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Test Bank - Biochemistry, 2nd Edition (Miesfeld, 2022), Chapter 1-23 | All Chapters
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TEST BANKBiochemistry
Roger L. Miesfeld, and Megan M. McEvoy
2nd Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 Principles of Biochemistry 1
Chapter 02 Physical Biochemistry-Energy Conversion, Water, and Membranes 29
Chapter 03 Nucleic Acid Structure and Function 61
Chapter 04 Protein Structure 94
Chapter 05 Methods in Protein Biochemistry 132
Chapter 06 Protein Function 168
Chapter 07 Enzyme Mechanisms 211
Chapter 08 Cell Signaling Systems 247
Chapter 09 Glycolysis-A Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation 280
Chapter 10 The Citrate Cycle 313
Chapter 11 Oxidative Phosphorylation 352
Chapter 12 Photosynthesis 388
Chapter 13 Carbohydrate Structure and Function 423
Chapter 14 Carbohydrate Metabolism 456
Chapter 15 Lipid Structure and Function 486
Chapter 16 Lipid Metabolism 523
Chapter 17 Amino Acid Metabolism 554
Chapter 18 Nucleotide Metabolism 583
Chapter 19 Metabolic Integration 614
Chapter 20 DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination 643
Chapter 21 RNA Synthesis, Processing, and Gene Silencing 674
Chapter 22 Protein Synthesis, Posttranslational Modification, and Transport 705
Chapter 23 Gene Regulation 743
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Test Bank - Biochemistry, 2nd Edition (Miesfeld, 2022)
Chapter 1 Principles of Biochemistry
1. Enzymes function as reaction catalysts in cells. If the enzymes were removed
from a cell, the rate of biochemical reactions would
a. increase.
b. remain the same.
c. decrease.
d. It is impossible to know.
2. The DNA content of an organism is called the
a. transcriptome.
b. proteome.
c. genome.
d. nucleome.
3. The “central dogma of molecular biology” can best be described as the transfer of
information between
a. nucleic acids and proteins.
b. fatty acids and proteins.
c. carboxylic acids and proteins.
d. nucleic acids and DNA.
4. What structural feature of DNA is attributed to the fact that the two DNA strands
are antiparallel?
a. DNA is a left-handed helix.
b. DNA has the phosphate groups on the interior.
c. DNA is a right-handed helix.
d. DNA forms a pleated sheet.
5. Amino acids are the building blocks for which biomolecule(s)?
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a. proteins
b. DNA
c. carbohydrates
d. fatty acids
6. In the following pathway, identify the key pathway intermediate.
a. argininosuccinate
b. ATP
c. arginosuccinase
d. AMP
7. The proposal that DNA is a double helix was based on what experimental
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evidence?
a. NMR
b. IR
c. HPLC
d. X-ray crystallography
8. If the concentration of F is high in a cell, the pathway will MOST likely shift to
produce
a. more C.
b. less C.
c. more A.
d. less D.
9. The differentiates amino acids from one another.
a. number of silane groups
b. number of phosphoryl groups
c. side chain attached to the central carbon
d. number of hydroxyl groups
10. An example of experimental biochemistry is trying an experiment and
a. quitting after it fails to support your hypothesis.
b. continuing to try with no changes to protocol.
c. optimizing the experimental design.
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Test Bank - Biochemistry, 2nd Edition (Miesfeld, 2022)
d. successfully supporting your hypothesis after the first attempt.
11. What is the function of the chloroplast in a plant cell?
a. detoxification of macromolecules
b. degradation of macromolecules
c. conversion of light energy to chemical energy
d. conversion of glucose to ATP
12. Which of the following is a functional group commonly found in biomolecules?
a. COOH
b. Na+
c. Cl-
d. R-I
13. A nucleotide consists of which of the following?
a. nitrogenous base, four-membered sugar, and phosphate groups
b. phosphate base, four-membered sugar, and sulfate groups
c. nitrogenous base, five-membered sugar, and phosphate groups
d. carboxylic acid, four-membered sugar, and phosphate groups
14. Look at the bond energies O-H, N-H, and P-H in the following table. O-H is the
hardest bond to break because it has the
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a. greatest difference in relative affinities of the two atoms for electrons.
b. smallest difference in relative affinities of the two atoms for electrons.
c. smallest difference in atomic size.
d. largest difference in atomic size.
15. If a mutation were made to the gene for alcohol dehydrogenase in yeast that
prevented it from functioning, a possible outcome would be
a. a buildup of NADH.
b. a buildup of NAD+.
c. a buildup of ethanol.
d. less CO2.
16. One of the first biochemical processes investigated was fermentation. A turning
point in this research occurred in 1897 when Eduard Buchner used brewer’s
yeast extracts to demonstrate that
a. carbon dioxide and ethanol were produced from sugar in an in vitro
reaction.
b. fermentation could not occur outside a living cell.
c. carbon dioxide and ethanol were produced from sugar in an in vivo
reaction.
d. a vital life force was required to produce carbon dioxide and ethanol.
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17. Why have fewer polypeptide sequences evolved than are theoretically possible?
a. There is no way to make all the theoretical possibilities.
b. The phosphodiester linkages don’t allow for all the possibilities.
c. Not all have useful structural and functional properties.
d. Not all of the possibilities can be broken down.
18. If energy in the form of ATP is required to make a polymeric macromolecule,
which of the following will happen if there is no ATP available?
a. The rate of polymer synthesis will increase.
b. The polymer will be broken down to release ATP.
c. The polymer will continue to be made at the same rate.
d. The enzyme will degrade to release ATP.
19. A hydrogen bond can best be described as a
a. strong covalent interaction.
b. strong ionic interaction.
c. weak noncovalent interaction.
d. weak covalent interaction.
20. When a ligand binds to a receptor, it most often causes the receptor to
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a. degrade.
b. activate.
c. deactivate.
d. rapidly grow.
21. Even though amylose and cellulose contain the same repeating unit of glucose,
they are very different in terms of function. Why?
a. A glycosidic bond cannot be cleaved.
b. The orientations of the glycosidic bond are different.
c. ATP cannot be generated from amylose.
d. There is no structural difference between the polymers.
22. What kinds of amino acids are MOST likely found in proteins spanning the
plasma membrane?
a. hydrophilic amino acids
b. hydrophobic amino acids
c. polar amino acids
d. charged amino acids
23. The study of biochemistry attempts to explain
a. chemical processes at the atomic level.
b. biological processes at the molecular and cellular level.
c. the nature of life.
d. physical processes at the macromolecular level.
24. The essential ions calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium are all
a. anions.
b. cations.
c. transition metals.
d. halogens.
25. If the concentration of aspartate in a cell decreased, what would be one predicted
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Test Bank - Biochemistry, 2nd Edition (Miesfeld, 2022)
outcome?
a. an increased concentration of argininosuccinate
b. a decreased concentration of citrulline
c. a decreased concentration of fumarate
d. an increased concentration of arginine
26. The main difference between deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides is that
they have a different
a. number of carbons in the sugar ring.
b. substituent on the 2' carbon.
c. number of phosphates on the 5' carbon.
d. substituent on the 3' carbon.
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