for a patient with chronic renal failure? -
correct answers-■ Urinalysis
☐ Hematuria, proteinuria, and alterations in specific gravity
☐ Serum creatinine
- Gradual increase of 1 to 2 mg/dL per every 24 to 48 hr for acute renal
failure (ARF)
- Gradual increase over months to years for chronic renal failure (CRF)
exceeding 4 mg/dL
■ Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
- 80 to 100 mg/dL within 1 week with ARF
- Gradual increase with elevated serum creatinine over months to years for
CRF
- 180-200 mg/dL with (CRF)
■ Serum electrolytes
- Decreased sodium (dilutional) and calcium, increased potassium,
phosphorus, and magnesium
■ Complete blood count (CBC)
- Decreased hemoglobin
What food should you increase when taking Lasix? - correct answers--increased
amounts of potassium-rich foods (e.g., bananas, prunes, raisins, and orange juice)
Patient reports IV discomfort, what is your first action? - correct answers-color and
temperature
Sumatriptan (treats migraine headaches) adverse effect - correct answers-pain,
tightness, pressure, or heaviness in the chest, throat, neck, and/or jaw
slow or difficult speech
,Know about Transdermal patch - correct answers--• Apply at the same time once
each day,
preferably in the morning. Keep patch on
for 12 to 14 hr each day.
• Remove the patch at night to reduce
the risk of developing tolerance to
nitroglycerin. Be medication-free a
minimum of 10 to 12 hr each day (usually
at night).
• Do not cut patches to ensure appropriate
dosage.
• Place the patch on a hairless area of skin
(chest, back, or abdomen) and rotate sites
to prevent skin irritation.
• Wash skin with soap and water and dry
thoroughly before applying new patch.
RBC Blood transfusion - correct answers-
http://www.atitesting.com/ati_next_gen/FocusedReview/data/datacontext/RM%20AM
S%20RN%208.0%20Chp%2044.pdf (prime with normal saline and infuse with
sodium chloride).
What to understand about Parkinson's Meds? - correct answers--they don't cure
disease, they slow the process.
NEUPOGEN (filgrastim)-what is the appropriate route of this med? - correct
answers-administered by subcutaneous injection or IV infusion
Medication for Schizophrenia - correct answers-risperidone, Risperdal
Macrodantin medication - correct answers-used to treat or prevent certain urinary
tract infections
Haldol-inform if you are taking ____________ medication. - correct answers--
benzodiazepine class of anti-anxiety drugs (all ending with "pam") and even, Xanax.
Fosomax - correct answers-same as-Alendronate is used for treating osteoporosis in
men and postmenopausal women.
Lipitor - correct answers--lowers cholesterol in blood, "statins". Reduce LDL and total
cholesterol. Raise HDL.
Garamycin- - correct answers-Antibiotic that is toxic to the kidney, injected for
radiology studies.
Digoxin side effects - correct answers--Fatigue
-Bradycardia
-Anorexia
,-Nausea/Vomiting
Singulair - correct answers-used before exercise to prevent breathing problems
during exercise (bronchospasm).
What medication to administer with Tylenol overdose? - correct answers-
acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) must be given IV
HPV vaccine - correct answers-Human Papilloma Virus (HPV2, HPV4) - -Three
doses should be given over a 6 month
-interval for females at 11 to 12 years of age (minimum age is 9 years).
-The second dose should be administered 2 months after the first dose, and the
third dose should be administered 6 months after the first dose.
-HPV4 may be given to males starting at age 9 years of age.
Opioid toxicity-what to check first - correct answers-oxygen saturation
Food to avoid when taking Lithium - correct answers--salty foods
-alcoholic beverages
Labs for patients taking hydrothiazide - correct answers-Periodic determination of
serum electrolytes to detect possible electrolyte imbalance should be done at
appropriate intervals.
1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's
serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to
administer as prescribed to the client?
1. Calcium chloride
2. Calcium gluconate
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
4. Large doses of vitamin D - correct answers-3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
Rationale:
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for the
treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In
hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid
hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and
lowering the serum calcium concentration.
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency
anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food
item?
1. Milk
2. Water
, 3. Apple juice
4. Orange juice - correct answers-4. Orange juice
Rationale:
Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be
instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in
vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption.
Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse
monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the presence
of systemic toxicity from this medication?
1. Tinnitus
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations - correct answers-1. Tinnitus
Rationale:
Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism)
can result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological
disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.
4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have
applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are
most effective when applied:
1. Immediately before swimming
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
3. Immediately before exposure to the sun
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun - correct answers-4. At least 30
minutes before exposure to the sun
Rationale:
Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure to
the sun so that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied after
swimming or sweating.
5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn injury.
When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort and burning.
Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
1. Notifying the registered nurse
2. Discontinuing the medication
3. Informing the client that this is normal
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site - correct answers-3.
Informing the client that this is normal
Rationale:
Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-positive organisms
and is used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in avascular tissues. The client
should be informed that the medication will cause local discomfort and burning and
that this is a normal reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect
6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) to
the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following
indicates that a systemic effect has occurred?
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