Resume
Volledige samenvatting Human rights
- Établissement
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)
Engelse samenvatting; met uitleg van alle belangrijke arresten + aanpassing van wat er in de les behandeld is
[Montrer plus]
Aperçu du contenu
HUMAN RIGHTSInhoudsopgave
Concept of human rights.....................................................................5
1. Fundamental rights......................................................................................... 5
Common characteristics................................................................................... 5
Categories of human rights.............................................................................. 9
Are all human rights “fundamental rights”?...................................................11
Holders of fundamental rights........................................................................11
Bearers of duty to respect fundamental rights...............................................12
Are fundamental rights absolute or negative?................................................14
2. Fundamental resposibilities...........................................................................15
Individuals...................................................................................................... 15
States............................................................................................................. 16
Human rights as an international concern..........................................17
1. introduction................................................................................................... 17
2. Antecedents of human rights........................................................................17
Anti-slavery & slave trade............................................................................... 17
Diplomatic protection..................................................................................... 17
Mandates – League of Nations........................................................................17
Fair Labour Standards – ILO............................................................................ 18
Minority Protection.......................................................................................... 18
International Humanitarian Law......................................................................18
3. A multilayered international system of sovereign states..............................18
In general: The principle of non-interference in domestic matters (art 2, §7,
UN charter)..................................................................................................... 18
Action in respose to serious violations of human rights..................................19
4. Universality of human rights.........................................................................21
5. The sources of international human law........................................................22
International treaties...................................................................................... 22
Customary law................................................................................................ 24
Jus cogens....................................................................................................... 24
General principles of law................................................................................ 25
Doctrine, rulings or quasi-jurisdictional bodies...............................................25
Soft law........................................................................................................... 25
United nations Human rights system..................................................25
1. Treaty based mechanism of HR protection...................................................25
, Core international human rights treaties........................................................25
Reform of the treaty body system..................................................................28
3. The human rights council (charter based mechanism for protection of HR). 28
Human rights council: generalities.................................................................29
Procedure, mechanisms and structures..........................................................30
Review of the Human Rights COuncil, both by the COuncil itself and by the UN
General Assembly........................................................................................... 31
Regional systems of the Human Rights protection..............................31
1. Europe........................................................................................................... 31
Council of Europe............................................................................................ 31
EUropean union.............................................................................................. 41
Organisation for Security and cooperation in Europe.....................................44
Obligations imposed on states by the international HR treaties...........44
1. Obligation to secure HR to everyone within the jurisdiction of the state.......44
Principle; territorial jurisdiction.......................................................................45
exception extra-territorial jurisdiction............................................................46
2. Nature of the state’s obligations and international review of state action or
inaction............................................................................................................. 48
Negative and positive obligations...................................................................48
National margin of appreciation.....................................................................54
3. Obligations to redress violations of HR..........................................................56
International HR in domestic legal order............................................57
1. Status of international human rights norms in the domestic legal order......57
Implementairion of an international human rights treaty in the domestic legal
order............................................................................................................... 57
Right to an effective remedy, in case of an alleged violation of findamental
rights and freedoms........................................................................................ 58
2. Effects of the finding of a violation of human rights by an international
control organ..................................................................................................... 59
European COurt of HR..................................................................................... 59
Right to life (art 2 ECHR + 6 CCPR).....................................................65
1. Supreme value in the hierarchy of human rights..........................................65
2. Scope of application: pretection of the “life” of individuals...........................66
3. Scope of protection....................................................................................... 67
Negative obligation: prohibition of arbitrary interference with a person’s life 67
Positive obligation........................................................................................... 70
Prohibition of torture (art 3ECHR + 7 CCPR).......................................77
1. Scope of application...................................................................................... 77
Cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.................................77
, Torture............................................................................................................ 77
2. Scope of protection....................................................................................... 78
Negative obligation......................................................................................... 78
Positive obligation........................................................................................... 81
3. Prevention..................................................................................................... 82
European convention for the prevention of torture and inhuman or degrading
treatment or Punishment (1987)....................................................................82
Optional Protocol to UN Convention against Torture (2002)...........................83
Freedom of expression (art 10 ECGR + 19 CCPR).................................83
1. General characteristics..................................................................................83
importance of the freedom of expression for a democratic society................83
Obligations of the state.................................................................................. 84
2. Applications................................................................................................... 86
Negative obligations....................................................................................... 86
Positive obligations......................................................................................... 94
Right to respect of private life, familie life, home and correspondance
(art 8 ECHR + art 17 CCPR)................................................................95
1. Right to private life........................................................................................ 95
Notion of private life....................................................................................... 95
Applications.................................................................................................... 97
THe right of property.......................................................................103
1. Scope of application.................................................................................... 103
Object of art 1 of Prot. No 1: right of property..............................................103
Notion of “possessions”................................................................................ 104
2. Obligation of the State................................................................................ 105
Positive obligation......................................................................................... 111
Right to a fair trail..........................................................................111
1. Scope of application of art 6 ECHR..............................................................111
Civil matters................................................................................................. 112
Criminal matters........................................................................................... 114
2. Right to court.............................................................................................. 116
Principle of the rule of law............................................................................ 116
Right of access to a court............................................................................. 116
Right to a judicial determination of the dispute............................................117
Respect for the final determination by a court.............................................118
3. Structural and procedural guarantees.........................................................118
Tribunal established by law..........................................................................118
Independence and impartiality.....................................................................119
Public hearing and public judgement............................................................120
Fair hearing.................................................................................................. 120
, Reasonable time........................................................................................... 124
Economic, social and cultural rights.................................................125
1. Economic, social and cultural rights as human rights.................................125
2. Difference between civil and political rights, and economic, social and
cultural rights.................................................................................................. 126
3. Obligations of states with respect to economic, social and cultural rights. .127
Generalities.................................................................................................. 127
Typologie of obligations................................................................................ 127
4. applications................................................................................................. 128
Equality and non-discrimination, and protection of vulnerable groups128
1. Equality and non-discrimination..................................................................128
Terminology.................................................................................................. 129
Equality and non-discrimination in the CCPR and the ECHR.........................130
Obligation on the state................................................................................. 130
2. Protection of vulnerable groups..................................................................133
Protection of people charazcterised by so-called race or ethnecity..............133
Eleminiation of discrimination of women......................................................134
CONCEPT OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Les avantages d'acheter des résumés chez Stuvia:
Qualité garantie par les avis des clients
Les clients de Stuvia ont évalués plus de 700 000 résumés. C'est comme ça que vous savez que vous achetez les meilleurs documents.
L’achat facile et rapide
Vous pouvez payer rapidement avec iDeal, carte de crédit ou Stuvia-crédit pour les résumés. Il n'y a pas d'adhésion nécessaire.
Focus sur l’essentiel
Vos camarades écrivent eux-mêmes les notes d’étude, c’est pourquoi les documents sont toujours fiables et à jour. Cela garantit que vous arrivez rapidement au coeur du matériel.
Foire aux questions
Qu'est-ce que j'obtiens en achetant ce document ?
Vous obtenez un PDF, disponible immédiatement après votre achat. Le document acheté est accessible à tout moment, n'importe où et indéfiniment via votre profil.
Garantie de remboursement : comment ça marche ?
Notre garantie de satisfaction garantit que vous trouverez toujours un document d'étude qui vous convient. Vous remplissez un formulaire et notre équipe du service client s'occupe du reste.
Auprès de qui est-ce que j'achète ce résumé ?
Stuvia est une place de marché. Alors, vous n'achetez donc pas ce document chez nous, mais auprès du vendeur janavleminckx. Stuvia facilite les paiements au vendeur.
Est-ce que j'aurai un abonnement?
Non, vous n'achetez ce résumé que pour €12,16. Vous n'êtes lié à rien après votre achat.
Peut-on faire confiance à Stuvia ?
4.6 étoiles sur Google & Trustpilot (+1000 avis)
48072 résumés ont été vendus ces 30 derniers jours
Fondée en 2010, la référence pour acheter des résumés depuis déjà 15 ans