HESI GERIATRICS EXAM TEST BANK 300 QUESTIONS WITH
100% CORRECT ANSWERS UPDATED real
Dialysis patients are encouraged to eat lean meat, including red meat. High quality
proteins produce less waste and help the body heal and maintain regular processes.
Dialysis patients should avoid foods high in potassium, including avocado, banana, and
dried fruit, and should eat other potassium-containing foods in moderation.
Your 89-year-old patient presents with dyspepsia and nausea. After testing, you
determine she is positive for Peptic Ulcer Disease. Of the following, which would LEAST
likely be a differential diagnosis for Peptic Ulcer Disease?
Cholecystitis.
Migraines.
Gastric carcinoma.
Cardiovascular disease. - Migraines
Peptic Ulcer Disease is a gastrointestinal disorder. Other differential diagnoses of the
condition are pancreatitis and biliary tract disease.
There are a good many diseases affecting the elderly that are the result of smoking.
Counseling regarding smoking cessation is part of the GNP's job. The components of
brief intervention for treating tobacco use are:
Counsel, Document, Caution, Describe, Demonstrate
Advise, Confer, Describe, Document, Prescribe
Advise, Counsel, Intervene, Prescribe, Follow-up
Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange - Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange
Ask about tobacco use, Advise to quit, Assess willingness to make an attempt to quit,
Assist in this quit attempt. Arrange a follow-up.
Mrs. Frasier, an 50-year-old patient, presents with a mosquito bite that she is concerned
about. How do you diagnose this?
Cyst.
Bulla.
Wheal.
Plaques. – Wheal
The cleansing of the stomach with solution delivered through a nasogastric tube is
known as what?
,Gavage
Emesis
Lavage
Stomach pumping - Lavage
Gastric lavage is used to cleanse the stomach of a poison, overdose of medication, or
other toxic substance. It is delivered through a nasogastric tube
You are providing care to a patient who has recently begun dialysis. Her daughter, with
whom she lives and who prepares many of her meals, asks what types of foods she
should incorporate into her diet and which she should avoid. Which of the following is
NOT a food that this patient should be advised to avoid?
Avocado.
Lean red meat.
Dried fruit.
Bananas. - Lean red meat
Cyst: encapsulated, fluid-filled mass that varies in size. Bulla: fluid-filled, elevated,
circumscribed lesion that's larger than 5mm. Wheal: circumscribed, reddening with
transient elevation lesion that's 0.5 to 10mm diameter. Plaques: usually a grouping of
papules; elevated and a variety of shapes; larger than 5mm.
Which of the following groups should be tested for abdominal aortic aneurysm?
males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
females aged 65-75 who have hypertension
males and females over 75
females over 75 - males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is more prevalent in males than in females. The
American Heart Association recommends screening males once between ages 65-75 if
they have ever smoked since that increases the risk of AAA.
With a giardia lamblia diagnosis, the NP would MOST likely prescribe what medication?
Metronidazole.
Erythromycin.
Ampicillin.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. - Metronidazole.
The preceding drugs are typically used in treating the following: - Campylobacter jejuni:
Erythromycin - Salmonella: Ampicillin - Shigella: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole -
Giardia lamblia: Metronidazole
,A 65-year-old Caucasian male calls your office. He tells you he just came in from the
woods and discovered a tick on his upper right thigh. He reports self removal of the tick
and now the area is slightly red. What should you advise him to do?
He should come to the office for a ceftriaxone (Rocephin) injection.
He should be prescribed doxycycline.
He needs no treatment.
He needs a topical scrub to prevent Lyme Disease. - He needs no treatment.
To develop Lyme Disease from a tick bite, many factors must be present. The tick must
belong to Ixodes species and must have been attached for at least 48 hours before the
disease can spread. There is no need for prophylactic treatment in this case because
the tick has not been present long enough.
As part of the treatment plan for your elderly patient, you recommend he see an
Ophthalmologist. What body part(s) will this doctor evaluate?
Brain / nerves.
Eyes.
Bones / Joints / Muscles.
Ears / Throat. - Eyes
Neurologist - Brain / nerves Ophthalmologist - Eyes Orthopedist - Bones / Joints /
Muscles Otolaryngologist - Ears / Throat
As a GNP you understand that due to physiological changes of aging, some laboratory
test results will have age-related changes. Which of the following values would be the
least likely to be affected?
red blood cell values
white blood cell counts
platelet range
hemoglobin values - platelet range
Due to the physiological changes of aging, red blood cell values tend to decrease, white
blood cell counts tend to decrease slightly, hemoglobin values slightly decrease, but
platelet range does not vary.
