TEFL course Questions with correct Answers 2023

TEFL course Questions with correct Answers 2023 Define methodology? Set of techniques used to meet specific needs of students Each has a focus, aim and answer to questions such as: -What do you expect from students? -What kind of atmosphere are ypou going to maintain? What are components of teaching methodoloy? Priorities for lesson whats in the lesson plan order of lesson plan Define teaching style? Refers to my attitude and demeanour when I teach Do i smile? Are you strict? How do you answer questions? What is total physical response and who founded it? James Asher 1977 children acquiring their first language do a lot of listening before they speak which is accompanied by physical responses TPR methods try replicate safe envi like child learning first language using physical tasks along side listening to learn language e.g simon says What is the Audiolingual method/Army method? No textbooks used, teacher would verbally give students words and they would reply Aim to get students to speak english using basic grammar within shortest time evaluated efficiency by how quickly students became fluent pro linguistic designed lessons while native speaker taught them 10hour classes 6days a week for 6 weeks - expected fluency with 2 or 3 courses When was the AArmy/Audiolingual method introdcued? world war 2 and gave strong external motivations to learn additionally learnt french and italian in order to survive in combat jobs such as translator pilot medic reappeared in 1950s america with mass migration to states and universities - need to learn to survive What are the assumptions of Audiolingual method? Students are already motivated to learn (not much focus on making entertaining) Like structural linguistics behavioral psychology, learning proceeds through instances of stimulus, response, and reinforcement. Positive reinforcement could take the form of praise from the teacher or from classmates, or from a sense of self-satisfaction. Negative reinforcement could take the form of criticism from the teacher, a correction, or the silent treatment. So, then with behavioral psychology, learning takes place when specific stimuli elicit specific responses. What is structural linguistics? language is a system of structural elements, including phonological units, grammatical units, and lexical items. If structures are presented in a systematic way, students will internalize those structures and later be fluent insofar as they can produce original sentences using the structures they have learned. What are 8 key points of audiolingual method? Students are soon going to live in an environment in which the target language is spoken. Students are exposed as much as possible to the target language. New words and patterns are introduced in a systematic fashion, with a view toward structural linguistics. Practice means repetition. Students should accurately and quickly repeat. Practice makes perfect. Students will gradually absorb grammar patterns. Language is speech, not the printed word. What is Situational Language teaching? slt practice of basic structures in meaningful situation-based activities Carefully selected lexical items and grammar structures Gradationally situations become more difficult What is the P-P-P model? Material presented (begin learning) Practice (acquire material) Produce accurate and meaningful according to what they learnt material can continue to be built over subsequent lessons What is an example of a situational language teaching method? Have pictures of items and go around saying what each item is, start to ask students what the items are start to use different sentences of the items start to get students to question what the items are When was SLT popular? 1930's-1960's same time Audiolingual was popular in the states What are similaries of Audiolingual learning Situational language teaching Total Physical response Get students ready to communicate assuming they will be in native speaking country soon All create artificial envi: =TPR has the teacher directing students to match language items with actions. =Audiolingualism has the teacher presenting sample sentences, for the students to repeat, practice and recite appropriately and accurately in drills. =SLT has a situation created where there is a need to practice appropriate and accurate sentences about what can be seen by all in the class. students get fair chance to learn as teacher can monitor as students take turn speaking Structure orientated Starts with grammatical structures, add lexical items and notions later and starts with basic to difficulut What are the differences between SLT, Audiolingual and TPR? -TPR is aimed primarily at young learners and beginners -audiolingual methodology does not involve as much use of physical movement or pictures for demonstration. That is the main reason why audiolingual lessons have been aimed at mature students -SLT requires a lot of preparation on the part of the teacher, in order to assure that each grammar structure is obvious to students. With the arrangement of pictures and objects, the teacher always needs to think about how to focus on one or a few grammar structures