Exam 4 Burns (NCLEX) Exam Questions and Answers Latest Update
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A patient comes into the emergency department with a chemical burn from contact with lye. Assessment and treatment of this patient will be based on what knowledge regarding this type of burn? (Select all that apply)
1. This is an alkali burn.
2. This type of burn tends to be deeper.
3. This is...
a patient comes into the emergency department with
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Exam 4 Burns (NCLEX) Exam Questions
and Answers Latest Update
A patient comes into the emergency department with a chemical burn from contact with
lye. Assessment and treatment of this patient will be based on what knowledge
regarding this type of burn? (Select all that apply)
1. This is an alkali burn.
2. This type of burn tends to be deeper.
3. This is an acid burn.
4. This type of burn will be easier to neutralize.
5. This type of burn tends to be more superficial. - Answer-12
Rationale: This is an alkali burn which is more difficult to neutralize than an acid burn
and tends to have a deeper penetration and be more severe than a burn caused by an
acid.
A patient arrives at the emergency department with an electrical burn. What
assessment questions should the nurse ask in determining the possible severity of the
burn injury? Select all that apply.
1. What type of current was involved?
2. How long was the patient in contact with the current?
3. How much voltage was involved?
4. Where was the patient when the burn occurred?
5. What was the point of contact with the current? - Answer-123
Rationale: The severity of electrical burns depends on the type and duration of the
current and amount of voltage. Location is not important in determining possible
severity. Location is not important in determining possible severity.
A nurse sees a patient get struck by lightning during a thunder storm on a golf course.
What should be the FIRST action by the nurse?
1. Check breathing and circulation.
2. Look for entrance and exit wounds.
3. Cover the patient to prevent heat loss.
4. Move the patient indoors to a dry place.
5. Get the patient up off the ground. - Answer-1
Rationale: Cardiopulmonary arrest is the most common cause of death from lightening.
Respiratory and cardiac status should be assessed immediately to determine if CPR is
necessary. All other actions are secondary.
A nurse is teaching a class of older adults at a senior center about household cleaning
agents that may cause burns. Which agents should be included in these instructions?
(Select all that apply)
,1. drain cleaners
2. household ammonia
3. oven cleaner
4. toiler bowl cleaner
5. lemon oil furniture polish - Answer-1234
Rationale: All of the products except for the furniture polish can cause burns since they
are either alkalis or acids.
A patient, experiencing a burn that is pale and waxy with large flat blisters, asks the
nurse about the severity of the burn and how long it will take to heal. With which of the
following should the nurse respond to this patient?
1. The wound is a deep partial-thickness burn, and will take more than three weeks to
heal.
2. The wound is a partial-thickness burn, and could take up to two weeks to heal.
3. The wound is a superficial burn, and will take up to three weeks to heal.
4. The wound is a full-thickness burn and will take one to two weeks to heal.
5. Wound healing is individualized. - Answer-1
Rationale: The wound described is a deep partial-thickness burn. Deep partial-thickness
wounds will take more than three weeks to heal. A superficial burn is bright red and
moist, and might appear glistening with blister formation. The healing time for this type
of wound is within 21 days. A full thickness burn involves all layers of the skin and may
extend into the underlying tissue. These burns take many weeks to heal. Stating that
wound healing is individualized does not answer the patient's question about the
severity of the burn.
In order for the nurse to correctly classify a burn injury, which of the following does the
nurse need to assess?
Select all that apply.
1. the depth of the burn
2. extent of burns on the body
3. the causative agent and the duration of exposure.
4. location of burns on the body
5. the time that the burn occurred - Answer-1234
Rationale: Depth of the burn (the layers of underlying tissue affected) and extent of the
burn (the percentage of body surface area involved) are used in determining the amount
of tissue damage and classification of the burn.The causative agent is especially
important with chemical burns such as from strong acids or alkaline agents. The
location of the burns on the body is one of the important determinates of classification.
For example, burns of the face and hands are always considered major burns. Time of
occurrence of the burn is not necessary for classification.
A patient has a scald burn on the arm that is bright red, moist, and has several blisters.
The nurse would classify this burn as which of the following?
, Select all that apply.
1. a superficial partial-thickness burn
2. a thermal burn
3. a superficial burn
4. a deep partial-thickness burn
5. a full-thickness burn - Answer-12
Rationale: Superficial partial-thickness burn if often bright red, has a moist, glistening
appearance and blister formation. Thermal burns result from exposure to dry or moist
heat. A superficial burn is reddened with possible slight edema over the area. A deep
partial-thickness burn often appears waxy and pale and may be moist or dry. A full-
thickness burn may appear pale, waxy, yellow, brown, mottled, charred, or non-
blanching red with a dry, leathery, firm wound surface.
A 25-year-old patient is admitted with partial-thickness injuries over 20% of the total
body surface area involving both lower legs. The nurse would classify this injury as
being which of the following?
1. a moderate burn
2. a minor burn
3. a major burn
4. a severe burn
5. an intermediate burn - Answer-1
Rationale 1: A moderate burn is a partial-thickness injury that is between 15%-25% of
total body surface area in adults.
A patient has sustained a partial-thickness injury of 28% of total body surface area
(TBSA) and full-thickness injury of 30% or greater of TBSA. How should the nurse
classify this burn injury?
1. major
2. moderate
3. minor
4. superficial
5. intermediate - Answer-1
Rationale 1: Partial-thickness injuries of greater than 25% of total body surface area in
adults and full-thickness injuries 10% or greater of TBSA are considered major burns.
A 70-year-old patient has experienced a sunburn over much of the body. What self-care
technique is MOST important to emphasize to an older adult in dealing with the effects
of the sunburn?
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