College aantekeningen
The Law of International Organisations C00C5B: Slides + Lessen met inhoudstafel
- Instelling
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)
Samenvatting met inhoudstafel: Slides + Lessen
[Meer zien]Voorbeeld 4 van de 121 pagina's
Voorbeeld 4 van de 121 pagina's
In winkelwagenVerkoper
Volgen
Voorbeeld van de inhoud
THE LAW OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONInhoudsopgave
SESSION 1: INTRODUCTION – HISTORY – DEFINITION - TYPES.........................................................................8
1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................8
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................8
THE INVASION OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS...................................................................................10
I. NUMBER OF PARTIES.........................................................................................................................10
I. THEIR LEVEL.......................................................................................................................................11
2. HISTORY..........................................................................................................................................................11
LEAGUE OF NATIONS.....................................................................................................................................11
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION....................................................................................................12
3. DEFINITION.....................................................................................................................................................12
I. ASSOCIATION OF SUBJECTS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW......................................................................12
II. ESTABLISHED BY TREATY...................................................................................................................12
III. PURSUIT OF COMMON OBJECTIVES...............................................................................................13
IV. ONE OR MORE ORGANS..................................................................................................................13
4. TYPES..............................................................................................................................................................13
UNIVERSAL (GLOBAL) VS REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS..................................................................................13
OPEN VS CLOSED ORGANIZATIONS................................................................................................................13
GENERAL (POLITICAL) VS FUNCTIONAL (TECHNICAL) ORGANIZATIONS........................................................14
5. ABBREVIATIONS OF IOS..................................................................................................................................14
SESSION 2 LEGAL PERSONALITY AND COMPETENCES....................................................................................15
1. LEGAL PERSONALITY.......................................................................................................................................15
HISTORICAL NOTES........................................................................................................................................15
LEGAL PERSONALITY IN INTERNATIONAL LAW.........................................................................................15
LEGAL PERSONALITY / CAPACITY IN DOMESTIC LAW...............................................................................16
LEGAL SITUATION PRIOR TO WOI..............................................................................................................16
REPARATION FOR INJURIES CASE ICJ (1949)..................................................................................................16
LEGAL PERSONALITY GRANTED THROUGH A LANDMARK CASE...............................................................16
OBJECTIVE LEGAL PERSONALITY OF THE UN SUBJECT LEGAL PERSONALITY OF OTHER IO’S / PACTA
TERTIIS RULE.............................................................................................................................................16
THE LINK BETWEEN SEPARATE LEGAL PERSONALITY OF THE IO...............................................................17
Matthews v United Kingdom (1999)...............................................................................................17
Mothers of Srebrenica et. V. State of the Netherlands and the United Nations............................17
2. COMPETENCES...............................................................................................................................................17
KOMPETENZ-KOMPETENZ.............................................................................................................................17
IO’S HAVE NO KOMPETENZ-KOMPETENZ.................................................................................................17
PRINCIPLE OF CONFERRAL IN THE EU............................................................................................................18
EU: PRINCIPLE OF CONFERAL - ART 5(1) – ART 4(1):................................................................................18
EXPRESS VS IMPLIED POWERS.......................................................................................................................19
EXPRESS AND IMPLIED POWERS...............................................................................................................19
DOMESTIC JURISTION – Domain Réservé.................................................................................................19
DISPUTES ON COMPETENT ORGAN...............................................................................................................20
LITIGATION ON THE COMPETENT ORGAN/ ULTRA VIRES ACTS................................................................20
SESSION 3: SOURCE OF THE LAW OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS........................................................21
1. REFRESHER: SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW............................................................................................21
1
, 2. WHAT ARE SOURCES OF LAW AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS?........................................................21
INTRODUCING: ART. 38..................................................................................................................................21
THE COURT SHALL APPLY:..............................................................................................................................22
I. TREATIES (CONVENTIONS).....................................................................................................................22
Treaties and international organizations.........................................................................................23
II. CUSTOMARY INTERNATION LAW..........................................................................................................23
Evidence of State practice...............................................................................................................24
General Practice and IO’s................................................................................................................24
Objections to customary law binding international organizations.................................................24
3. THE PLACE OF IOS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, ESPACIALLY CUSTOMARY
INTERNATIONAL LAW.........................................................................................................................................25
ACCOUNTING FOR IO’S IN CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW....................................................................25
III. GENERAL PRINCIPLES...........................................................................................................................25
FINDING GENERAL PRINCIPES..............................................................................................................25
IV. SUBSIDAIRY SOURCES...........................................................................................................................25
4. OTHER SOURCES OF LOW OR OBLIGATION RELEVANT FOR IOs.....................................................................26
RESOLUTIONS AS ACTS OF IOS.......................................................................................................................26
SOFT LAW.......................................................................................................................................................26
Legal Effects of soft law.............................................................................................................................26
CONCLUSIONS: SOURCES OF LAW AND IOS..................................................................................................27
SESSION 4: ORGANS: COMPOSITION, FUNCTIONING, TYPES, MUTUAL RELATIONSHIP, BALANCE OF POWER/
INSTITUTIONAL BALANCE............................................................................................................................. 27