when the lesson takes place. How is the Grammar Translation (GMT) or classical method characterized? -Students look to teacher for everything, teacher is expert -Teacher designs curriculum -Teacher audience format, taking notes and responding often they understand -Individual study and no group work each student has to demonstrate own levels of comprehension - assessment is highly objective, with knowledge-oriented questions that can be put into multiple choice forma -Taught at L1 usually with teacher that speaks chinese 80% of lesson -Dictation lessons to learn grammar structures with english irregularities he eats you eat (the 's') -Little to no speaking practice - teacher lectures -Drills, teacher calls out student to see if knows certain grammar or vocab -translating between chinese and english assuming there is a tanslation -Memorization of grammar and vocab with direct translations to chinese -Rote learning -Memorization of famous passages -rigourous attention to accuracy -When advanced use classical texts like shakespeare as full of complexities and unique applications of grammar structures and metaphors to challenge students What is rote? A fixed mechanical way of doing something, a routine Rythym of class Why is GMT most preffered method of ESl teaching in China and most of Asia GTM is a reliable method for preparing students for the state English exams, which consist mainly of grammar and vocabulary exercises and lack a speaking a component. It is not uncommon for students who learn this way to be able to recite long passages of English by heart, But, a learner's admirable lexical and grammatical knowledge of English—and even a keen familiarity with classic literature— sometimes goes unaccompanied by the ability to communicate verbally in everyday "real-life" contexts. Communicative Language teaching CLT Grown popular in recent decades Teacher is facilitator Student centre approaches group work L2 activities Grammar and vocab means to communicative end Students challenged to speak as much as possible Topics meaningful to students Learning by discovery Real life communication in classroom Fluency vs accuracy (gmt) Learning by doing approach by the teacher facilitating communicative competence What is BICS Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills someone using language in a social setting they are developing BICS Doesnt demand difficult vocab or high degree of grammatical accuracy Develops in first 6months of immersion in language What is CALP Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency formal knowledge of the language as it relates to speaking listening reading and writing takes five or more years to develop CALP is also a major component of discursive communication, wherein students sequester themselves until their work is completed, contributing to an ongoing progress of ideas, as with an academic community. What is CULP Common underlying language proficiency skills both languages require involving thought processes at logical level away from immediate linguistic phenomena such as inflection and colloquialisms Congitive process vs language proficiency steps? Cognitive process Konwledge Comprehension Application Analysis Synthesis Evaluation Language Proficiency Pronunciation Vocabulary Grammar Semeantic meaning What are main personalities of chinese students? Happy face -Appreciate communicative english -Possible pressure to be top student get good marks -Dont let other students rely on these just to answer all questions' 10% Hole in one -Smart kid with all answers but not paying attention -Get them to interact -Appreciate grammar and semiatics -Dont wanna do CALP 10% White picket fence _rely on them for answers sometimes -pair with troubled and non participatory students -smart above average in all classes'-confident 10% The warm chair non particaporty studnets just keep the chair warm in class -can be shut down by classmates 60 - 80% How do you deal with chair warmers? Group work and spread them, occasionally assign them leader so no slacking off strict english rules What are common mistakes made by teachers? assuming students to carry on momentum of discussion, burdens talkative, denies shy and boreds the rest What three things should a course plan cover? -Assumed knowledge of the students after your course is complete, grammar structures and vocabulary -Communicative skills already practised -Topics covered in the course Whats the difference between BICS, CALP BICS (basic interpersonal skills) social conversations low grammar accuracy developed in 6months CALP (cognitive academic language proficiency) formal knowledge of a language 5 years to develop -big focus in china with gmt method WHat is CULP These are the skills that the languages both require, skills that can make it easier to learn additional languages. CULP skills are common to both languages, L1 and L2, and are very likely to apply to L3. They are underlying skills because they mostly involve thought processes at the logical level away from more immediate linguistic phenomena such as colloquialisms and inflection. CULP is a kind of language proficiency because it is a generalizable skill, in other words, language smarts. WHat are three rules to follow when allowing free tlak in class? DOnt rely on eager beavers allow awkward silence dont let it go over 10-15mins THree effective ways to get students to speak in class? Brainstorming spokesperson to present to class scavenger hunt activity pair work Ways to constantly be prepared Simple activities -Bingo, MASH, Guess the word, Hangman Effective, wide scale participation, flexible Lists Of lexical items etc to use in class Textbooks and Printed handouts Cambridge new interchange series Communal activity materials class scrapbook Realia bag of tricks - physical object make lesson out of it WHy is it beneficial to have a less detailed course plan? Cos can be more flexible with lessons WHat should you start and end your lessons with? start with hard shit then end with games and videos to reward studnets and make them feel more accomplished what are the six parts of any lesson? warmers- getting comfotable and interacting and used to basic routines context- begin focussing on predictable concepts and language core materials - dialogue reading and listening or other materials on which to built controlled practice- opportunities to use target language with lots of supportive cues from teacher, drills, pictures, sentences on board vocab expansion- vocab added by teacher or students communicative practice - using language do something, games, solution and problems, focusing on message rather than language v what is the ideal lesson planning way Identify Student Deficiencies/Weaknesses Determine Clear Goals and Objectives to Address the Deficiencies/Weaknesses Establish Logical Lesson Plans to Reach Those Goals and Objectives Assess Student Performance along the Way Learn From Successes and Failures What is the larynx Teeth Ridge Apex Esophogas Blade of tongue Uvula Oral cavity Epiglottis Phraynx Vocal COrds Dorsum HArd palate velum Nasal cavity Trachea LIps larynx - encloses vocal cords Teeth -modify sound Ridge - gums of top front teeth tongue touches Apex -tip of tongue Esophogas - food pipe not directly associated to speech Blade of tongue - bends and twists position the apex Uvula - base of the tongue down the throat Oral cavity - mamkes resonance Epiglottis - throat ways close for food and water not directly related to speech Phraynx - opening of throat before wind ppe Vocal COrds - vobrate to creat esound Dorsum - causes tongue to flatten along base of mouth or pull and exend HArd palate bone seperates oral cavity from nasal cavity velum soft tissue between hard palate and uvula Nasal cavity large cavemopus area in which can also resonate Trachea windpipe which comes out for speech LIps WHat is phonemes distinct sound made in pronounciation WHat is a vowel phoneme A E I O U and sometimes Y however in words there are more than 20 distinct vowel sounds what is muffing and extension sounds can vary depending on how theyre muffed DIpthong complex vowel sound mere has dip thong what is ipa what are adbantages vs disadvanates? international phonetic association international phonetic albphabet advantages -teacher can settle disputes of pronounciation -commmon reference -used to introduce new sounds -if cant hear still have reference disadvantage -tedious if teacher unfamiliar =-loss of detail [ what is bejining called peking spelled from obselete system WHat are the four most troublesome phonemes e as in get ae as in cat re as in peer r as in run what is a syllabus? a unit of pronounciation of great sonority usually a vowel and more sounds of lessoer sonority consannt why is expressiveness an issue for chinese students? cause there language ahs tones to tell them how to say however english doesnt. using different tones can chnage the implication of what you are saying What are four major speech issues choppy speech not grouping natural words together mispronounciation stops and stalls not pausing at the end of sentences not using intonation and emphasiss robotic speaking WHat are minimal pair exercises set of two words which differ by only one phoneme WHat are the 4 theories of stephen krashen Language acquisition happens when: Input is provided at the i+1 level, The affective filter is lowered, The monitor is not made too strong by an overemphasis on accuracy, and The natural order of acquisition is respected. i+1 scheme In the i+1schema, "i" means interlanguage, the point on the continuum between L1 and L2 that the student currently occupies. +1 means that the input should be just a little more complex or difficult than the learner can easily comprehend. b WHat is affective filter When a student in nervous or apprehensive in the language class, a filter goes up that prevents the input from getting through. The teacher can lower the affective filter by making the classroom a comfortable environment for the student to take risks in using the language. what is the monitor The monitor is the part of the brain that checks language output for accuracy. An overly strong monitor interferes with fluency because the learner is too worried about getting the grammar, pronunciation etc. correct to focus on meaning. Constant correction or focus on accuracy by the teacher strengthens the monitor, inhibiting fluency.