1. Which of the following structures is responsible for controlling the
movement of substances in and out of the cell?
A. Cytoplasm
B. Mitochondrion
C. Plasma membrane
D. Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: C) Plasma membrane
Rationale: The plasma membrane regulates the movement of
substances into and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis.
2. Which of the following best describes a genotype?
A. The physical appearance of an organism
B. The sequence of nitrogenous bases in a gene
C. The genetic makeup of an organism
D. The number of chromosomes in a cell
Answer: C) The genetic makeup of an organism
Rationale: A genotype refers to the genetic constitution of an organism,
specifically the alleles present for a given gene.
3. Which of the following is a type of passive transport?
,A. Active transport
B. Osmosis
C. Endocytosis
D. Exocytosis
Answer: B) Osmosis
Rationale: Osmosis is a type of passive transport where water
molecules move from a region of lower solute concentration to a region
of higher solute concentration, requiring no energy.
4. Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide?
A. Glucose
B. Sucrose
C. Cellulose
D. Amino acid
Answer: C) Cellulose
Rationale: Cellulose is a polysaccharide made of long chains of glucose
molecules and is an important structural component of plant cell walls.
5. What is the main role of tRNA in protein synthesis?
A. To form the ribosome
B. To carry amino acids to the ribosome
C. To create the mRNA template
, D. To synthesize ATP
Answer: B) To carry amino acids to the ribosome
Rationale: Transfer RNA (tRNA) transports amino acids to the
ribosome, where they are added to the growing polypeptide chain
during translation.
6. Which of the following structures is found in plant cells but not in
animal cells?
A. Mitochondria
B. Nucleus
C. Chloroplasts
D. Ribosomes
Answer: C) Chloroplasts
Rationale: Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis and are
found only in plant cells (and some algae). Animal cells lack
chloroplasts.
7. In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
A. G1 phase
B. S phase
C. G2 phase
D. M phase
Answer: B) S phase
movement of substances in and out of the cell?
A. Cytoplasm
B. Mitochondrion
C. Plasma membrane
D. Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: C) Plasma membrane
Rationale: The plasma membrane regulates the movement of
substances into and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis.
2. Which of the following best describes a genotype?
A. The physical appearance of an organism
B. The sequence of nitrogenous bases in a gene
C. The genetic makeup of an organism
D. The number of chromosomes in a cell
Answer: C) The genetic makeup of an organism
Rationale: A genotype refers to the genetic constitution of an organism,
specifically the alleles present for a given gene.
3. Which of the following is a type of passive transport?
,A. Active transport
B. Osmosis
C. Endocytosis
D. Exocytosis
Answer: B) Osmosis
Rationale: Osmosis is a type of passive transport where water
molecules move from a region of lower solute concentration to a region
of higher solute concentration, requiring no energy.
4. Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide?
A. Glucose
B. Sucrose
C. Cellulose
D. Amino acid
Answer: C) Cellulose
Rationale: Cellulose is a polysaccharide made of long chains of glucose
molecules and is an important structural component of plant cell walls.
5. What is the main role of tRNA in protein synthesis?
A. To form the ribosome
B. To carry amino acids to the ribosome
C. To create the mRNA template
, D. To synthesize ATP
Answer: B) To carry amino acids to the ribosome
Rationale: Transfer RNA (tRNA) transports amino acids to the
ribosome, where they are added to the growing polypeptide chain
during translation.
6. Which of the following structures is found in plant cells but not in
animal cells?
A. Mitochondria
B. Nucleus
C. Chloroplasts
D. Ribosomes
Answer: C) Chloroplasts
Rationale: Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis and are
found only in plant cells (and some algae). Animal cells lack
chloroplasts.
7. In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
A. G1 phase
B. S phase
C. G2 phase
D. M phase
Answer: B) S phase
