ABCP Practice Test Questions With Complete Solutions

ABCP Practice Test Questions With Complete Solutions Which of the following is not true regarding peak aortic blood flow acceleration? a) it is significant primarily in patients with aortic stenosis b) it is a sensitive indicator of changing contractility state and secondary to hypoxia c) it is highly sensitive to inotropic changes d) it is minimally affected by preload changes e) 2 of the above - ANSWER it is significant primarily in patients with aortic stenosis In doppler assessment of aortic valve gradient: a) the degree of stenosis is better indicated by the peak gradient than the mean gradient as it is less flow dependent b) patients with coexisting aortic insufficiency may have higher gradients for the same degree of stenosis than patients with pure aortic stenosis c) the result is not very accurate as it cannot be directly measured and must be calculated using a simplified bernoulli equation d) 2 of the above e) all of the above - ANSWER patients with coexisting aortic insufficiency may have higher gradients for the same degree of stenosis than patients with pure aortic stenosis Which of the following statements is false regarding echocardiography? a) surface echo is an excellent method of detecting the amount of normal ventricle remaining in a patient with a left ventricular aneurysm b) TEE is a much more accurate method of evaluating a descending thoracic aneurysm than is surface echo c) As 70% of ascending dissections arise in the proximal area, surface echo is a good diagnostic tool for these cases d) echocardiography is of little value in diagnosing sinus of valsalva aneurysms as the view of this anatomy is obscured by the aortic valve apparatus e) all of the above - ANSWER echocardiography is of little value in diagnosing sinus of valsalva aneurysms as the view of this anatomy is obscured by the aortic valve apparatus Which of the following statement is/are true regarding transesophageal echocardiography? a) TEE is more sensitive to evaluation of mitral regurgitation than surface echo b) TEE is not accurate method of calculating the aortic valve area c) TEE is superior in evaluating intracardiac tumors d) Left atrial thrombus is often poorly visualized with TEE e) 2 of the above - ANSWER 2 of the above The use of 2D echo in teh assessment of coronary artery disease: a) is restricted to the evaluation of left ventricular function b) may approximate the location of coronary obstruction c) is limited by the inability to detect the difference between ischemia and infarction d) while providing good prognostic indicators is of little use in diagnosing patient with stress induced abnormalities e) 2 of the above - ANSWER may approximate the location of coronary obstruction Assessment of the degree of aortic insufficiency may include all but which of the following? a) mapping turbulence patterns in the left ventricle b) measurement of cross sectional area of the regurgitant jet at its most proximal point c) measurement of the rate of equilibrium of the aortic and left ventricular pressure during diastole d) examining the abdominal aorta for holodiastolic reversal e) all of the above may be used to evaluate aortic insufficiency - ANSWER all of the above may be used to evaluate aortic insufficiency A paradoxical split S2: a) may indicate left ventricular failure b) occurs normally with deep inspiration c) is usually a result of pulmonary hypertension d) occurs secondary to functional mitral annular dilation e) 2 of the above - ANSWER may indicate left ventricular failure A mild systolic crescendo- decrescendo murmurs radiating to the carotid arteries is indicative of: a) ventricular septal defect b) mitral regurgitation c) mitral stenosis d) aortic insufficiency e) aortic stenosis - ANSWER aortic stenosis A mitral stenosis patient: a) has systolic ejection murmurs b) has atrial systolic ejection intensification of the murmurs c) has a muffled s1 d) has a lenghtened s2 -OS interval e) 2 of the above - ANSWER has atrial systolic ejection intensification murmurs A split heart sound: a) indicated right ventricular distension usually RV failure b) Is normal, occurring because right ventricular emptying takes longer than left ventricular emptying c) indicated left ventricular volume distension such as that resulting from aortic insufficiency d) is usually magnified by respiration e) 2 of the above - ANSWER 2 of the above Which of the following can cause an increase in myocardial oxygen consumption with a normal heart: a) calcium ions b) digitalis c) epinephrine d) all of the above - ANSWER all of the above