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ASCP Molecular Biology Certification Detailed Exam With Questions and Answers Well Answered A+ Graded 100% Excellence. Do you have to know the gene sequence in order to do DNA sequencing? - CORRECT ANSWER-Yes, in order to design primers You do NOT need to €18,63
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ASCP Molecular Biology Certification Detailed Exam With Questions and Answers Well Answered A+ Graded 100% Excellence. Do you have to know the gene sequence in order to do DNA sequencing? - CORRECT ANSWER-Yes, in order to design primers You do NOT need to
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ASCP Molecular Biology Certification Detailed Exam With Questions and Answers Well Answered A+ Graded 100% Excellence. Do you have to know the gene sequence in order to do DNA sequencing? - CORRECT ANSWER-Yes, in order to design primers You do NOT need to know the mutation Pyrimidine - CORRECT...

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  • 25 mars 2024
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ASCP Molecular Biology Certification Detailed Exam With
Questions and Answers Well Answered A+ Graded 100%
Excellence. Do you have to know the gene sequence in order to do DNA sequencing? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Yes, in order to design primers You do NOT need to know the mutation


Pyrimidine - CORRECT ANSWER-One carbon ring
Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil

Purine - CORRECT ANSWER-Two carbon rings
Adenine, Guanine

How are nucleotides joined together? - CORRECT ANSWER-Condensation to form
phosphodiester bond

What is the function of mRNA? - CORRECT ANSWER-Carries genetic info out of nucleus
Transcript translated to protein

What is the function of tRNA? - CORRECT ANSWER-Carries aa to ribosome
Anticodon pairs with codon on mRNA strand

What is the function of rRNA? - CORRECT ANSWER-part of ribosome structure
most abundant RNA
coordinated coupling of tRNA to mRNA codons

Feedback inhibition - CORRECT ANSWER-Product of pathway is noncompetitive inhibitor
Binds to allosteric site to slow down rxn b/c too much product

Exonucleases - CORRECT ANSWER-Degrades nucleic acids by removing one terminal nt at a
time
Cleaves phosphodiester bond at end of chain
5' --> 3' and 3' --> 5'

Endonucleases (Prok) - CORRECT ANSWER-Restriction enzymes
Cleaves phoshpodiester bonds w/i poly-nt chain
Recognition site is palindromic sequence
Types I-V

ORI sites - CORRECT ANSWER-nt sequence where replication is initiated

Topoisomerase I - CORRECT ANSWER-Induces ss breaks
Remove DNA supercoils during TXN and DNA replication; for strand breakage during
recombination; for chr condensation; and to disentangle intertwined DNA during mitosis

,topoisomerase II - CORRECT ANSWER-cuts both strands of one DNA double helix, passes
another unbroken DNA helix through it, and then reanneals the cut strands

Gyrase (topoisomerase II) - CORRECT ANSWER-Unwinds supercoiling caused by unwinding
at the rep fork by introducing DSBs

Helicase - CORRECT ANSWER-Breaks H-bonds of double helix at the replication fork

Primase - CORRECT ANSWER-DNApol α (DNA dep RNA pol)
adds short segments of complementary
RNA to ssDNA template (primers), serves as starting points for replication

single-strand DNA binding proteins (SSBPs) - CORRECT ANSWER-Binds ssDNA and
prevents it from re-annealing during TXN, replication, repair, and recombination

Okazaki fragments - CORRECT ANSWER-Short fragments of DNA synthesized by DNApol δ
using the lagging strand (3'->5') as a template

Ligase - CORRECT ANSWER-Closes gaps in DNA
Catalyzes phosphodiester bond between 3'OH and 5'P

What are the steps in DNA replication? - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Initiate
2. Elongate
3. Terminate

Telomeres - CORRECT ANSWER-Repeat sequence (TTAGGG) at the ends of chr, protect chr
from degradation

RNA polymerase - CORRECT ANSWER-DNA dependent RNApol
Transcribes DNA template to RNA (3'-->5'; anti-parallel)

Splicesomes - CORRECT ANSWER-Complex of snRNPs
Removes introns from pre-mRNA and splices exons together

Enhancers - CORRECT ANSWER-Short regions of DNA that bind proteins (TXN factors) that
enhance TXN of a gene

Poly-A tail - CORRECT ANSWER-Prevents mRNA from being degraded in cytoplasm
100-250 A's at 3' end

5' cap - CORRECT ANSWER-5'-5' pyrophosphate bridge to a methylated G added to 5' end of a
mRNA
Protects against degradation and as a recognition signal for TLN apparatus

aminoacyl tRNA - CORRECT ANSWER-tRNAs that carry amino acids

, Ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER-Where TLN occurs
Prok: 30s and 50s
Euk: 40s and 60s
Catalyzes peptide bond between a.a.'s

What is the path of a tRNA in a ribosome? - CORRECT ANSWER-Acceptor > Peptidyl > Exit

How is translation initiated? - CORRECT ANSWER-small rRNA (40S) subunit binds mRNA
and scans for start codon (AUG)
Met-tRNA is brought to the P site
Large rRNA (60S) subunit binds

How is translation terminated? - CORRECT ANSWER-Occurs when stop codon enters A site
Release factor recognizes stop codon, hydrolyzes ester bond with P site, releasing aa chain

Reverse transcriptase - CORRECT ANSWER-enzyme that transcribes RNA to cDNA (lacks
introns)
RNA --> RNA:DNA --> cDNA (dsDNA)

Pleiotrophy - CORRECT ANSWER-a single gene controls the expression of many phenotypic
traits
ie Sickle Cell Anemia

cDNA - CORRECT ANSWER-intron free complementary DNA
can be inserted into a plasmid

Vector - CORRECT ANSWER-helps carry DNA into cell
ie plasmids, virus

Open Reading Frame (ORF) - CORRECT ANSWER-sections of DNA that begin with start
codons and end with stop codons
DNA: 5' --> 3'
transcription: 3' --> 5' DNA --> RNA (promoter)
translation: 5' --> 3' mRNA

Spectrophotometer - CORRECT ANSWER-Measures amount of light absorbed
Quantitative measurement of [DNA/RNA]

At what wavelength does DNA and RNA absorb? - CORRECT ANSWER-260 nm

At what wavelength does protein absorb? - CORRECT ANSWER-280 nm

Organic isolation method - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Lyse
2. Add phenol/ chloroform > vortex/spin
3. Transfer aqueous layer (top) to new tube
4. Add chloroform:IAA (removes phenol) > vortex/spin

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