Bio 114 Exam 4 (UA) Questions and Answers Already Passed
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Bio 114 Exm 4
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Bio 114 Exm 4
Bio 114 Exam 4 (UA) Questions and
Answers Already Passed
What is referred to as the "switch" in a DNA segment?
The "switch" is known as the operator, a DNA segment typically located within the promoter
region.
What role does a repressor play in gene regulation?
A repressor is a protein ...
Bio 114 Exam 4 (UA) Questions and
Answers Already Passed
What is referred to as the "switch" in a DNA segment?
✔✔The "switch" is known as the operator, a DNA segment typically located within the promoter
region.
What role does a repressor play in gene regulation?
✔✔A repressor is a protein that attaches to an operator and obstructs RNA polymerase from
attaching to the promoter.
What is a corepressor?
✔✔A corepressor is a molecule that works in conjunction with a repressor protein to deactivate
an operon.
What is an inducer in the context of gene regulation?
✔✔An inducer is a specific small molecule that deactivates a repressor, enabling the operon to
be activated.
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,What does cell differentiation involve?
✔✔Cell differentiation is the process through which a cell develops into a specialized type,
tailored for a particular function or structure.
What are cytoplasmic determinants?
✔✔Cytoplasmic determinants are maternal factors within the egg that guide the early
developmental stages of an embryo.
What are oncogenes?
✔✔Oncogenes are genes found in certain viruses that can induce cancer.
What are proto-oncogenes?
✔✔Proto-oncogenes are normal cellular genes that regulate typical cell growth and division.
What function do tumor suppressor genes serve?
✔✔Tumor suppressor genes typically help to control and prevent abnormal cell proliferation.
What roles do tumor-suppressor proteins play?
2
, ✔✔Tumor-suppressor proteins are involved in repairing DNA damage, regulating cell adhesion,
and controlling cell-signaling pathways that inhibit cell cycle progression.
How is a virus defined?
✔✔A virus is an infectious entity composed of genetic material encased in a protein coat.
What is a capsid?
✔✔The capsid is the protein shell surrounding a viral genome, which can be rod-shaped,
polyhedral, or have a more complex structure.
What are capsomeres?
✔✔Capsomeres are the individual protein subunits that make up the capsid.
What is the lytic cycle?
✔✔The lytic cycle is a type of phage replication process that leads to the destruction of the host
cell.
What does the lytic cycle generate?
3
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