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Samenvatting Business Vocabulary in Use - Intermediate - Business English (MBK27a)
Production (units 13-18) Marketing (units 19-26) Personal skills (units 42-44) Presentations (units 60-62)
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Manufacturing industries and sectorsAerospace Planes and space vehicles
Cars, automobiles cars
Computer hardware Computers, printers, …
constructions Buildings
Defence, defense weapons
Electronics Mobile phones, …
Food processing Canned, frozen, … foods
Household goods Washing machines, refrigerators, …
pharmaceuticals medicines
steel a strong metal used in manufacturing of machinery and
cars
textiles Cloth and clothes
Services or service industries
Call centers Dealing with orders, complaints, … from costumers by
phone
Catering Restaurants, bars, …
Computer software Instructions for computers
Financial services Banking, insurance, …
Healthcare Medical care
Leisure Cinemas, sports, …
Media Books, newspapers, film, television
Property, real estate Buying, selling and managing buildings
Retail shops
Telecommunications Phone, internet services
Tourism Travel and holidays
Market research: 5 ways
In-person surveys Can show an example or sample of a new product, but
they are expensive
Telephone surveys Less expensive, people do not like to be called up and
asked questions
Mail surveys Low response rates, inexpensive
Online surveys Simple and inexpensive, unpredictable as there is no
control over the pool or selection of people that take part
in this survey
Focus groups Last about 1-2 hours, a moderator uses specially
prepared questions to ask a group, it takes at least 3
groups to get accurate results
Personal interviews Last about an hour, normally recorded, not doing enough
interviews gives inaccurate results
Observations Involve observing consumers in action by videoing them
in stores, watching them at work or observing how they
use a product at home
Field trials Involve placing a new product in selected stores to test
customers response under real-life selling conditions
Development and launch
Beta version First version
To release To make something available to the public, such as a
product, service, or information
To try something out To test or experiment with something to see how it works
or if it suits your needs
Bugs errors or flaws in a system, program, or device that cause
, it to function incorrectly or unexpectedly
Designers Creative professionals who develop ideas and plans for
products, visuals, or systems, focusing on functionality,
aesthetics, and user experience
CAD/CAM Computer-assisted design/ computer assisted
manufacturing
Prototypes Early models or samples of a product created to test and
refine its design before mass production
Researchers Individuals who conduct systematic investigations to
discover, analyze, or understand new knowledge or
solutions
Laboratories Controlled environments equipped for scientific research,
experiments, and testing
Testing/trialing the process of evaluating or experimenting with
something to assess its performance, functionality, or
safety
Trials Structured tests or experiments conducted to evaluate
the effectiveness or feasibility of a product, method, or
idea
Effective Producing the intended or desired result successfully
Industrial scale A level of production or operation large enough to meet
commercial demands, typically using advanced
machinery and processes
rollout The process of making a product available, perhaps in
particular places to test reaction
Product launch The moment of truth when a product is officially made
available for sale
Design defect/ design fault A flaw or error in the design of a product that makes it
unsafe, inefficient, or unsuitable for its intended purpose
To recall to officially request the return of a product due to safety
concerns, defects, or other issues discovered after its
release
Innovation and invention
To design To make plans or drawings for how something is to be
made (a design, a designer)
To develop To make a new idea become successful, for example by
making or improving a product (a development, a
developer)
To innovate To think of new ideas, methods, products, … (an
innovation, an innovator)
To invent To design and make something for the first time (an
invention, an inventor)
Research and technology
Research and Creating and improving products or technologies through
development (R&D) research
Research center Facility for research and development
Laboratories Controlled spaces for experiments and testing
Innovative Introducing new, creative ideas or methods
Breakthroughs Major advancements or discoveries
To release Make something available to the public
Technology tools or systems developed to solve problems.
Cutting edge/ leading edge Most advanced or innovative
State-of-art Most up-to-date technology
, Hi-tech Advanced, sophisticated technology
Low-tech Simple, basic technology
Obsolete Outdated or no longer useful
Future-proof designed to stay relevant in the future
Patents and intellectual property
proprietary Owned by a company or individual; not shared publicly
Patents Legal rights protecting inventions from being copied
Under license Permission to use something legally for a fee or
agreement
Royalties Payments made to use someone’s intellectual property
Copyright Legal protection for original works like art, music, or
writing
Copyright infringement Unauthorized use of copyrighted material
Illegal downloading Obtaining digital content without permission
Piracy Unauthorized copying or distribution of protected content
Fake Imitation of a product, often of lower quality
Brand name The name a company uses for its product
Trademark Legal protection for a brand's name or logo
Intellectual property Creations of the mind protected by law, like inventions,
designs, and brands
Products
Product Something natural (wood, oil, paper) or something made
to be sold (computers, clothes) or a service (insurance)
Produce Refers to agricultural products such as crops or fruits
Manufactured Maker/producer, To make/ to produce, Manufacture/
products/goods production
Agricultural Produce/ Producer, To produce, Manufacture / production
products
Services Provider, To provide, Provision
Mass production
Workshops Small, often specialized spaces for creating products or
learning skills
Hand-made Products made by hand, typically with craftsmanship
Craft industry The production of handmade goods, often focusing on
quality and tradition
Labour-intensive Processes requiring a lot of manual labor
Assembly line/ production A system where workers or machines perform specific
line tasks in sequence to produce items
Manufacturing plant A facility where products are made on a large scale
To churn something out To produce large quantities of something, often quickly
and with little attention to detail
Industrial robots Automated machines used in manufacturing to perform
repetitive tasks
Cost-effective Producing good results with minimal expense
Capacity and output
Output The amount of goods or services produced
Productivity The efficiency of production, often measured by output
per unit of input
Capacity The maximum amount something can produce or hold
To work at full capacity Operating at the maximum output level
Overcapacity Producing more than the demand or the system’s ability
to handle
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