PEDS ATI exam Practice Questions And Answers Well Elaborated.

What effects medication absorption in infants and children? - correct answer growth and organ system maturity med route preferred for children? - correct answer oral what do you not want to do when you have oral medications and infants? - correct answer DO NOT MIX WITH FORMULA position for infant when taking oral meds - correct answer semi reclining position position for child when taking oral meds - correct answer sitting up where is oral medication inserted in children? - correct answer side of the mouth how to administer oral meds to infants? - correct answer insert in side of mouth hold cheeks together stroke underside of chin to promote swallowing where are optic meds placed? - correct answer lower eyelid sac, conguctival sac what to do is the child is squeezing there eyes closed for optic meds? - correct answer place drop in nasal corner so when they open there eyes the medication will enter where to apply pressure when giving optic meds and for how long - correct answer light pressure on lacrimal sac for 1 minute administration of otic meds to a child less than 3 - correct answer down and straight back administration of otic meds to child older than 3 - correct answer up and back preferred route for IM injections in children is? - correct answer vastus lateralis alternative sites for IM injections in kids? - correct answer ventogluteal deltoid gauge and needle size for IM injections in children - correct answer 22-25 with 1-1.5 inch needle sub-Q gauge size for children - correct answer 26-30 inserted at what angle for sub-q - correct answer 90 degrees what is important to do for the nurse when giving a child an IV - correct answer take the child AWAY from bed and bring them to a procedure room recommend for numbing a site prior to injection or IV - correct answer EMLA cream comfort technique for infants getting IV - correct answer swaddle the infant age for FLACC scale - correct answer 2 months-7 yo age for numeric scale - correct answer 5 yo and older age for FACES scale - correct answer 3 yo and older age for oucher scale - correct answer 3 yo to 13 years old nursing care that is important for administering any drug or preforming and procedure - correct answer USE PLAY THERAPY how should pain meds be administered - correct answer routinely rather than PRN how do we want to administer pain meds for the greatest effects with the least amount of side effects - correct answer combination therapy with an opioid and a non-opoid when should ELMA be applied for superficial puncture - correct answer 60 minutes prior to procedure when should ELMA be applied for deep puncture - correct answer 2.5 hours prior to procedure what do you do after placing ELMA down - correct answer place an occlusive dressing over the site stranger anxiety is what age range - correct answer 6-8 months what is common to experience when a toddler is hospitalized - correct answer behavior regresses what age does magical thinking happen? - correct answer PRESCHOOLER key concern with adolescents and hospitalization - correct answer body image and isolation from peers what age gets factual info in hospital - correct answer school age and adolescents what kind of play do toddlers usually do? - correct answer parallel play parallel play - correct answer activity in which children play side by side without interacting associate play - correct answer children engage in separate activities but exchange toys and comment on one another's behavior what kind of play do you see with preschoolers? - correct answer associate play what kind of play do you see with school age children? - correct answer cooperative play cooperative play - correct answer activity in which children actually play with one another anticipatory grief - correct answer grief experienced prior to a loss complicated grief - correct answer Extends for more than 1 year following the loss parental grief - correct answer Intense long-lasting and complex Differences in maternal and paternal sibling grief - correct answer Differs from adult/parental grief Reactions depend on age and developmental stage Toddler's View of Death - correct answer no concept of death may regress may mimic parents emotions preschoolers view of death - correct answer temporary and magical death is punishment for bad behavior school-age view of death - correct answer uncooperative behavior adult view of death Adolescence view of death - correct answer adult concept of death rely on peers rather than parents body image signs of death in children - correct answer heat when body is cold loss of senses decreased LOC bradycardia hypotension Cheyenne-strokes respirations swallowing difficulties after death nursing care - correct answer allow family to be with body as long as wants remove tubes and equipment allow family to help get the body ready allow family to rock the infant or toddler acute neurological disorders - correct answer meningitis and reyes syndrome meningitis - correct answer inflammation of the meninges of the CSF and meninges Reye's syndrome - correct answer life threatening acute encephalopathy and fatty changes of the liver viral meningitis is....? - correct answer aseptic what type of care is needed for viral meningitis - correct answer supportive care bacterial meningitis is...? - correct answer septic, contagious what does prognosis of bacterial meningitis depend on? - correct answer how quickly care is initiated expected findings of meningitis - correct answer photophobia nausea irritability headache Brudzinski's sign - correct answer Severe neck stiffness causes a patient's hips and knees to flex when the neck is flexed. when is Brudzinski's sign applicable - correct answer 2 to adolescents what vaccines prevent bacterial meningitis - correct answer PCV and Hib vaccine meningitis in newborns signs - correct answer poor muscle tone weak cry no eating LATE SIGN of meningitis in newborns - correct answer bulging fontanels positive signs of meningitis in 2-adolescents - correct answer positive Brudzinski's sign positive kernig sign Kernig sign - correct answer resistance to knee extension when the hips are flexed initial sign in 2 - adolescents for meningitis - correct answer seizures lab tests for meningitis - correct answer CSF procedure for meningitis - correct answer lumbar puncture CSF in bacterial meningitis - correct answer CLOUDY color elevated WBC elevated protein decrease glucose POSITIVE GRAM STAIN CSF in viral meningitis - correct answer CLEAR color slightly elevated WBC normal or slightly elevated protein normal glucose NEGATIVE GRAM STAIN nursing actions for lumbar puncture - correct answer side-lying EMPTY BLADDER EMLA cream 45-60 min prior post nursing care for lumbar puncture and why - correct answer laying flat and in bed for 48 hours after procedure to prevent spinal headache and leakage of fluids precautions for someone who is thought to have meningitis - correct answer DROPLET infants signs for ICP (intracranial pressure) - correct answer bulging fontanels increased head circumference high pitch cry bradycardia child signs for ICP (intracranial pressure) - correct answer headache nausea vomit resp changes seizures Reye's syndrome is related to....? - correct answer giving children aspirin Reyes syndrome typically follows a..? - correct answer viral infection (flu, varicella) lab tests for Reyes - correct answer AST and ALT diagnostic test done for Reyes syndrome - correct answer liver biopsy CSF analysis what is a common analysis used for both meningitis and reyes syndrome - correct answer CSF analysis what is used only in reyes and not in meningitis - correct answer liver biopsy tonic-clonic seizure - correct answer a seizure characterized by both a tonic and a clonic phase onset without warning Phases of tonic-clonic seizure - correct answer tonic clonic postictal tonic phase - correct answer arms and legs flexed neck and head extend loss of consciousness how long does tonic phase last - correct answer 10-30 seconds clonic phase - correct answer violent jerking of the body foaming of the mouth can be incontinent how long does clonic phase last - correct answer 30-50 seconds postictal state - correct answer sleeps for hours lack of coordination feels tired and can complain of sore muscles confused how long are you in a postictal state - correct answer 30 minutes what seizure do you see most commonly with school aged children - correct answer absence seizure absence seizure - correct answer loss of consciousness for 5-10 seconds thought to be daydreaming myoclonic seizure - correct answer brief contraction of muscle or group -no postichtal phase Atonic or akinetic seizure - correct answer loss of muscle tone for a few seconds frequently results in falling diagnostic test for seizure - correct answer EEG