Looking at different perspectives with strengths and weaknesses , evaluations , references , how it is applicable to victims in real life with case studies.
What is zemiology?
what is critical victimology?
Victims of hate crime
, Outline of the Lecture
• Socio-Historical context for the concept of hate crime
• Hate crime in England and Wales:
Evolution of the Concept of Hate Crime
Legal definitions
Reported crimes and victims of hate crime
Dark figure of hate crime
Harms related to hate crime
• Hate crime and critical victimology:
Structures, power and state (omission)
Vulnerability and ‘difference’
Case study: Disability hate crime
Case study: Muslim women as victims of hate crime
• Hate crime policy
Key concepts: Hate, prejudice, bigotry, identity, vulnerability, difference,
intersectionality
, A Very Short History
of Hate Crime
• Hate crime is not a novel phenomenon
• Wider recognition of hate crime attached to:
The 1960s civil rights movements and
identity politics
Victimology and victims’ rights movement
1970s-80s
Critical criminology and its subgroups (e.g.,
Southern Criminologies and other anti-
colonialist, anti-racist groups)
• In the US: During the 1980s several legal
amendments against criminal acts motivated
by prejudice → Hate Crime Statistics Act, 1990
• In the UK: Murder of Stephen Lawrence in
1993 → Macpherson Report in 1999
,Hate Crime in England and Wales
Legal Definitions, Statistics and Victim Characteristics
,Conceptual Issues and
Questions
• Global human rights issue with wider
social and political ramifications
• Socially constructed concept → Evolves
overtime; Definitions attached to their
socio-cultural context
• What is ‘hate’?
‘Emotive and conceptually ambiguou
label’ (Chakraborti and Garland, 2015
‘Hate’ is ‘distinctly unhelpful’ (Hall,
2005)
• Hostility, prejudice, bias, targeted
violence or hatred? Same or different?
• Incidence vs. crime?
, Evolution of the Definitions related to Hate
Crime in the UK (I)
Author Definition(s) and/or Description(s) regarding Hate Crime
/Source, Year
Macpherson, Racist Incident: Any incident which is perceived to be racist by the victim
1999 other person
ACPO, 2009 Hate Incident: Any incident, which may or may not constitute a criminal
which is perceived by the victim or any other person, as being motivated
prejudice or hate.
Hate Crime: Any hate incident, which constitutes a criminal offence, perc
by the victim or any other person as being motivated by prejudice or hate
HM Hate Crime: A criminal offence which is perceived, by the victim or any o
Government, person, to be motivate by hostility or prejudice.
2009
Hate Motivation: Any crime or incident where the perpetrator’s hostility
prejudice against an identifiable group of people is a factor in determinin
is victimised
Les avantages d'acheter des résumés chez Stuvia:
Qualité garantie par les avis des clients
Les clients de Stuvia ont évalués plus de 700 000 résumés. C'est comme ça que vous savez que vous achetez les meilleurs documents.
L’achat facile et rapide
Vous pouvez payer rapidement avec iDeal, carte de crédit ou Stuvia-crédit pour les résumés. Il n'y a pas d'adhésion nécessaire.
Focus sur l’essentiel
Vos camarades écrivent eux-mêmes les notes d’étude, c’est pourquoi les documents sont toujours fiables et à jour. Cela garantit que vous arrivez rapidement au coeur du matériel.
Foire aux questions
Qu'est-ce que j'obtiens en achetant ce document ?
Vous obtenez un PDF, disponible immédiatement après votre achat. Le document acheté est accessible à tout moment, n'importe où et indéfiniment via votre profil.
Garantie de remboursement : comment ça marche ?
Notre garantie de satisfaction garantit que vous trouverez toujours un document d'étude qui vous convient. Vous remplissez un formulaire et notre équipe du service client s'occupe du reste.
Auprès de qui est-ce que j'achète ce résumé ?
Stuvia est une place de marché. Alors, vous n'achetez donc pas ce document chez nous, mais auprès du vendeur jamalchowdhury. Stuvia facilite les paiements au vendeur.
Est-ce que j'aurai un abonnement?
Non, vous n'achetez ce résumé que pour €5,20. Vous n'êtes lié à rien après votre achat.