1. DEFINITION.....................................................................................................................................................27
IOS ARE ABSTRACTIONS.................................................................................................................................27
ATTEMPT AT A DEFINITION............................................................................................................................27
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ORGAN AND INSTITUTION.......................................................................................28
2. ATTRIBUTABILITY............................................................................................................................................28
THE QUESTION OF THE ATTRIBUABILITY.......................................................................................................28
The question of attribuability: ilc articles on responsibility......................................................................28
3. LEGAL BASIS....................................................................................................................................................29
PRINCIPAL ORGANS............................................................................................................................................29
SUBSIDIARY ORGANS.....................................................................................................................................29
4. TYPES..............................................................................................................................................................31
PLENARY VS LIMITED ORGANS......................................................................................................................31
PRINCIPAL VS SUBSIDAIRY ORGANS...............................................................................................................32
Hierarchical relationship?.........................................................................................................................32
SECRETARIAT..................................................................................................................................................32
Tasks..........................................................................................................................................................32
Independence vis à vis MS as “international civil service”.......................................................................32
Qualification v fair geographical distribution............................................................................................33
ILO Administrative Tribunal (2003), Judgments 2232, Bustani.................................................................33
JUDICIAL ORGANS..........................................................................................................................................33
PARLIAMENTARY ORGANS.............................................................................................................................33
5. FUNCTIONING................................................................................................................................................33
PLENARY ORGAN............................................................................................................................................33
LIMITED ORGAN.............................................................................................................................................33
6. MUTUAL RELATIONSHIP - BALANCE...............................................................................................................34
SESSION 5: MEMBERSHIP: ACCESSION SUSPENSION AND TERMINATION - AND OTHER STATUES IN
INTERNAITONAL ORGANIZATIONS................................................................................................................ 35
1. ADMISSION TO MEMBERSHIP........................................................................................................................35
2
, CONDITIONS..................................................................................................................................................35
COMPARISON: UN – EU – WTO.....................................................................................................................35
United Nations..........................................................................................................................................35
I. PEACE LOVING STATE.........................................................................................................................36
II. ACCEPT OBLIGATIONS......................................................................................................................36
III. ABLE AND WILLING.........................................................................................................................36
Advisory opinion regarding the accession to the UN......................................................................36
Non-member states/observers.......................................................................................................36
European Union........................................................................................................................................37
I. EUROPEAN STATE..............................................................................................................................37
II. RESPECT OF THE VALUES IN ART. 2 TEU...........................................................................................37
Procedure........................................................................................................................................37
EU Enlargement practice.................................................................................................................38
THE WORLD TRADE ORGANISATION.........................................................................................................39
Who can apply?...............................................................................................................................39
Procedure?...........................................................................................................................................39
2. STATUTES AT INTERNATIONLA ORGANIZATIONS............................................................................................39
DIFFERENT TYPES OF MEMBERS AND STATUTES...........................................................................................39
FULL MEMBERSHIP...................................................................................................................................39
ASSOCIATED MEMBERS.............................................................................................................................40
OBSERVER STATUS.....................................................................................................................................40
ENHANCED OBSERVER STATUS/ FULL PARTICIPANT STATUS...........................................................40
THE PARTICULAR CASE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION.......................................................................................40
FULL MEMBERSHIP...................................................................................................................................40
OBSERVER STATUS.....................................................................................................................................40
ENHANVED OBSERVER/ FULL PARTICIPANT STATUS.................................................................................40
NO POSITION.............................................................................................................................................41
3. SUSPENSION OF MEMBERSHIP RIGHTS.........................................................................................................41
UNITED NATIONS...........................................................................................................................................41
Articles of the UN Charter.........................................................................................................................41
Article 19 of the UN Charter.....................................................................................................................41
EUROPEAN UNION.........................................................................................................................................41
4. EXPLUSION FOR MEMBERSHIP.......................................................................................................................42
UNITED NATIONS................................................................................................................................................43
INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND (IMF)..........................................................................................................43
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION.........................................................................................................43
COUNCIL OF EUROPE (COE)................................................................................................................................43
5. WITHDRAWEL FROM MEMBERSHIP...............................................................................................................43
