TEST BANK
Biological Science
Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski & Jeff Carmichael
6th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 Biology and the Tree of Life 1
Chapter 02 Water and Carbon The Chemical Basis of Life 15
Chapter 03 Protein Structure and Function 38
Chapter 04 Nucleic Acids and the RNA World 63
Chapter 05 An Introduction to Carbohydrates 78
Chapter 06 Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells 94
Chapter 07 Inside the Cell 119
Chapter 08 Energy and Enzymes An Introduction to Metabolism 139
Chapter 09 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation 163
Chapter 10 Photosynthesis 185
Chapter 11 Cell–Cell Interactions 208
Chapter 12 The Cell Cycle 226
Chapter 13 Meiosis 249
Chapter 14 Mendel and the Gene 271
Chapter 15 DNA and the Gene Synthesis and Repair 293
Chapter 16 How Genes Work 313
Chapter 17 Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation 332
Chapter 18 Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria 354
Chapter 19 Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes 364
Chapter 20 The Molecular Revolution Biotechnology and Beyond 383
Chapter 21 Genes, Development, and Evolution 411
Chapter 22 Evolution by Natural Selection 424
Chapter 23 Evolutionary Processes 440
Chapter 24 Speciation 454
Chapter 25 Phylogenies and the History of Life 477
Chapter 26 Bacteria and Archaea 506
Chapter 27 Protists 520
Chapter 28 Green Algae and Land Plants 536
Chapter 29 Fungi 559
Chapter 30 An Introduction to Animals 578
Chapter 31 Protostome Animals 604
Chapter 32 Deuterostome Animals 625
Chapter 33 Viruses 649
Chapter 34 Plant Form and Function 666
Chapter 35 Water and Sugar Transport in Plants 683
Chapter 36 Plant Nutrition 698
Chapter 37 Plant Sensory Systems, Signals, and Responses 716
Chapter 38 Plant Reproduction and Development 734
,Chapter 39 Animal Form and Function 751
Chapter 40 Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals 769
Chapter 41 Animal Nutrition 789
Chapter 42 Gas Exchange and Circulation 820
Chapter 43 Animal Nervous Systems 850
Chapter 44 Animal Sensory Systems 883
Chapter 45 Animal Movement 900
Chapter 46 Chemical Signals in Animals 915
Chapter 47 Animal Reproduction and Development 935
Chapter 48 The Immune System in Animals 970
Chapter 49 An Introduction to Ecology 996
Chapter 50 Behavioral Ecology 1016
Chapter 51 Population Ecology 1036
Chapter 52 Community Ecology 1064
Chapter 53 Ecosystems and Global Ecology 1089
Chapter 54 Biodiversity and Conservation Biology 1113
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biological Science, 6th Edition (Freeman, 2017)
Biological Science, 6e (Freeman/Quillin/Allison)
Chapter 1 Biology and the Tree of Life
1) Which of the following is NOT related to the five fundamental characteristics of life?
A) A bacterial cell divides to produce two cells.
B) Sugars are transported on carrier proteins into cells across the plasma membrane.
C) Sugars are broken down inside cells to produce energy.
D) The gene that specifies skin color in frogs is expressed during its development from a tadpole
into an adult frog.
E) Giraffes have longer necks so that they can reach food sources unavailable to other animals.
Answer: E
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: E
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1, 1.2
Section: 1.1
W W W . T B S M . W S
2) Pasteur's experiments proved that ________.
A) cells cannot survive in swan-necked flasks
B) in order to grow, cells need to be supplied with oxygen
C) spontaneous generation can only occur if nutrient broth is left open to the environment
D) sterilizing nutrient broth prevents spontaneous generation
E) preexisting cells present in the air can grow in sterilized nutrient broth
Answer: E
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1, 1.2
Section: 1.2
3) Recall Pasteur's experiment on spontaneous generation. If he had just warmed the nutrient-
rich broth, rather than boiled it, what would have been the likely outcome of his experiment?
Cells would ________.
A) not have appeared in either flask
B) have appeared in both flasks
C) have appeared in the swan-neck but not the straight-neck flask
D) have appeared in the straight-neck but not the swan-neck flask
Answer: B
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1, 1.2
Section: 1.2
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biological Science, 6th Edition (Freeman, 2017)
4) Spontaneous generation ________.
A) was demonstrated to occur under normal laboratory conditions by Pasteur
B) apparently occurred at least once–when life on Earth began
C) occurs every time a new species evolves from a preexisting species
D) addresses the formation of new cells from existing cells
Answer: B
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1, 1.2
Section: 1.2
5) Algae in the genus Caulerpa typically grow to a length of over half a meter and have
structures similar to stems, leaves, and roots. Reproduction occurs when adults produce sperm
and eggs that fuse to form offspring. Each adult Caulerpa consists of just a single cell, however.
