Davenport University Chapters 23, 25, 27 NURS217: Health
Assessment in Nursing - Exam 5 Questions With Complete
Solutions
What aging changes occur in the female genitourinary system?
Correct Answers Perimenopause
•Age 40-44
•One to two-year decline in ovarian function with irregular
menses
•Symptoms: night sweats, hot flashes, insomnia, headache
Menopause
Cessation of menses = not had a period for 12 months
-> Occurs between 44-51 years of age (average is higher)
•Cells in the reproductive system are estrogen dependent
•Uterus shrinks in size, ovaries atrophy, ligaments relax, and
pelvic musculature weakens and uterus droops
•Vagina becomes shorter and less elastic, vaginal epithelium
thins = intercourse discomfort
What are abnormal findings about the female genitourinary
system? Correct Answers •Candidiasis
-> Yeast infection causing pruritis and thick, white discharge.
Caused from recent use of antibiotics (which need 2 types of
contraceptives)
•Tubal ligation via laparoscope
What are abnormal findings about the male genitourinary
system? Correct Answers •Genital herpes: clusters of small
vesicles with surrounding erythema; on glans, foreskin and anus;
initial infection lasts 7-10 days, remains dormant indefinitely
,-> NO CURE
•Hydrocele: collection of serous fluid surrounding the testis
from trauma, hernia or epididymitis; painless swelling of the
scrotum; skin on the scrotum looks taut (on a pillow, very
painful)
•Priapism: prolonged painful erection unrelieved by intercourse
or masturbation; occurs as a side effect of erectile dysfunction
medication or street drugs
•Prostate cancer screening:
-> Screening guidelines:
•Prostate specific antigen (PSA) blood test and physical exam
(DRE) annually
•Average risk after 50
•Higher risk after 45 (African Americans and positive family
history)
•Very high risk after 40 (multiple family members with prostate
cancer)
What are the 2 conditions caused by rheumatoid arthritis?
Correct Answers Swan neck
•Flexion contraction of the metacarpophalangeal joint
•Often accompanied by ulnar drift
Boutonnière deformity
•Knuckle looks like it is being pushed through a buttonhole
, What are the aging changes in the male genitourinary system?
Correct Answers •Sperm production decreases around age 40;
continues into the 80s and 90s
•Testosterone production slowly declines after age 30
•Penis size decreases; scrotum looks more pendulous
•Rugae decrease
•Decreased sexual activity due to:
-> Side effects of medication (antihypertensives, sedatives,
alcohol); fatigue; lack of privacy; loss of spouse; depression
What are the components of the musculoskeletal system?
Correct Answers •Bones
•Joints- where 2 or more bones meet
•Functional units of the musculoskeletal system
•Permit mobility for ADLs
•Ligaments- attach bone to bone
•Tendons- attach bone to muscle
-> Largest is Achilles
What are the functions of the musculoskeletal system? Correct
Answers •Support- to stand erect
•Movement
•Protect the inner vital organs; brain, spinal cord and heart
•Produce RBC, WBC and platelets in the bone marrow
(hematopoiesis)
•Storage of essential minerals (Ca and Ph)
-> Vitamin D from food and sun, we need 30 minutes every day
unprotected
What are the muscle movements? Correct Answers •Flexion-
bending a limb at a joint (shorten angle)
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