PHYSIOLOGY MUSCLE TEST
muscle classifications
skeletal, smooth, cardiac
What muscle types are striated?
skeletal and cardiac
what muscle type has branches
cardiac
what muscle type has intercalated discs
cardiac
voluntary muscles
skeletal
skeletal muscle function
support and move skeleton, breathing, cardiovascular function
what controls skeletal muscles
somatic motor neurons
what type of cells are in skeletal muscles
muscle fibers
what type of cell is in cardiac muscle
cardiocytes
involuntary muscles
cardiac and smooth
what controls cardiac muscles
autonomic efferent neurons, hormones, and local signals
functional syncytium
mass of merging cells that function as a unit
unstriated muscle
smooth muscle
what controls smooth muscles
autonomic efferent neurons, hormones, and local signals
smooth muscle function
create propulsion or resistance in area
what triggers muscle contraction
Calcium
sarcolemma
muscle cell membrane
sarcoplasm
cytoplasm of a muscle cell
sarcoplasmic reticulum
modified endoplasmic reticulum
muscle fascicle
bundle of muscle fibers
myofibrils
Microscopic protein filaments that make up muscle cells.
, characteristics of skeletal muscle
multinucleated, many mitochondria, transverse tubules, sarcoplasmic reticulum to store
Ca, glycogen granules, myoglobin, has myofibrils made of myofilaments, and
neuromuscular junction
triad
two terminal cisternae and a T tubule
cisternae
flattened stacked membrane folds
T-tubule
projection of the sarcolemma into the interior of the cell
myofilament
Actin or myosin containing structure
myoglobin
An oxygen-storing, pigmented protein in muscle cells.
neuromuscular junction
point of contact between a motor neuron and a skeletal muscle cell
thick filament
myosin
thin filament
actin
sarcomeres
contractile units within myofibrils, the smallest contractile unit of a muscle
z line
A dark thin protein band to which actin filaments are attached in a striated muscle fiber,
marking the boundaries between adjacent sarcomeres.
m line
middle of sarcomere
h zone
thick filaments only
a band
dark area; extends length of the thick filaments
I band
light band
what stabilizes the sarcomere
interconnecting filaments, nebulin, titin, M line
what makes up the thin filament
actin, troponin, tropomyosin
Actin characteristics
has myosin head binging sites
troponin characteristics
composed of 3 globular proteins, has Ca binding sites, hold tropomyosin in place
Tropomyosin characteristics
fibrous protein that covers actin active site when not in use
myosin characteristics
actin binding sites, ATP binding sites, light chains, and heavy chains
sliding filament mechanism
muscle classifications
skeletal, smooth, cardiac
What muscle types are striated?
skeletal and cardiac
what muscle type has branches
cardiac
what muscle type has intercalated discs
cardiac
voluntary muscles
skeletal
skeletal muscle function
support and move skeleton, breathing, cardiovascular function
what controls skeletal muscles
somatic motor neurons
what type of cells are in skeletal muscles
muscle fibers
what type of cell is in cardiac muscle
cardiocytes
involuntary muscles
cardiac and smooth
what controls cardiac muscles
autonomic efferent neurons, hormones, and local signals
functional syncytium
mass of merging cells that function as a unit
unstriated muscle
smooth muscle
what controls smooth muscles
autonomic efferent neurons, hormones, and local signals
smooth muscle function
create propulsion or resistance in area
what triggers muscle contraction
Calcium
sarcolemma
muscle cell membrane
sarcoplasm
cytoplasm of a muscle cell
sarcoplasmic reticulum
modified endoplasmic reticulum
muscle fascicle
bundle of muscle fibers
myofibrils
Microscopic protein filaments that make up muscle cells.
, characteristics of skeletal muscle
multinucleated, many mitochondria, transverse tubules, sarcoplasmic reticulum to store
Ca, glycogen granules, myoglobin, has myofibrils made of myofilaments, and
neuromuscular junction
triad
two terminal cisternae and a T tubule
cisternae
flattened stacked membrane folds
T-tubule
projection of the sarcolemma into the interior of the cell
myofilament
Actin or myosin containing structure
myoglobin
An oxygen-storing, pigmented protein in muscle cells.
neuromuscular junction
point of contact between a motor neuron and a skeletal muscle cell
thick filament
myosin
thin filament
actin
sarcomeres
contractile units within myofibrils, the smallest contractile unit of a muscle
z line
A dark thin protein band to which actin filaments are attached in a striated muscle fiber,
marking the boundaries between adjacent sarcomeres.
m line
middle of sarcomere
h zone
thick filaments only
a band
dark area; extends length of the thick filaments
I band
light band
what stabilizes the sarcomere
interconnecting filaments, nebulin, titin, M line
what makes up the thin filament
actin, troponin, tropomyosin
Actin characteristics
has myosin head binging sites
troponin characteristics
composed of 3 globular proteins, has Ca binding sites, hold tropomyosin in place
Tropomyosin characteristics
fibrous protein that covers actin active site when not in use
myosin characteristics
actin binding sites, ATP binding sites, light chains, and heavy chains
sliding filament mechanism