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Caulerpa violate the pattern component of the cell theory that all organisms consist of cells.
W W W . T B S M . W S
B) Caulerpa violate the process component of the cell theory that all cells come from preexisting
cells.
C) Caulerpa violate both the pattern and process components of the cell theory.
D) The existence of Caulerpa is consistent with the cell theory.
Answer: D
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: SF
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1, 1.2
Section: 1.2
6) Cotton-topped tamarins are small primates with tufts of long white hair on their heads. While
studying these creatures, you notice that males with longer hair get more opportunities to mate
and father more offspring. To test the hypothesis that having longer hair is adaptive in these
males, you should ________.
A) test whether other traits in these males are also adaptive
B) look for evidence of hair in ancestors of tamarins
C) determine if hair length is heritable
D) test whether males with shaved heads are still able to mate
Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: E
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1, 1.2
Section: 1.3
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biological Science, 6th Edition (Freeman, 2017)
The following experiment is used for the corresponding question(s).
A researcher discovered a species of moth that lays its eggs on oak trees. Eggs are laid at two
distinct times of the year: early in spring when the oak trees are flowering and in midsummer
when flowering is past. Caterpillars from eggs that hatch in spring feed on oak flowers and look
like oak flowers. But caterpillars that hatch in summer feed on oak leaves and look like oak
twigs.
How does the same population of moths produce such different-looking caterpillars on the same
trees? To answer this question, the biologist caught many female moths from the same
population and collected their eggs. He put at least one egg from each female into eight identical
cups. The eggs hatched, and at least two larvae from each female were maintained in one of the
four temperature and light conditions listed below.
W W W . T B S M . W S
In each of the four environments, one of the caterpillars was fed oak flowers; the other, oak
leaves. Thus, there were a total of eight treatment groups (4 environments × 2 diets).
7) Refer to the accompanying figure. Which one of the following is NOT a plausible hypothesis
to explain the differences in caterpillar appearance observed in this population?
A) The longer day lengths of summer trigger the development of twiglike caterpillars.
B) The cooler temperatures of spring trigger the development of flowerlike caterpillars.
C) Differences in air pressure, due to differences in elevation, trigger the development of
different types of caterpillars.
D) Differences in diet trigger the development of different types of caterpillars.
Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: SF, E
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1
Section: 1.3
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biological Science, 6th Edition (Freeman, 2017)
8) Refer to the accompanying figure. In every case, caterpillars that feed on oak flowers looked
like oak flowers. In every case, caterpillars that were raised on oak leaves looked like twigs.
These results support which of the following hypotheses?
A) The longer day lengths of summer trigger the development of twiglike caterpillars.
B) Differences in air pressure, due to elevation, trigger the development of different types of
caterpillars.
C) Differences in diet trigger the development of different types of caterpillars.
D) The differences are genetic. A female will either produce all flowerlike caterpillars or all
twiglike caterpillars.
Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: SF, E
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.2
Section: 1.3
9) Refer to the accompanying figure. Recall that eggs from the same female were exposed to
each of the eight treatments used. This aspect of the experimental design tested which of the
W W W . T B S M . W S
following hypotheses?
A) The longer day lengths of summer trigger the development of twiglike caterpillars.
B) Differences in air pressure, due to elevation, trigger the development of different types of
caterpillars.
C) Differences in diet trigger the development of different types of caterpillars.
D) The differences are genetic. A female will either produce all flowerlike caterpillars or all
twiglike caterpillars.
Answer: D
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: SF, E
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.2
Section: 1.3
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biological Science, 6th Edition (Freeman, 2017)
10) Recall the caterpillar experiment in which caterpillars born in the spring looked like flowers,
and caterpillars born in the summer looked like twigs. What is the most likely selective
advantage for this difference in body shape?
A) Looking like their food sources allows the caterpillars to move through their environment
more efficiently.
B) Development into the adult moth form is faster for caterpillars shaped like twigs than like
flowers.
C) Looking like their food source lets the caterpillars blend into their surroundings, reducing
predation.
D) Looking like their food source will increase the caterpillars' feeding efficiency; this would
increase their growth rate and survival rate.
Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: SF, E
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1, 1.2
Section: 1.3
W W W . T B S M . W S
11) Cells are ________.
A) only found in pairs, because single cells cannot exist independently
B) limited in size to 200 and 500 micrometers in diameter
C) characteristic of eukaryotic but not prokaryotic organisms
D) characteristic of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms
Answer: D
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: SF
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1, 1.2
Section: 1.2, 1.5
12) In comparison to eukaryotes, prokaryotes ________.
