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NURS 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY WALDEN UNIVERSITY MIDTERM EXAM ACTUAL EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM TEST BANK | ACCURATE AND VERIFIED QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS | GUARANTEED PASS | GRADED A22,72 €
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NURS 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY WALDEN UNIVERSITY MIDTERM EXAM ACTUAL EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM TEST BANK | ACCURATE AND VERIFIED QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS | GUARANTEED PASS | GRADED A
NURS 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY WALDEN
UNIVERSITY MIDTERM EXAM ACTUAL EXAM AND
PRACTICE EXAM TEST BANK | ACCURATE AND VERIFIED
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS | GUARANTEED
PASS | GRADED A
NURS 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY WALDEN
UNIVERSITY MIDTERM EXAM ACTUAL EXAM AND
PRACTICE EXAM TEST BANK | ACCURATE AND VERIFIED
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS | GUARANTEED
PASS | GRADED A
A 65-year-old female presents to your office complaining of fatigue. She has a long of
rheumatoid arthritis. A CBC reveals the following: Hgb=11.6 g/dL, Hct=34.8%, MCV=87 fL/red
cell, platelet count of 268,000/microliter, and WBC count of 6800/microliter. The serum
haptoglobin level is normal, and the serum iron concentration is 20 micrograms/dL. The total
iron binding capacity is 195 micrograms/dL, and the percent saturation is 10.2. The serum
ferritin concentration is 317 ng/mL. No fibrin split products are detected. The reticulocyte
concentration is 1.1%. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Beta- thalassemia major
B. Anemia of chronic disease
C. Acute blood loss anemia
D. Iron deficiency anemia
Anemia of chronic disease
A 14-year-old male presents with high fever for ten days. Physical examination reveals scattered
petechial hemorrhages but is negative for enlargement of the liver or spleen or lymph nodes.
Bone marrow examination does not show any abnormal cells. The complete blood count (CBC)
demonstrates a hemoglobin concentration (HgB) of 13.2 g/dL, hematocrit (Hct) of 38.9%, mean
cell volume (MCV) of 93 fL, platelet count of 175,000/microliter, and white blood cell (WBC)
count of 1850/microliter, with the differential count showing 1 segmented neutrophil, 98
lymphocytes, and 1 monocyte per 100 WBCs. What is the most likely cause of these findings?
A. Overwhelming bacterial infection
B. Acute lymphocytic (or lymphoblastic) leukemia
C. Acute myeloid leukemia
D. Aplastic anemia
Overwhelming bacterial infection
A 31-year-old male has a history of chronic anemia and painful crises with joint and abdominal
pain. A head computed tomography (CT) scan reveals several small remote infarctions. During
one of these acute crises, he is admitted with severe dyspnea. A CBC is performed. Which of the
following morphologic findings for RBCs is most likely to be seen on the peripheral blood
smear?
,A. Tear drop cells
B. Schistocytes
C. Sickle cells
D. Spherocytes
Sickle cells
A 50-year-old male has a blood pressure of 160/95 mm Hg. If this condition remains untreated
for years, which of the following cardiovascular alterations will be seen on a transthoracic
echocardiogram and ECG?
A. Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
B. Left Ventricular Atrophy
C. Left Atrial Atrophy
D. Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
Left ventricular hypertrophy
A 65-year-old male with longstanding uncontrolled HTN presents to the office for evaluation of
syncope. His vital signs are temperature=98.3, Pulse=85, RR=17, BP=165/85. Physical
examination reveals a fourth heart sound and a 4/6 crescendo-decrescendo murmur heard at the
right upper sternal border with radiation to the carotid arteries. His ECG reveals enlarged QRS
waves, consistent with left ventricular hypertrophy. What is the most likely cause of his syncopal
episodes?
A. Mitral regurgitation
B. Mitral Stenosis
C. Aortic regurgitation
D. Aortic stenosis
Aortic stenosis
A 63-year-old female presents to the emergency room with sudden onset of severe chest and
back pain. She describes the pain as sharp and different from her anginal pain. Her past medical
history is positive for HTN X 20 years. VS: HR 105, BP 160/105, RR 17. On physical
examination, the NP notices that her pedal and radial pulses are not equal. What is the most
likely cause of her chest pain?
