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Musculoskeletal Disorders Practice Questions and answers correctly solved

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Musculoskeletal Disorders Practice Questions and answers correctly solved The nurse is caring for an older client diagnosed with a herniated nucleus pulposus of L4-5. Which scientific rationale explains the incidence of a ruptured disk in the older clients? 1. The client did not use good body me...

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  • 18 août 2024
  • 88
  • 2024/2025
  • Examen
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Musculoskeletal Disorders Practice
Questions
The nurse is caring for an older client diagnosed with a herniated nucleus
pulposus of L4-5. Which scientific rationale explains the incidence of a
ruptured disk in the older clients?


1. The client did not use good body mechanics when lifting an object.
2. There is an increased blood supply to the back as the body ages.
3. Older clients develop atherosclerotic joint disease as a result of fat
deposits.
4. Clients develop intervertebral disk degeneration as they age.
Answer: 4


1. Back pain occurs in 80% to 90% of the population at different times in their
lives. Although not using good body mechanics when lifting an object may be
a reason for younger clients to develop a herniated disk, it is not the reason
most older people develop back pain.
2. There is a decreased blood supply as the body ages.
3. Older clients develop degenerative joint disease. Fat does not deposit itself
in the nucleus pulposus.
4. Less blood supply, degeneration of the disk, and arthritis are reasons older
people develop back problems.


TEST-TAKING HINT: The clue in this question is "older." The answer must
address a problem occurring as a result of aging.

,The 34-year-old male client presents to the outpatient clinic reporting
numbness and pain radiating down the left leg. Which further data should the
nurse assess?


1. Posture and gait.


2. Bending and stooping.


3. Leg lifts and arm swing.


4. Waist twists and neck mobility.


Answer: 1


1. Posture and gait will be affected if the client is experiencing sciatica (pain
radiating down a leg resulting from pressure on the sciatic nerve).
2. The client with pain and numbness is not able to bend or stoop and should
not be asked to do so.
3. Leg lifts will not give the nurse the needed information and could cause this
client pain; also, the lower extremity, not the upper extremity, is being
assessed.
4. Waist twists will not assess the mobility of the lower extremity, and neck
mobility is assessed if a cervical neck problem is suspected.


TEST-TAKING HINT: Anatomical positioning and the function of spinal nerves
rule out options "3" and "4."

,The occupational health nurse is preparing an in-service for a group of
workers in a warehouse. Which information should be included to help prevent
on-the-job injuries?


1. Increase sodium and potassium in the diet during the winter months.


2. Use the large thigh muscles when lifting and hold the weight near the body.


3. Use soft-cushioned chairs when performing desk duties.


4. Have the employee arrange for assistance with household chores.


Answer: 2


1. Increased calcium, not potassium or sodium, is helpful in preventing
orthopedic injuries. Increasing sodium intake could prevent water loss in a
non-air-conditioned warehouse in the summer months, not the winter months.
2. These are instructions to prevent back injuries as a result of poor body
mechanics.
3. Soft-cushioned chairs are not ergonomically designed. Soft-cushioned
chairs promote poor body posture.
4. This might help the client prevent back injuries at home, but it does not
prevent job-related injuries.


TEST-TAKING HINT: The question is asking for information that will prevent
on-the-job back injuries. Option "4" can be ruled out because of this. The two
electrolytes in option "1" are not associated with orthopedic injuries or bones,
thus ruling out this option.

, The occupational health nurse is planning health promotion activities for a
group of factory workers. Which activity is an example of primary prevention
for clients at risk for low back pain?


1. Teach back exercises to workers after returning from an injury.


2. Place signs in the work area about how to perform first aid.


3. Start a weight-reduction group to meet at lunchtime.


4. Administer a nonnarcotic analgesic to a client reporting back pain.


Answer: 3


1. Teaching back exercises to a client already experiencing a problem is
tertiary care.


2. Placing signs with instructions about how to render first aid is a secondary
intervention, not primary prevention.


3. Excess weight increases the workload on the vertebrae. Weight-loss
activities help to prevent back injury.


4. Administering a nonnarcotic analgesic to a client with back pain is an
example of secondary or tertiary care, depending on whether the client has a
one-time problem or a chronic problem with back pain.

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