A) are more structurally complex
B) use RNA to store genetic information
C) are smaller
D) do not have membranes
E) have chromosomes composed of single-stranded DNA
Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: SF, E
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1
Section: 1.4, 1.5
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5|Page
Biological Science
Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski & Jeff Carmichael
6th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 Biology and the Tree of Life 1
Chapter 02 Water and Carbon The Chemical Basis of Life 15
Chapter 03 Protein Structure and Function 38
Chapter 04 Nucleic Acids and the RNA World 63
Chapter 05 An Introduction to Carbohydrates 78
Chapter 06 Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells 94
Chapter 07 Inside the Cell 119
Chapter 08 Energy and Enzymes An Introduction to Metabolism 139
Chapter 09 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation 163
Chapter 10 Photosynthesis 185
Chapter 11 Cell–Cell Interactions 208
Chapter 12 The Cell Cycle 226
Chapter 13 Meiosis 249
Chapter 14 Mendel and the Gene 271
Chapter 15 DNA and the Gene Synthesis and Repair 293
Chapter 16 How Genes Work 313
Chapter 17 Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation 332
Chapter 18 Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria 354
Chapter 19 Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes 364
Chapter 20 The Molecular Revolution Biotechnology and Beyond 383
Chapter 21 Genes, Development, and Evolution 411
Chapter 22 Evolution by Natural Selection 424
Chapter 23 Evolutionary Processes 440
Chapter 24 Speciation 454
Chapter 25 Phylogenies and the History of Life 477
Chapter 26 Bacteria and Archaea 506
Chapter 27 Protists 520
Chapter 28 Green Algae and Land Plants 536
Chapter 29 Fungi 559
Chapter 30 An Introduction to Animals 578
Chapter 31 Protostome Animals 604
Chapter 32 Deuterostome Animals 625
Chapter 33 Viruses 649
Chapter 34 Plant Form and Function 666
Chapter 35 Water and Sugar Transport in Plants 683
Chapter 36 Plant Nutrition 698
Chapter 37 Plant Sensory Systems, Signals, and Responses 716
Chapter 38 Plant Reproduction and Development 734
,Chapter 39 Animal Form and Function 751
Chapter 40 Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals 769
Chapter 41 Animal Nutrition 789
Chapter 42 Gas Exchange and Circulation 820
Chapter 43 Animal Nervous Systems 850
Chapter 44 Animal Sensory Systems 883
Chapter 45 Animal Movement 900
Chapter 46 Chemical Signals in Animals 915
Chapter 47 Animal Reproduction and Development 935
Chapter 48 The Immune System in Animals 970
Chapter 49 An Introduction to Ecology 996
Chapter 50 Behavioral Ecology 1016
Chapter 51 Population Ecology 1036
Chapter 52 Community Ecology 1064
Chapter 53 Ecosystems and Global Ecology 1089
Chapter 54 Biodiversity and Conservation Biology 1113
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biological Science, 6th Edition (Freeman, 2017)
Biological Science, 6e (Freeman/Quillin/Allison)
Chapter 1 Biology and the Tree of Life
1) Which of the following is NOT related to the five fundamental characteristics of life?
A) A bacterial cell divides to produce two cells.
B) Sugars are transported on carrier proteins into cells across the plasma membrane.
C) Sugars are broken down inside cells to produce energy.
D) The gene that specifies skin color in frogs is expressed during its development from a tadpole
into an adult frog.
E) Giraffes have longer necks so that they can reach food sources unavailable to other animals.
Answer: E
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: E
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1, 1.2
Section: 1.1
W W W . T B S M . W S
2) Pasteur's experiments proved that ________.
A) cells cannot survive in swan-necked flasks
B) in order to grow, cells need to be supplied with oxygen
C) spontaneous generation can only occur if nutrient broth is left open to the environment
D) sterilizing nutrient broth prevents spontaneous generation
E) preexisting cells present in the air can grow in sterilized nutrient broth
Answer: E
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1, 1.2
Section: 1.2
3) Recall Pasteur's experiment on spontaneous generation. If he had just warmed the nutrient-
rich broth, rather than boiled it, what would have been the likely outcome of his experiment?
Cells would ________.
A) not have appeared in either flask
B) have appeared in both flasks
C) have appeared in the swan-neck but not the straight-neck flask
D) have appeared in the straight-neck but not the swan-neck flask
Answer: B
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1, 1.2
Section: 1.2
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biological Science, 6th Edition (Freeman, 2017)
4) Spontaneous generation ________.
A) was demonstrated to occur under normal laboratory conditions by Pasteur
B) apparently occurred at least once–when life on Earth began
C) occurs every time a new species evolves from a preexisting species
D) addresses the formation of new cells from existing cells
Answer: B
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1, 1.2
Section: 1.2
5) Algae in the genus Caulerpa typically grow to a length of over half a meter and have
structures similar to stems, leaves, and roots. Reproduction occurs when adults produce sperm
and eggs that fuse to form offspring. Each adult Caulerpa consists of just a single cell, however.
