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PSYCHOLOGY 1101 CHAPTERS 1-3 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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PSYCHOLOGY 1101 CHAPTERS 1-3 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS....
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Psychology - ANSWER the scientific study of behaviours and mentalprocesses; uses scientific method; interested in the way people feel and think
scientific - ANSWER uses systematic methods to observe and draw
conclusions
Behavior - ANSWER everything we do that can be directly observed
Mental Processes - ANSWER the thoughts, feelings, and motives that each of
us experience privately that cannot directly be observed
Critical thinking - ANSWER the process of reflecting deeply and actively,
asking questions, and evaluating evidence; questioning the facts
Scepticism - ANSWER challenging whether a fact is true; questions what
"everybody knows"
Pseudoscience - ANSWER information that is not supported by scientific
research
Objectivity - ANSWER open to evidence even if it's contradictory to our
beliefs; seeing things as they really are, not just as we'd like them to be
,Empirical method - ANSWER knowledge gained through observation of
events, collection of data, and logical reasoning
Curiosity - ANSWER wanting to know what something is and why it is that
way
psychodynamic approach - ANSWER unconscious motives and experiences in
early childhood determine personality and mental disorders
Freud - ANSWER founded psychodynamic approach; one of the first
psychologists; believed early childhood experiences were molding features of a
person's personality
psychoanalysis - ANSWER a type of treatment in which a persons unconscious
thoughts/conflicts are unlocked by speaking with them regarding their
childhood memories and their dreams, thoughts and feelings.
Behavioral approach - ANSWER focuses on the scientific study of observable
behavioral responses and their environmental determinants.; believe only
observable events can be studied scientifically; Studied how organisms learn
new behaviors or change existing ones due to rewards or punishments
2 people who were proponents of behavior approach - ANSWER both were
behaviorists in the early 20th century who made it popular
Watson: thought study of consciousness, thoughts, feelings should be
abandoned Skinner: took this a little further; said psych should be about what
people do not things you can't see
, Humanistic approach- ANSWER stress a person's positive attributes, the
potential for positive change, and the personal freedom to determine one's life;
believe individuals can make choices that allow them to in control of their lives,
not just being controlled by the environment; believe humans possess a sense of
self, where non-human animals do not; believe all human beings are born with
an innate tendency to develop toward their full potential
2 people who were advocates of humanistic approach - ANSWER Rogers and
Maslow
Biological approach - ANSWER organism's functioning can be explained in
terms of bodily structures and biochemical processes that underlie behavior;
focuses on how our bodily systems interact with the environment and how this
influences us; focuses on the brain and nervous system
Neuroscience - ANSWER scientific study of the nervous system; studies the
structure, function, development, genetics and biochemistry of the nervous
system and emphasizes the brain and nervous system are central to
understanding behavior, thought and emotion
Cognitive approach - ANSWER human behaviour can't be fully understood
without taking into consideration how people attain, store, and process
information; an individual's mental processes is in control of their behaviour
through memories, perceptions, images and thinking
information processing - ANSWER the ways the human mind interprets
incoming info, weighs it, stores it and applies it to decision making
Sociocultural approach - ANSWER to understand human behaviour we have to
examine influences of social/cultural environment; focuses on comparing
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