This summary is complete and for the course 'Building Sustainable Business' on KdG in the IBS course. The course is given by Eddy van Hemelrijck! By using this summary I got a 17/20!
,History and impact of sustainable
development
People have dreams, like Severn Suzuki (12) and Greta Thunberg (15). They both silenced
the united nations with their speeches.
Challenges of the 21st century:
Population growth
Consumption Society
…
Kenneth Boulding:
Earth is a spaceship (1966)
We need to survive with the resources we have
Essay of the principles of population:
Thomas Malthus (1798)
Technology makes us get a higher output of resources
Population grows exponentially
The crossing point between the two is a problem
Solution?
People have less kids if there is higher welfare
China stopped one child policy
More old people than young people
Population explosion:
More population in less developed countries
Correlation with oil production?
Very strong
Transport, heat, etc.
Automating a lot of industries Increased food production
, 1980
Oil crises
Car restrictions (Sundays)
Scared
Peak oil:
The moment in time our planet produced the most oil, the day after the oil
production globally started to decrease.
We move oil production to difficult places (Antarctica)
Economic impact
Other ways of transportation
Plastic is made out of oil Businesses need to revise business plans
Depletion natural resources:
Uranium is used for nuclear power (also running out)
Why we don’t use Thorium:
You can’t make nuclear bombs with this, so they decided to use
uranium.
Coltan in our mobile phones
Africa
War for resources
Water
Filtering salt water
Jeans are a huge problem
India, Coca-Cola pumps all the water for own use so farmers can’t maintain
crops.
Doritos
Use of palm oil, rainforest needs to be cut down
Easter Island
Resources on the island were overused
Population decreased dramatically
Spaceship metaphor, population grew too high
Pollution and loss of biodiversity:
Smog
Plastic found in fish
More extreme weather
Consumption society:
Story of stuff (can explain linear and circular system)
You cannot use a linear system on a finite planet
Governments are more concerned in pleasing corporations
Production is too toxic
In our pillows there is a toxic way of making them less flammable
Moving polluted industry does not help
Externalized costs
Health, poverty, environment
Golden arrow of system
Victor Lebow
Turning consumption into a ritual
, Planned obsolescence
Let product break fast enough but keep customer loyal
Perceived obsolescence
Making social differences (social embarrassment)
Work-watch-spend
We go to work, we come home and see commercials telling us we suck, we
go to the mall to buy something to make us feel better and we go back to
work to pay for the things we just bought.
1. Global approach: history
1972
Club of Rome
1973
UNEP (UN Environment Programme)
1983
UNCED (Commission on Environment and Development)
1987
Brundtland report
Norwegian prime minister
Come together with a group of people to write a report
‘Our common Future’
1992
Rio Declaration
Called ‘Earth Summit’
1997
Kyoto protocol
1999
Protests in Seattle
We should stop globalization. Anti-globalists or other-globalists
‘Another world’
2000 – 2015
UN Millennium Declaration
Smart objectives, goals
Very few goals were accomplished
2016
New goals, SDG’s (Sustainable Development Goals)
2. Definition Sustainable Development
“Humanity has the ability to make development sustainable - to ensure that it meets
the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to
meet their own needs.”
The richest continent is also the poorest (resources)
Belgium got rich because of Congo
Final goal is to make sure we meet the needs of present and future generations on
earth
By redistributing wealth, through taxes
By controlling growth
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