Resume

complete samenvatting Heritage: Climate and Sustainability (2024)

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Universiteit Antwerpen (UA)

Overzichtelijke en complete samenvatting van alle lessen van het vak Heritage: Climate and Sustainability van docent Tim De Kock (keuzevak van erfgoedstudies, architectuur). De samenvatting is in het Engels, net zoals de lessen.

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Publié le 9 juillet 2024
Nombre de pages 77
Écrit en 2023/2024
Type Resume

heritage
climate
sustainability
erfgoed
erfgoedstudies
master
klimaat
architectuur
architecture
duurzaamheid

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Heritage: Climate and Sustainability

Samenvatting Heritage: Climate and Sustainability

Les 1. Heritage: Climate and Sustainability
Les 2.1 SDGs and Cultural Heritage
Les 2.2 Natural World Heritage Sites and sustainability
Les 3.1 SDGs and Climate Action
Les 3.2 Climate Change and Urban Heat Islands
Les 4. Climate Change Risks for Heritage
Les 5. Mitigation and Adaptation
Les 6. Embodied and operational carbon

1

, Heritage: Climate and Sustainability

Les 1. Heritage: Climate and Sustainability
Content
• What is sustainability
• Relation between sustainability and the UNESCO Agenda 2030 = SDG’s
o What does this relation mean for heritage
• Climate and climate change
o Policy and Instruments
o Climate Emergency
o Climate change risk assessments for cultural heritage
o Climate Action
o Climate change and built heritage (cases)
• Guest lectures
o Dr. Blen Gemenda (27.02)
o Dr. Steven Caluwaerts (05.03)

Sustainable development

Brundtland Report (1987)
How does sustainability relate to the future?

The term has been used for quite some time:
ﬁrst deﬁnition in the Brundtland Report 1987

‘sustainable development is any development that meets the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs’

We meet the standards of today,
and making sure that future generations can meet their needs as well

Not about doing less, but about doing things in a way that they can be kept for future generations

- Brundtland Report 1987 was a tipping point in mainstreaming ‘sustainable development’
- After this it became an item on the political agenda
- At that moment it had an indirect focus on ‘people, planet, proﬁt’ aspects
o People as in the social structures
o Planet as in the general environment
o Proﬁt as in economic development

The text had a long description of sustainable development
It came down to some key problems  poverty & unsustainable production/consumption
(none about climate!)

Their ambitions: equity (everybody had the same chances, same needs)
through change (political change, changing the social system, top-down changes)
either by developing technology and through diﬀerent social (and institutional) organizations

2

, Heritage: Climate and Sustainability

This tipping point, the Brundtland Report 1987,
brought a deﬁnition of what was already happening:
mankind has always pursued sustainability, either on purpose or not.

But the focus of how we look at sustainability has evolved:

Pre-industrial: environmental conservation
middle ages:
people live in close association with their environment, to ensure they have long-term survival

Triple Farming System (example of environmental sustainability from the past)
3 farm grounds: every year you use the same grounds for a diﬀerent purpose
(summer crops, winter crops, 1 year no farming to let soil repair)

you have to be in balance with your environment if you want to survive

example of unsustainable practice from the past:
Dune swallowed Abbey

• Dunes migrate with wind
• Dune vegetation keeps dune stable
• They chopped down the vegetation to use for their needs
• But this was not sustainable: created issues for the future
• The dune swallowed the abbey

Unsustainable issues also happen without industrial technology.

3

, Heritage: Climate and Sustainability

Early Industrial: environmental and resource conservation
1. Resource availability
2. Environmental quality (air pollution, water contamination)

Evolution from purely environmental to resource conservation  made people think  “the power
of population is indeﬁnitely greater than the power in the earth to produce subsistence for man”

Industrial revolution: more production: food
because we have food, people have more children (times are good)
but because we have more people, we fall in scarcity again
leads to more consummation and more production  paradox

Post WWII: Economic development
New tipping point:
Sustainability is shifting towards economic development

After WWII a lot of eﬀorts are done to restore local economies, but also globalize economies
‘how do we leverage the economy of less developed countries?’

Shift from sustainable development from environmental, to resources, to economic development.
And then we get to the big critical thinking:

Club of Rome: Limits to growth (1972)
In the 60’s: a lot of concern about social structures, environment
RISE OF MODERN ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENT

Next big tipping point:
 a publication by the Club of Rome (association of academics & critical thinkers)
 manuscript called ‘Limits to growth’ 1972

In this they create a counter-discourse arguing that the
modern growth-based economy was unsustainable on a ﬁnite planet

Modern way of growing is unsustainable because the earth is ﬁnite: limits on the resources we use

 Club of Rome predict tipping point 2000-2050

They argue that we have to change our ways: behavioural change
A lot of people are still convinced of this model and think behavioural change is important
But not everyone is convinced: they think technology will ﬁnd a solution
Truthfully, it is somewhere in the middle

4

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