The family of a patient with dementia has asked you to tell them more about this
condition. You would tell them all of the following except:
Dementia is the leading reason for institutionalization of older adults.
Some persons diagnosed with dementia have reversible pseudodementia.
Irreversible dementia has a gradual onset and a progressive downward course.
50% of the older adult population suffer from some form of dementia. - 50% of the older
adult population suffer from some form of dementia.
, This statement is not true. It is estimated that between 10 and 20% of the older adult
population suffer from some form of dementia. There are 1.2 million cases in the United
States in people over the age of 65.
What is true regarding deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Contrast venography is the most commonly used test to diagnose this.
Because the presentation of DVT varies, making the diagnosis from clinical
presentation alone is problematic.
Hypocoagulation state presents a considerable risk for DVT.
Therapy for patients with DVT is aimed at easing the pain. - Because the presentation
of DVT varies, making the diagnosis from clinical presentation alone is problematic.
Choice B is the right answer. Contrast venography has the greatest sensitivity and
specificity for the condition but due to the cost and nature of the test, ultrasound is more
common as first-line diagnostic technique (choice A). A hypercoagulation state presents
a considerable risk for DVT (choice C). Therapy for patients with DVT is aimed at
minimizing the risk of pulmonary embolism and extension of peripheral thrombus
(choice D).
It has been determined that an elderly patient is suffering from long term insomnia.
Which of the following is LESS likely to be considered a long term cause of the
condition?
Nocturia.
Environmental changes.
Congestive heart failure.
Alcohol and substance abuse. - Environmental changes.
There are various causes of insomnia in the elderly. While some may be the cause of
short term insomnia and others long term insomnia, long term insomnia is more
common in the elderly than short term.
In terms of the elderly which of the following is NOT true of hypothyroidism?
Symptoms are often similar to normal aging changes making it difficult to detect in older
adults.
Symptoms usually have an insidious onset.
It usually occurs before age 50.
There is a greater risk for developing myxedema coma, which is life-threatening. - It
usually occurs before age 50.
Hypothyroidism usually occurs after age 50. It is often diagnosed as depression. You
must use caution against abruptly discontinuing medication.
100% CORRECT ANSWERS UPDATED real
Dialysis patients are encouraged to eat lean meat, including red meat. High quality
proteins produce less waste and help the body heal and maintain regular processes.
Dialysis patients should avoid foods high in potassium, including avocado, banana, and
dried fruit, and should eat other potassium-containing foods in moderation.
Your 89-year-old patient presents with dyspepsia and nausea. After testing, you
determine she is positive for Peptic Ulcer Disease. Of the following, which would LEAST
likely be a differential diagnosis for Peptic Ulcer Disease?
Cholecystitis.
Migraines.
Gastric carcinoma.
Cardiovascular disease. - Migraines
Peptic Ulcer Disease is a gastrointestinal disorder. Other differential diagnoses of the
condition are pancreatitis and biliary tract disease.
There are a good many diseases affecting the elderly that are the result of smoking.
Counseling regarding smoking cessation is part of the GNP's job. The components of
brief intervention for treating tobacco use are:
Counsel, Document, Caution, Describe, Demonstrate
Advise, Confer, Describe, Document, Prescribe
Advise, Counsel, Intervene, Prescribe, Follow-up
Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange - Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange
Ask about tobacco use, Advise to quit, Assess willingness to make an attempt to quit,
Assist in this quit attempt. Arrange a follow-up.
Mrs. Frasier, an 50-year-old patient, presents with a mosquito bite that she is concerned
about. How do you diagnose this?
Cyst.
Bulla.
Wheal.
Plaques. – Wheal
The cleansing of the stomach with solution delivered through a nasogastric tube is
known as what?
,Gavage
Emesis
Lavage
Stomach pumping - Lavage
Gastric lavage is used to cleanse the stomach of a poison, overdose of medication, or
other toxic substance. It is delivered through a nasogastric tube
You are providing care to a patient who has recently begun dialysis. Her daughter, with
whom she lives and who prepares many of her meals, asks what types of foods she
should incorporate into her diet and which she should avoid. Which of the following is
NOT a food that this patient should be advised to avoid?
Avocado.
Lean red meat.
Dried fruit.