A. Unstable angina
B. Aortic dissection
C. Prinzmetal angina
D. Acute myocardial infarction
Aortic dissection
A 45-year-old male collapsed suddenly while playing basketball. Bystander CPR and
defibrillation was performed using an automatic external defibrillator or AED. When EMS
,arrived, the gentleman was awake and alert. The recorded rhythm strip on the AED shows
tachycardia with AV dissociation (rate, approximately 220 bpm). Which arrhythmia induced his
arrest?
A. Nonsustained supraventricular tachycardia
B. Sustained wide complex atrial tachycardia
C. Wide complex ventricular tachycardia
D. Narrow complex ventricular tachycardia
Wide complex tachycardia
A 44-year-old previously healthy male presents to the office complaining of increasing dyspnea
on exertion and exercise intolerance over the last six months. The NP order a chest XRAY and
transthoracic echocardiogram. The chest XRAY shows an enlarged heart and mild pulmonary
edema. The echocardiogram reveals four-chamber cardiac dilation with an ejection fraction of
30% and mitral and tricuspid valve regurgitation. The patient is referred to the cardiologist who
orders a CAT scan of the coronary arteries which is negative for obstructive coronary artery
disease. What is the most likely underlying cause of the dyspnea?
A. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
B. Rheumatic heart disease
C. Hemochromatosis
D. Chagas disease
Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
A 72-year-old female with a known cardiac history of coronary artery disease presents to the
emergency room following a syncopal episode. She received a stent to the right coronary artery
in 2017 and was noted to have an ejection fraction of 40% at that time. A 12 lead ECG reveals a
regular rhythm with a rate of 35. What is the most likely cause of her bradycardia?
A. Blocked pathway at or below the AV node
B. Blocked pathway at or below the SA node
C. Reentry pathway at or near the SA node
D. Reentry pathway at or near the AV node
Blocked pathway at or below the AV node
A 43-year-old female is ten years post prosthetic aortic valve replacement secondary to infective
endocarditis. Which of the following valvular conditions would be an expected finding?
A. Paravalvular leak
B. Aortic stenosis
C. Aortic valve embolization
D. Aortic regurgitation
, Aortic stenosis
A 4-year-old child appears listless for the last week. He complains of pain when he is picked up
by his mother, and he is irritable when touching his arms or legs. Several large ecchymotic
lesions have appeared on his right thigh and left shoulder. A complete blood count reveals a
HgB=10.2, Hct=30.5%, MCV=96fL, platelet count of 45,000/ML, and WBC count of
13,990/ML. Examination of the peripheral blood smear reveals numerous blasts. The blasts lack
peroxidase-positive granules but do contain periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive aggregates and
stain positively for TdT. Flow cytometry shows the phenotype of blasts to be CD19+, CD3-, and
sIg-. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
B. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
C. Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
D. Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
Acute lymphblastic leukemia
A 3-year-old child of Italian ancestry presents with failure to thrive. Physical examination
indicates hepatosplenomegaly. His hemoglobin concentration is 6 g/dL, and the peripheral blood
smear reveals severely hypochromic microcytic red cells. Total serum iron level is normal. The
reticulocyte count is 10%. Hemoglobin electrophoresis shows very little hemoglobin A. A
radiograph of the skull shows maxillofacial deformities. What is the principle cause of anemia
and other abnormalities in this patient?
A. Reduced synthesis of hemoglobin F
B. Reduced red blood cell survival from imbalance in the production of alpha and beta globin
chains
C. Relative deficiency of vitamin B12
D. Increased fragility of the erythrocyte membrane
Reduced synthesis of hemoglobin F
A 68-year-old previously healthy female has been feeling increasingly tired and weak for several
months. She states that she has had black, tarry stools for several weeks. She is found to be
anemic with a hemoglobin concentration of 9.3g/dL. The peripheral blood smear reveals
microcytic and hypochromic blood cells. Which of the following conditions should be suspected
as the most likely of her condition as indicated by the peripheral blood smear?
A. Aplastic anemia
B. Beta thalassemia
C. Gastrointestinal blood loss
D. Pernicious anemia
Gastrointestinal blood loss
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