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Caulerpa violate the pattern component of the cell theory that all organisms consist of cells.
W W W . T B S M . W S
B) Caulerpa violate the process component of the cell theory that all cells come from preexisting
cells.
C) Caulerpa violate both the pattern and process components of the cell theory.
D) The existence of Caulerpa is consistent with the cell theory.
Answer: D
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: SF
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1, 1.2
Section: 1.2
6) Cotton-topped tamarins are small primates with tufts of long white hair on their heads. While
studying these creatures, you notice that males with longer hair get more opportunities to mate
and father more offspring. To test the hypothesis that having longer hair is adaptive in these
males, you should ________.
A) test whether other traits in these males are also adaptive
B) look for evidence of hair in ancestors of tamarins
C) determine if hair length is heritable
D) test whether males with shaved heads are still able to mate
Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: E
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1, 1.2
Section: 1.3
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biological Science, 6th Edition (Freeman, 2017)
The following experiment is used for the corresponding question(s).
A researcher discovered a species of moth that lays its eggs on oak trees. Eggs are laid at two
distinct times of the year: early in spring when the oak trees are flowering and in midsummer
when flowering is past. Caterpillars from eggs that hatch in spring feed on oak flowers and look
like oak flowers. But caterpillars that hatch in summer feed on oak leaves and look like oak
twigs.
How does the same population of moths produce such different-looking caterpillars on the same
trees? To answer this question, the biologist caught many female moths from the same
population and collected their eggs. He put at least one egg from each female into eight identical
cups. The eggs hatched, and at least two larvae from each female were maintained in one of the
four temperature and light conditions listed below.
W W W . T B S M . W S
In each of the four environments, one of the caterpillars was fed oak flowers; the other, oak
leaves. Thus, there were a total of eight treatment groups (4 environments × 2 diets).
7) Refer to the accompanying figure. Which one of the following is NOT a plausible hypothesis
to explain the differences in caterpillar appearance observed in this population?
A) The longer day lengths of summer trigger the development of twiglike caterpillars.
B) The cooler temperatures of spring trigger the development of flowerlike caterpillars.
C) Differences in air pressure, due to differences in elevation, trigger the development of
different types of caterpillars.
D) Differences in diet trigger the development of different types of caterpillars.
Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: SF, E
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1
Section: 1.3
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biological Science, 6th Edition (Freeman, 2017)
8) Refer to the accompanying figure. In every case, caterpillars that feed on oak flowers looked
like oak flowers. In every case, caterpillars that were raised on oak leaves looked like twigs.
These results support which of the following hypotheses?
A) The longer day lengths of summer trigger the development of twiglike caterpillars.
B) Differences in air pressure, due to elevation, trigger the development of different types of
caterpillars.
C) Differences in diet trigger the development of different types of caterpillars.
D) The differences are genetic. A female will either produce all flowerlike caterpillars or all
twiglike caterpillars.
Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: SF, E
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.2
Section: 1.3
9) Refer to the accompanying figure. Recall that eggs from the same female were exposed to
each of the eight treatments used. This aspect of the experimental design tested which of the
W W W . T B S M . W S
following hypotheses?
A) The longer day lengths of summer trigger the development of twiglike caterpillars.
B) Differences in air pressure, due to elevation, trigger the development of different types of
caterpillars.
C) Differences in diet trigger the development of different types of caterpillars.
D) The differences are genetic. A female will either produce all flowerlike caterpillars or all
twiglike caterpillars.
Answer: D
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: SF, E
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.2
Section: 1.3
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biological Science, 6th Edition (Freeman, 2017)
10) Recall the caterpillar experiment in which caterpillars born in the spring looked like flowers,
and caterpillars born in the summer looked like twigs. What is the most likely selective
advantage for this difference in body shape?
A) Looking like their food sources allows the caterpillars to move through their environment
more efficiently.
B) Development into the adult moth form is faster for caterpillars shaped like twigs than like
flowers.
C) Looking like their food source lets the caterpillars blend into their surroundings, reducing
predation.
D) Looking like their food source will increase the caterpillars' feeding efficiency; this would
increase their growth rate and survival rate.
Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: SF, E
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1, 1.2
Section: 1.3
W W W . T B S M . W S
11) Cells are ________.
A) only found in pairs, because single cells cannot exist independently
B) limited in size to 200 and 500 micrometers in diameter
C) characteristic of eukaryotic but not prokaryotic organisms
D) characteristic of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms
Answer: D
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: SF
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1, 1.2
Section: 1.2, 1.5
12) In comparison to eukaryotes, prokaryotes ________.
A) are more structurally complex
B) use RNA to store genetic information
C) are smaller
D) do not have membranes
E) have chromosomes composed of single-stranded DNA
Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: SF, E
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO: 1.1
Section: 1.4, 1.5
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5|Page