Bananas. - Lean red meat
Cyst: encapsulated, fluid-filled mass that varies in size. Bulla: fluid-filled, elevated,
circumscribed lesion that's larger than 5mm. Wheal: circumscribed, reddening with
transient elevation lesion that's 0.5 to 10mm diameter. Plaques: usually a grouping of
papules; elevated and a variety of shapes; larger than 5mm.
Which of the following groups should be tested for abdominal aortic aneurysm?
males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
females aged 65-75 who have hypertension
males and females over 75
females over 75 - males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is more prevalent in males than in females. The
American Heart Association recommends screening males once between ages 65-75 if
they have ever smoked since that increases the risk of AAA.
With a giardia lamblia diagnosis, the NP would MOST likely prescribe what medication?
Metronidazole.
Erythromycin.
Ampicillin.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. - Metronidazole.
The preceding drugs are typically used in treating the following: - Campylobacter jejuni:
Erythromycin - Salmonella: Ampicillin - Shigella: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole -
Giardia lamblia: Metronidazole
,A 65-year-old Caucasian male calls your office. He tells you he just came in from the
woods and discovered a tick on his upper right thigh. He reports self removal of the tick
and now the area is slightly red. What should you advise him to do?
He should come to the office for a ceftriaxone (Rocephin) injection.
He should be prescribed doxycycline.
He needs no treatment.
He needs a topical scrub to prevent Lyme Disease. - He needs no treatment.
To develop Lyme Disease from a tick bite, many factors must be present. The tick must
belong to Ixodes species and must have been attached for at least 48 hours before the
disease can spread. There is no need for prophylactic treatment in this case because
the tick has not been present long enough.
As part of the treatment plan for your elderly patient, you recommend he see an
Ophthalmologist. What body part(s) will this doctor evaluate?
Brain / nerves.
Eyes.
Bones / Joints / Muscles.
Ears / Throat. - Eyes
Neurologist - Brain / nerves Ophthalmologist - Eyes Orthopedist - Bones / Joints /
Muscles Otolaryngologist - Ears / Throat
As a GNP you understand that due to physiological changes of aging, some laboratory
test results will have age-related changes. Which of the following values would be the
least likely to be affected?
red blood cell values
white blood cell counts
platelet range
hemoglobin values - platelet range
Due to the physiological changes of aging, red blood cell values tend to decrease, white
blood cell counts tend to decrease slightly, hemoglobin values slightly decrease, but
platelet range does not vary.
The family of a patient with dementia has asked you to tell them more about this
condition. You would tell them all of the following except:
Dementia is the leading reason for institutionalization of older adults.
Some persons diagnosed with dementia have reversible pseudodementia.
Irreversible dementia has a gradual onset and a progressive downward course.
50% of the older adult population suffer from some form of dementia. - 50% of the older
adult population suffer from some form of dementia.
, This statement is not true. It is estimated that between 10 and 20% of the older adult
population suffer from some form of dementia. There are 1.2 million cases in the United
States in people over the age of 65.
What is true regarding deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Contrast venography is the most commonly used test to diagnose this.
Because the presentation of DVT varies, making the diagnosis from clinical
presentation alone is problematic.
Hypocoagulation state presents a considerable risk for DVT.
Therapy for patients with DVT is aimed at easing the pain. - Because the presentation
of DVT varies, making the diagnosis from clinical presentation alone is problematic.
Choice B is the right answer. Contrast venography has the greatest sensitivity and
specificity for the condition but due to the cost and nature of the test, ultrasound is more
common as first-line diagnostic technique (choice A). A hypercoagulation state presents
a considerable risk for DVT (choice C). Therapy for patients with DVT is aimed at
minimizing the risk of pulmonary embolism and extension of peripheral thrombus
(choice D).
It has been determined that an elderly patient is suffering from long term insomnia.
Which of the following is LESS likely to be considered a long term cause of the
condition?
Nocturia.
Environmental changes.
Congestive heart failure.
Alcohol and substance abuse. - Environmental changes.
There are various causes of insomnia in the elderly. While some may be the cause of
short term insomnia and others long term insomnia, long term insomnia is more
common in the elderly than short term.
In terms of the elderly which of the following is NOT true of hypothyroidism?
Symptoms are often similar to normal aging changes making it difficult to detect in older
adults.
Symptoms usually have an insidious onset.
It usually occurs before age 50.
There is a greater risk for developing myxedema coma, which is life-threatening. - It
usually occurs before age 50.
Hypothyroidism usually occurs after age 50. It is often diagnosed as depression. You
must use caution against abruptly discontinuing medication.