UNITED NATIONS...........................................................................................................................................43
UN Specialized agencies............................................................................................................................43
EUROPEAN UNION.........................................................................................................................................44
Article 50 TEU............................................................................................................................................44
Case study: BREXIT....................................................................................................................................44
FACTS....................................................................................................................................................44
SCENARIOS OF BREXIT.....................................................................................................................44
OUTCOME........................................................................................................................................44
The UK in Europa and the World.....................................................................................................45
And for the WTO..............................................................................................................................45
WHAT THE EU LOST/ REMAINS........................................................................................................45
SESSION 6: UN STAFF AS INTERNATIONAL CIVIL SERVIES: LEGAL STATUS, DUTIES AND ACCOUNTABILITY........46
1. SOME HISTORY...............................................................................................................................................46
3
, 2. SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL CIVIL SERVICE LAW.........................................................................................47
CONSTITUENT TREATY OF THE IO..................................................................................................................47
UN Charter Art. 100..................................................................................................................................47
UN Charter Art. 101..................................................................................................................................48
Similar provisions in constituent treaties other IO..............................................................................48
Staff Regulations and Rules + relevant Resolutions of governing body...............................................48
3. DUTIES APPLICABLE TO THE INTERNATIONAL CIVIL SERVICE.........................................................................48
4. ACCOUNTABILITY OF INTERNATIONAL CIVIL SERVANTS.................................................................................49
FORMS OF ACCOUNTABILITY.........................................................................................................................50
FIVE CASE STUDIES.........................................................................................................................................50
1) CASE: Edith Cresson..............................................................................................................................50
3. CASE: The Paul Wolfowitz President Bush gave him the post of president of the World Bank............51
CASE: Ruub Lubbers..................................................................................................................................52
CASE: Dominique Strauss-Kahn................................................................................................................52
CASE: ERIK SOLHEIM (UNCDP)..................................................................................................................53
SESSION 7: RESPONSIBILITY OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS................................................................54
1. A PRIMER ON THE LOW OF INTERIONAL RESPONSIBILITY.............................................................................54
DEFINING INTERNATIONAL RESPONSIBILITY.................................................................................................54
CUSTOMARY LAW AND THE ILC.....................................................................................................................54
General principles of responsibility..........................................................................................................54
2. RESPONSIBILITY OS IOS FOR HUMAN IRGHTS VIOLATIONS...........................................................................55
RESONSIBILITY OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS...................................................................................55
3. TOWARDS ‘SHARED RESPONSIBILITY’ BETWEEN IOS AND STATES – THE SITUATION OF PEACKEEPING AND
HUMAN RIGHT VIOLATIONS...............................................................................................................................56
ISSUES OF AGANCY, WILL AND CONTROL......................................................................................................56
Complicity for acts of others: IO...............................................................................................................56
BEHAVIOUR OF MEMBER STATES’ ORGANS AND IO ORGANS.......................................................................57
Special issues: Dual attribution to States and IOs in respect of Human Rights........................................57
IO responsibility in Al-Skeini V United Kingdom..................................................................................58
Al-Jedda v United Kingdom..................................................................................................................58
Implications of ECTHR developments.......................................................................................................59
4. CASE STUDY: ATTRIBUTION OF CONDUCT IN INTERNATIONAL MILITARY OPERATIONS................................59
ISSUES OF CONTROL......................................................................................................................................59
Effective control in the ARIO.....................................................................................................................60
Initial UN Peacekeeping Operations.........................................................................................................60
Control, the ILC and the ARIO...................................................................................................................60
Effective control in Art. 7 in substance.....................................................................................................60
Limitations of looking at effective control................................................................................................61
Casual arguments for attributing conduct................................................................................................61
Effective control reinterpreted via causation?..........................................................................................61
Effective control and military....................................................................................................................61
SESSION 8: DECISION-MAKING-INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AS LAW-MAKERS.....................................63
1. THE LEGAL ORDER OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS..............................................................................63
2. CONSITUTION – A FEW CHARACTERS.............................................................................................................63
3. LEGAL INSTRUMENTS.....................................................................................................................................63
INTERNAL RULES (AND PRACTICE) BINDING ON MEMBER STATES...............................................................63
LAW-MAKING INSTRUMENTS........................................................................................................................64
Conventions..............................................................................................................................................64
General Regulations..................................................................................................................................64
Decisions...................................................................................................................................................64
NON-BINDING INSTRUMENTS.......................................................................................................................64
4
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
√ Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, Bancontact of creditcard voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper bobraekmans. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €12,89. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?
4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 52928 samenvattingen verkocht
Opgericht in 2010, al 14 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen