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Industrial Psychology CH 8, 9, 10 Exam Questions with Correct Answers
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drive - Answer-Nonhuman equivalent of "motives" and "needs." field theory - Answer-Approach developed by Kurt Lewin, who proposed that various forces in the psychological environment interacted and combined to yield a final course of action. motivation - Answer-Concerns the conditions respo...

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  • 17 septembre 2024
  • 14
  • 2024/2025
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Industrial Psychology CH 8, 9, 10 Exam
Questions with Correct Answers
drive - Answer-Nonhuman equivalent of "motives" and "needs."

field theory - Answer-Approach developed by Kurt Lewin, who
proposed that various forces in the psychological environment
interacted and combined to yield a final course of action.

motivation - Answer-Concerns the conditions responsible for
variations in intensity, persistence, quality, and direction of
ongoing behavior.

instinct - Answer-Inborn tendency that is thought to direct behavior.

need - Answer-Internal motivation that is thought to be inborn
and universally present in humans.

behaviorist approach - Answer-Approach developed by B. F.
Skinner that placed the emphasis for behavior and directed
activity directly on the environment rather than on any
internal needs or instincts.

field theory - Answer-Approach developed by Kurt Lewin, who
proposed that various forces in the psychological environment
interacted and combined to yield a final course of action.

group dynamics - Answer-Field that grew out of the application of
Kurt Lewin's field theory to industry.

Person as machine - Answer-Metaphor that suggests that people's
behaviors/actions are reflexive and involuntary and are performed
without conscious awareness.

Person as scientist - Answer-Metaphor that suggests that people are
active information gatherers and analysts who seek knowledge
and understanding as a way of mastering their environment.

Limited rationality - Answer-The inability of humans to reason
and make decisions in perfectly rational ways.

person as judge - Answer-Metaphor in which an individual seeks
information about the extent to which the person and others
are perceived as responsible for positive and negative

, events. The person looks for evidence of intention in the
actions of others and considers those intentions in choosing
a personal course of action.

Work-life balance - Answer-Area of research that investigates
whether the satisfaction that one experiences at work is in
part affected by the satisfaction that one experiences in
nonwork and vice versa, particularly to the extent that one
environment has demands that conflict with the other.

Attitudes - Answer-Relatively stable feelings or beliefs that are directed
toward specific persons, groups, ideas, jobs, or other
objects.

Maslow's need theory - Answer-Theory that proposed that all humans
have a basic set of needs and that these needs express
themselves over the life span of the individual as internal
"pushes" or drives. Identified five basic needs sets: physiological,
security, love or social, esteem, and self-actualization.

Two-factor theory - Answer-Theory proposed by Herzberg that
suggested that there were really two basic needs, not five as
suggested by Maslow, and that they were not so much hierarchically
arranged as independent of one another.

Hygiene needs - Answer-Lower-level needs described in Herzberg's
two-factor theory. Herzberg proposed that meeting these needs
would eliminate dissatisfaction, but would not result in
motivated behavior or a state of positive satisfaction.

Motivator needs - Answer-Higher-level needs described in Herzberg's
two-factor theory. Herzberg proposed that meeting such
needs resulted in the expenditure of effort as well as
satisfaction.

Reinforcement theory - Answer-Theory that proposes that behavior
depends on three simple elements: stimulus, response, and reward. Proposed that if a
response in the presence of a particular
stimulus is rewarded (i.e., reinforced), that response
is likely to occur again in the presence of that stimulus.

Contingent reward - Answer-System in which a reward depends on
or is contingent on a particular response.

Intermittent reward - Answer-System in which only a portion of
correct responses are rewarded.

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