PHR Exam| 567 Questions| With Complete Solutions

First HR Association correct answer: American Society for Personnel Administration in 1948 Six functional areas of HR correct answer: Business Management & strategy workforce planning and employment HR development Comp & benefits EE & labor relations risk management 7 common elements of needs assessment/analysis correct answer: 1. describe the objective - where do we want to be? 2. define the current situation - where are we now? 3. conduct gap analysis 4. set priorities 5. investigate & develop options - what is the best way to fill gap? 6. evaluate options & develop budget. -ROI 7. recommend solutions. components of an RFP correct answer: Request for proposal: description of the organization, project overview, admin details of selection process (deadline etc), clear/complete project description, contact information what elements should be included in a proposal response to an RFP? correct answer: Executive summary vendor qualifications project management plan project team roles and responsibilities delivery schedule pricing information examples of top down communication methods correct answer: intranet announcements posters newsletters individual letters flyers examples of bottom up communications correct answer: open door policies all hands meetings staff meetings brown bag lunches one-on-one meetings email webcasts six steps of disciplinary actions correct answer: 1. verbal warning (incl. written doc of convo) 2. 1st written warning - more formal 3. final written warning 4. decision-making day - "ee's sent home usu w pay to think about if they're willing to make changes for their jobs." 5. Suspension 6. termination. Knowles' 5 assumptions of adult learning correct answer: 1. Self Concept: maturing from dependent to self directed. 2.Adult Learner Experience: accumulation of experience 3.Readiness to Learn: learning becomes oriented to social roles 4. Orientation of learning: shifts from subject centered to problem centered. 5. Motivation to learn (which is internal) three types of learning styles correct answer: auditory visual tactile/kinesthetic abraham maslow correct answer: hierarchy of needs in 1954 explains how people meet their needs through work. Maslow's 5 Hierarchy of Needs correct answer: Physiological: ppl at this level are motivated by the basic needs of life - food. shelter. Safety: once they have food and shelter, look to be safe from harm. Social: at this level, motivated by desire for acceptance and belonging Esteem: recognition for achievement Self-Actualization: once below needs are met, motivated by opp to be creative and fulfill their potential. they don't look outside for opportunities but depend on themselves to act on them. BF Skinner correct answer: operant conditioning 1957 most commonly known as behavior modification basic behavior can be changed through 4 different types of intervention: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment, extinction. BF Skinners 4 intervention strategies correct answer: Positive Reinforcement: encourages continuation of behavior by providing pleasant response when behavior occurs. Negative Reinforcement: encourages continuation by removing an unpleasant response to behavior. Punishment: discourages future occurrences of behavior by providing an unpleasant response. Extinction: discourages future occurrences by ceasing to reinforce it. Satisfaction/Motivation VS Dissatisfaction/Hygiene factors correct answer: Frederick Herzberg - Motivation/Hygiene Theory 1959 Motivation (Satisfiers) - motivate by changing the work to challenge, to develop talents or potential. Ex. adding responsibilities if poor performance is due to boredom with repetitive tasks. leads to longer term satisfaction. Hygiene factors (Dissatisfiers) - allow people to avoid unpleasant experiences. ex. employee continues to get paycheck for work performed. only provides short term benefits to employers. Frederick Herzberg correct answer: Motivation/Hygiene Theory (1959) also known as the two factor theory. "what makes ppl happy is WHAT they do or the way they're used. what makes ppl unhappy is the way they're treated." Motivators (Job Satisfiers) VS Hygiene factors (Dissatisfiers) David McClelland correct answer: Acquired Needs Theory - 1961 Experiences acquired in life motivate achievement in one of three areas: achievement, affiliation, or power. David McClelland's Acquired Needs Thory three areas of achievement correct answer: 1. Achievement: those motivated by this take moderate risks to achieve goals, respond to frequent feedback, and prefer to work as sole contributors or with others at the same level. 2. Affiliation: These individuals look for acceptance and need regular interaction with coworkers/customers. 3. Power: Those motivated by personal or institutional power. often effective managers who are motivated by coordinating work groups to achieve organizational goals. Douglas McGregor correct answer: Theory X and Theory Y (1960) Expanded on Maslow's work to describe the behavi